Vesiculitis

Vesiculitis is an inflammatory disease of the seminal vesicles. Let's consider the main causes of the disease, symptoms, diagnostic methods.

As well as treatment methods, both medicinal and folk, and the prognosis for recovery.

Causes vesiculitis

The seminal vesicles are a paired organ located near the prostate. In normal functioning of the body and the genitourinary system, they act as a reservoir for storing prostatic secretion. The vesicles are connected to the vas deferens, through which spermatozoa enter the outside. The vesicles consist of a body, a base, and an excretory duct.

That is, the functions of the seminal vesicles and their health for a man are difficult to overestimate. But it is also difficult to detect vesiculitis and other pathological processes in this organ. Due to hidden symptoms, the disease becomes advanced before the patient seeks medical help.

The causes of vesiculitis are varied, inflammation can appear against the background of other diseases of the genitourinary system and pelvic organs. As a rule, inflammation occurs due to advanced urethritis, chronic prostatitis or damage to the epididymis. The disease can develop due to a general infectious lesion, for example, tonsillitis, flu or osteomyelitis. There are many factors that contribute to the development of vesiculitis, these are frequent constipation, a sedentary lifestyle or sedentary work, long sexual abstinence or suppression of the immune system.

Vesiculitis occurs in men of different ages, both in young people under 25 and in men of reproductive and advanced age. The prevalence of the disease depends on the standard of living and age. For example, among young people, the inflammatory process often appears due to promiscuous sexual relations and urogenital infection. There are two large groups of causes that cause vesiculitis, let's consider them:

1. Infectious
   • Specific – mixed, trichomonas, tuberculosis, gonorrhea.
   • Non-specific – viral, bacterial, candidiasis, ureaplasma, mycoplasma and chlamydia
2. Congestive – occurs due to stagnation of secretion. In some cases, vesiculitis occurs due to venous congestion in the scrotum and pelvic organs.

Most often, the inflammatory process appears due to the impact of bacterial flora. The causative agents are staphylococcal and streptococcal microorganisms, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Klebsiella. Staphylococcal infection is found in young patients who have had mixed urethritis. In elderly people, inflammation appears due to gram-negative flora caused by age-related disorders of urine outflow. In 60% of cases, the disease occurs due to infections such as chlamydia, gardnerella or ureaplasma. In 10% of cases, it appears due to the impact of mycoplasma and in 5% due to the herpes virus.

There are a number of factors for stagnation of secretion in the seminal vesicles. This may be interrupted sexual intercourse, lack of regular sexual life and abstinence, alcohol abuse, hypothermia, sedentary lifestyle, etc. But vesiculitis occurs most rarely as a result of allergic reactions, metabolic disorders, mechanical injuries, exposure to drugs, or due to disorders in the functioning of the body's immune system.

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Symptoms vesiculitis

The symptoms of vesiculitis may not make themselves known for a long time, which significantly complicates the diagnostic process and makes the inflammation dangerous. The disease may arise against the background of chronic prostatitis and, according to the symptoms, indicate a primary disease. In this case, the development of the disease is indicated by high temperature, pain in the perineum and difficulty urinating. Drops of blood may appear in the sperm, and painful sensations may intensify when the bladder is full. Such symptoms require immediate treatment, as they lead to serious consequences.

Signs of acute vesiculitis:

• Painful sensations in the pelvic and groin area that radiate to the sacrum.
• The pain is one-sided, even with bilateral damage to the seminal vesicles.
• The discomfort increases during defecation and when the bladder is full.
• Ejaculation becomes painful and blood stains appear in the semen.
• Patients complain of general malaise, headaches and fever.

Symptoms of chronic vesiculitis:

• Long-term pain after intercourse.
• Involuntary ejaculation.
• Pain during erection and ejaculation.
• Aching pain in the sacral region.
• Difficulty, painful urination or dysuria.

But most often the reason for seeking medical help is the presence of blood in the seminal fluid. In rare cases, vesiculitis provokes the release of pus with urine and sperm, and a decrease in the number of spermatozoa, which leads to infertility.

Forms

Let's consider the main forms of vesiculitis:

• The acute form occurs as suddenly as any inflammatory process. The disease is characterized by a sharp increase in temperature, pain in the pelvic area during urination and defecation, and general weakness. Very often it develops against the background of prostatitis, so it can be perceived as its exacerbation.
• Chronic vesiculitis is a complication of the acute form of the disease. The patient complains of aching pain in the perineum and pelvic area. Problems with ejaculation, erectile dysfunction and changes in the qualitative composition of seminal fluid begin.

