Spinal scoliosis of 1 degree: how to treat at home, massage

Scoliosis is a lateral deformity of the spine. It can be localized in different parts of the spine or in several at once, to have several forms of curvature. According to the radiological classification, there are 4 degrees of curvature, depending on its angle relative to the axis of the frontal plane. Scoliosis of 1 degree means a deviation in the range of 1º-10º.

[1], [2], [3]

Epidemiology

Statistics state that scoliosis is very common around the world, especially it is often found in countries with a high level of urbanization, somewhat less among the inhabitants of the third world.

In our country, one of four children has a similar defect in the spine, and girls, like in other countries, are more susceptible to the disease. This is probably due to their greater assiduity and less mobility than boys.

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Causes of the scoliosis 1 degree

In the overwhelming majority (80% of cases) the cause of scoliosis is unknown. The remaining deformations occur in:

• congenital, for example, Klippel-Feil syndrome or short neck, inherited;
• neuromuscular pathologies (poliomyelitis);
• diseases caused by bone metabolism;
• spinal muscular dystrophy;
• effects of injuries and amputations;
• heart surgery;
• difference in the length of the lower limbs.

Risk factors

It is believed that the following risk factors can be an impetus for the development of scoliosis:

• unbalanced nutrition;
• bad posture;
• rapid body growth in adolescence;
• asymmetrical load on the spine, can be associated with carrying on one shoulder a heavy backpack or sport.

[5]

Pathogenesis

Since the main part of scoliosis has an unidentified nature, their pathogenesis is not completely clear. Some scientists consider the trigger of the disease of the pathology of the nervous system: the unevenness of reflexes, vegetographic disorders. Others see it in changes in the structure of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs (wedge-shaped), the decrease in collagen in their tissues. The search for pathogenesis elements continues.

[6], [7], [8]

Symptoms of the scoliosis 1 degree

Scoliosis of 1 degree is visually practically imperceptible, except that with closer observation it is possible to determine a slight stoop or a different arrangement of shoulders.

The first signs are often quick fatigue and back pain after a long walk.

• External signs of scoliosis 1 degree

Often, grade 1 scoliosis in children and adolescents can only be determined by specialists. The appearance of the disease is indicated by the following external signs: a different level of the shoulders, not a horizontal line of the pelvis, imperfect posture is discernible. Mostly the curvature is directed to the right side of the thoracic region.

The same degree of scoliosis in adults, as a rule, is a consequence of the lack of treatment for children and seemingly invisible, but is diagnosed by fluoroscopy.

Stages

Scoliosis of 1 degree is the initial stage of the disease, and there are 4 of them, depending on the value of the angle of deviation of the spine from the axis:

• 2nd - a more pronounced bend (11º-25º), asymmetry is obvious, pain is present;
• 3rd - the angle is 26º-50º, regular back pain, noticeable asymmetrical arrangement of the shoulder blades and shoulders;
• 4th - curvature of the spine exceeds 50º, the torso is deformed: on the one side, the ribs are raised, on the other there is a depression.

[9]

Forms

All scoliosis is divided into several types depending on the location, shape, factors that provoke their appearance, the time of symptoms, clinical course, etc. Among them are the following:

• idiopathic scoliosis of the first degree - the most common form that develops in the first years of a child’s life, with the causes of appearance not identified until now;
• Grade 1 dysplastic scoliosis is a pathology associated with disorders of the lumbosacral spine - usually the 5th and 1st spinal cords, respectively. Often the deformity is found in children 8-10 years old, it tends to progress. Over time, a more severe form of loss of sensitivity, curvature of the toes, incontinence, noticeable deformity in the thoracic region, a noticeable weakness of the muscular system;
• non-fixed or unstable scoliosis of 1 degree - relieving the load on the spine (in a horizontal position) smooths the curvature, reduces the angle;
• fixed scoliosis of 1 degree - the angle of deviation of the spine from the axis is the same both standing and lying;
• structural scoliosis of 1 degree - lateral curvature with an offset around the axis. Often, an alignment of the thoracic lordosis is observed. At this stage, the deformation is noticeable only to a specialist;
• thoracic scoliosis of 1 degree - the defect is localized in the thoracic region, the apex of the bend accounts for 8-9 vertebrae. The causes of scoliosis of the thoracic department of 1 degree most often include improper sitting of children at a desk, computer, carrying weight in one hand, sleeping on one side;
• lumbar scoliosis of 1 degree - is expressed in the lumbar localization of the flexure of the vertebrae (1-2 levels). At this stage of development has mild external signs;
• thoracolumbar scoliosis of 1 degree - has a peak of curvature at the level of 11-12 (lowermost) thoracic vertebrae;
• cervical scoliosis of 1 degree - touches the upper spine. Visually not detected, doesn’t bother, although with its progression, dizziness, inhibition of reactions, sleep disturbance, unevenness of the shoulder line appear;
• left-sided scoliosis of 1 degree - the arch of the spine is curved to the left, most often detected in schoolchildren;
• right-sided scoliosis of 1 degree - the curvature is directed to the right, has a tendency to rapidly aggravate;
• S-shaped scoliosis of 1 degree - has 2 arcs of curvature, most often develops in the thoracic and upper lumbar spine;
• C-shaped scoliosis of 1 degree - arcuate scoliosis, deformity is directed only in one direction - right or left;
• Z-shaped - with three bends, is very rare.

Complications and consequences

Launched further development of scoliosis of 1 degree is fraught with stable fixation of the pathological form, with a transition to more severe stages, the consequence of which is a strong asymmetry of the spine, up to the appearance of a hump, increasing pain, and rapid fatigue. In the future, there is a threat to other organs and systems. There are complications associated with a decrease in the chest, affecting the lungs and the heart. Strong deformations not only spoil the quality of life, but also reduce it.

Diagnostics of the scoliosis 1 degree

The doctor can diagnose the disease during an external examination. To do this, the patient leans, hands freely lowered. Scoliosis "gives out" a protruding rib or a scapula rising on one side, pelvic distortion, and with a cervical - a deformity of the skull, the location of the ears on a different line.

To determine the magnitude of the curvature, its classification by various characteristics, instrumental diagnostics is necessary. In this sense, the most informative methods are x-rays, MRI, CT.

X-ray scoliosis is carried out standing and lying in several projections. It is also necessary to determine the angle of curvature or "Cobb angle" - the name of the orthopedist who developed this technique.

[10], [11], [12], [13]

Differential diagnosis

Differentiation of scoliosis of 1 degree is carried out with its more severe forms, as well as kyphosis by, lordosis.

[14], [15], [16], [17]

Treatment of the scoliosis 1 degree

Scoliosis of 1 degree is not harmful to health, but requires treatment to stop further pathological changes. Is it possible to cure scoliosis of 1 degree? Yes, in childhood it can be done. The sooner you begin to influence the spinal column and muscles, the faster its correction will occur. How much time it takes depends on the specific case and systematic efforts.

The spine forms up to 18, less often to 25 years. Most often, scoliosis progresses during its growth, so a first degree in an adult requires only supportive measures.

The main therapeutic measures for treating pathology are physiotherapy exercises (exercise therapy) and other physical methods that can be performed at home.

Physiotherapy

In the physiotherapy arsenal, there are various methods of treating scoliosis, including: shock-wave, laser, reflexotherapy, etc.

But one of the most effective methods for pediatric and adolescent scoliosis of the 1 st degree is physiotherapy exercises (physical therapy), which allows to form a correct posture, restore body symmetry, strengthen the muscular frame.

Exercises for scoliosis of 1 