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Acute vesiculitis

Acute vesiculitis is an inflammatory process in the seminal vesicles, accompanied by symptoms of intoxication of the body and severe painful sensations. Acute vesiculitis causes high temperature, chills, severe headache. In addition, painful sensations in the rectum and bloody discharge during ejaculation appear.

To diagnose an acute inflammatory process, the patient must pass a urine test and a test of fluid from the seminal vesicles. An ultrasound examination is mandatory, in which the inflamed vesicles look enlarged. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used for treatment. Laxatives, temperature-reducing agents, and physiotherapy procedures are used as auxiliary drugs. Self-medication is strictly prohibited, as this can lead to stretching and purulent filling of the seminal vesicles. In this case, surgical intervention with further restorative therapy will be required.

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Chronic vesiculitis

Chronic vesiculitis is one of the forms of inflammatory lesions of the seminal vesicles, which is characterized by a protracted course. The disease can occur simultaneously with prostatitis or be a complication of urethritis. The chronic form of the disease is accompanied by dull pain in the lumbar region, which does not depend on the position of the body. The patient feels weak and tired, pain in the groin and suprapubic region, radiating to the rectum and testicles. In addition, frequent urges to urinate, weakening of the urine stream, itching and discharge from the urethra are possible.

Chronic vesiculitis is difficult to diagnose, as its symptoms are similar to many diseases. Therefore, palpation data and examination of their secretion are used to establish an accurate diagnosis. X-ray examination and urethrography are used as an auxiliary method. In a healthy state, the lumen of the ampulla of the ejaculatory duct consists of valve-shaped folds that protect the seminal vesicle from fluid from the urethra. Differential diagnostics of chronic vesiculitis with tumors, cysts and tuberculosis of the seminal vesicles is mandatory.

The treatment is long-term and should be systematic. Successful recovery depends on successful emptying of the seminal vesicle secretion. For these purposes, a special massage is used, which begins at the base of the prostate gland and gradually moves to the top and back. The massage should not cause painful sensations and is recommended to be combined with diathermy, sitz baths and mud applications. Ultrashort wave therapy is especially popular. Antibiotics are used to stimulate the body. It is mandatory to follow a vitamin diet and give up bad habits.

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Prostate-vesiculitis

Prostatitis vesiculitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland and can be of two forms - acute and chronic. The main cause of the disease is an infection that gets into the prostate. Prostatitis vesiculitis also occurs with chronic constipation, since blood flow and lymph circulation in the pelvic organs are disrupted. But there are predisposing factors that lead to the development of pathology: chronic diseases of the genitourinary system, perineal injuries, hypothermia, lack of sexual life or, on the contrary, excessive sexual activity and a sedentary lifestyle.

Symptoms of prostatitis vesiculitis are classic, as for this disease. The patient complains of discomfort in the perineum, bladder and rectum. In the acute form, an increase in body temperature and intoxication of the body are possible. Another symptom characteristic of the disease is a violation of sexual function and the possibility of fertilization. Treatment should be complex, that is, a combination of bactericidal therapy with immunocorrective treatment and physiotherapy.

Bilateral vesiculitis

Bilateral vesiculitis is an inflammation localized in the seminal vesicles. In some cases, inflammation appears as an independent pathology, but most often due to the action of pathogenic microorganisms that enter the seminal vesicles through the walls of the urethra, from the upper parts of the prostate or the vas deferens.

The main symptoms of bilateral inflammation are painful ejaculation, pain in the groin and iliac region, and premature ejaculation. If the disease becomes chronic, severe pain in the perineum appears, which radiates to the lower back and causes discomfort when urinating. During the diagnostic process, both seminal vesicles are carefully examined; as a rule, the inflammation is more pronounced in one of them.

Bilateral vesiculitis can occur in a mild form or be complicated by empyema and the flow of purulent contents from the retrovesical reservoir. In any case, the pathology requires timely diagnosis and properly selected treatment. The earlier the therapy is started, the higher the chances of recovery and full restoration of genitourinary functions.

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Diagnostics vesiculitis

Diagnosis of vesiculitis is very important, since the effectiveness of the selected treatment depends on its results. At the initial stage, the patient is questioned about the symptoms and other signs of the inflammatory process. After collecting the anamnesis, the patient is sent for a rectal examination, during which the pain and inflammation of the anterior wall of the rectum are determined. Then laboratory tests are carried out to confirm or refute the diagnosis.

The patient is required to take a general blood and urine test, but this is not enough to make a diagnosis. Therefore, the patient takes a sample of the contents of the seminal vesicles to identify pathogenic microorganisms and the inflammatory process. An ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs is also performed.

Let's consider the basic algorithm for diagnosing vesiculitis:

• Collection of anamnesis. The patient is asked about the duration of pain in the groin area, possible injuries to the abdomen and genitals. Also important is information about the quality of sexual life and the absence of difficulties in conceiving children.
• Examination. The doctor checks whether the patient's genitals are formed correctly and whether there are any obvious signs of an inflammatory process. A rectal examination is performed, and the doctor palpates the prostate and seminal vesicles through the anus. This allows one to determine the presence of seals in the vesicles and their soreness.
• Laboratory tests. The patient is prescribed urine and blood tests, a spermogram, a culture of the secretion of the seminal vesicles, an ultrasound examination of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Microscopy of urological smears and their bacteriological culture are also performed.
• Detection of sexually transmitted diseases. The patient will undergo PCR diagnostics and blood testing for chlamydia, mycoplasma infection and gonorrhea.

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Treatment vesiculitis

Treatment of vesiculitis depends entirely on the diagnostic results. Therapy is based on the causal factors that caused the disease. Treatment is complex, therefore it consists of measures to enhance the protective properties of the immune system. In particularly severe cases (with suppuration of the seminal vesicles), surgery is performed.

Let's consider the basic principles of treatment of various forms of inflammatory disease:

• Taking antibacterial drugs in accordance with the identified pathogenic microorganisms and their sensitivity to antibiotics.
• Use of painkillers and antipyretics.
• Physiotherapy: ultrasound procedures, massages to reduce secretion stagnation and thermal procedures.
• In case of suppuration of the seminal vesicles, surgical treatment is performed. A puncture is made with a thin needle to wash out or remove the purulent contents.

Symptomatic therapy is mandatory, which helps relieve painful sensations. Anti-inflammatory drugs, painkillers and laxatives are used for these purposes. If chronic vesiculitis is being treated, then physiotherapy procedures, massage of the prostate and seminal vesicles, warm compresses and baths are required.

Treatment of vesiculitis with antibiotics

Treatment of vesiculitis with antibiotics depends on the infectious agent of the disease. As a rule, patients are prescribed antibiotics such as: Ampicillin, Cephalosporins and others. Chemical antibacterial drugs are also prescribed: Nitroxoline, Urotractin, Gramurin and painkillers in the form of rectal suppositories: Anesthesin and others.

Let's consider the treatment of vesiculitis with antibiotics:

• If vesiculitis is caused by white staphylococcus, E. coli, then the following groups of antibacterial drugs are recommended: Macrolides, Erythromycin, Tetracyclines, Doxycycline, Sumamed, Nitrofurans and others.
• In the case of an inflammatory process caused by rare pathogens (Klebsiella, Proteus) or urogenital infections (ureaplasma, gardnerella, chlamydia), treatment should be carried out in both sexual partners. For these purposes, antibacterial drugs from the group of Macrolides, Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones are used. In this case, it is recommended to conduct at least two full courses of treatment with an interval of 5-7 days.
• Vesiculitis caused by a specific infection, such as tuberculosis, syphilis or gonorrhea, is treated with penicillin antibiotics, cephalosporins or rifampicin.
• If the inflammatory process arose against the background of a stagnant factor, then the following drugs are used for therapy: Trental, Dartilin.

Adjuvant therapy also has therapeutic properties. Patients are prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs: Indomethacin, Diclofenac, as well as immunomodulators: Viferon, Pirogenal, Taktivin.

Treatment of vesiculitis at home

Treatment of vesiculitis at home is popular with many patients. And this is not surprising, since with inflammation in the early stages, such methods allow you to eliminate the symptoms of damage to the seminal vesicles.

Let's look at several effective recipes for treating vesiculitis at home:

• Take 10 g of sage leaves, 25 g of burdock root, 10 g of St. John's wort, nettle, fennel, calendula, black poplar buds and field horsetail. Mix all the ingredients, pour 500 ml of hot water and leave in a warm place or in a thermos for 10-12 hours. The resulting remedy is recommended to be taken three times a day before meals, the course of treatment is 1-2 months. The infusion has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, wound-healing and analgesic properties.
• Warm baths can be prepared from chamomile to reduce inflammation, activate the immune system's protective properties and reduce skin sensitivity. To prepare a medicinal bath, it is recommended to use 200 g of chamomile and boiled water no warmer than 40 degrees. The bath is taken 20 minutes before bedtime. Such treatment should last throughout the entire therapy for vesiculitis.
• To treat vesiculitis at home, you can use various juices. For example, carrot, berry, cucumber or celery juices have a diuretic effect, which has a positive effect on the urinary tract and increases the overall resistance of the body.

Treatment of vesiculitis with folk remedies

Treatment of vesiculitis with folk remedies involves the use of safe medicinal plants. Herbal infusions, decoctions of medicinal herbs, baths, compresses and lotions are especially effective. Most often, suppositories with propolis, mud rectal tampons, warm sitz baths and microclysters with herbal decoctions are used for therapy.

Let's look at several recipes for treating vesiculitis with folk remedies:

• Grind the parsley seeds, pour water over them and put them in a water bath for 20 minutes. The resulting decoction should be filtered and taken one tablespoon once a day. Parsley has diuretic properties and washes the urinary tract well.
• Mix equal parts of plantain leaves, linden blossom, coltsfoot, nettle and orthilia secunda herb. Pour boiling water over the herbal ingredients and leave for 20-30 minutes. Take 2-3 tablespoons before each meal.
• Take fresh burdock root, grate it, pour water and put it on low heat for 10-15 minutes. The resulting remedy must be filtered and taken 50 g 3-4 times a day, before each meal.

In order for folk treatment to be truly effective, it must be combined with complex therapy of antibacterial drugs and physiotherapy.

Prevention

Prevention of vesiculitis is aimed at preventing relapses of the disease. As a rule, urologists prescribe sanatorium and resort treatment to patients for this purpose. In any case, it is difficult to prevent inflammation of the seminal vesicles, since it is necessary to identify the main cause of its occurrence. It is necessary to eliminate local causes of inflammation, that is, urethritis and prostatitis.

Treatment should be aimed at sanitizing foci of chronic infectious lesions. Antibiotics are used for these purposes. Vesiculitis can occur due to an infection that is located far from the seminal vesicles. This means that any infectious foci need to be treated. In some cases, even carious teeth can cause vesiculitis. But the absence of bacteria does not guarantee that inflammation will not appear. For example, against the background of minor hypothermia, symptoms of acute damage to the seminal vesicles may appear.

Let's look at the basic rules, the observance of which reduces the risk of inflammatory processes in the seminal vesicles:

• It is necessary to protect the body from hypothermia, prolonged sedentary work, constipation, injuries in the perineum and unprotected sexual intercourse. Bad habits such as alcoholism and smoking provoke vesiculitis. Masturbation, sexual excesses and frequent change of sexual partners are another factor causing inflammation.
• At the same time, regular sexual activity, timely treatment of chronic infections and diseases, healthy eating, exercise and regular sexual activity are the best methods for preventing vesiculitis.

For prevention, it is recommended to use physiotherapy to strengthen general and local immunity mechanisms, reflexology to stimulate tissue regeneration processes, exercise therapy and electrotherapy to eliminate inflammation and improve cell and tissue metabolism. Another mandatory factor in preventing the inflammatory process is personal hygiene. Regular toilet of the genitals and change of underwear are an integral part of vesiculitis prevention.

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Forecast

The prognosis of vesiculitis is based on the form of the inflammatory disease, the general course of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient's body. For example, acute vesiculitis can lead to suppuration of the seminal vesicles, causing severe pain in the groin and symptoms of intoxication. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is required to prevent consequences that are dangerous to health and life. If vesiculitis occurs in a chronic form, then without timely treatment the prognosis is unfavorable, since the disease can cause infertility and impotence.

Vesiculitis is a dangerous disease for men's health, which causes damage to the seminal vesicles responsible for the production of seminal fluid and the possibility of fertilization. With timely diagnosis and treatment, the disease can be eliminated and the prognosis for the disease will be favorable. But the lack of therapy threatens health-threatening complications.

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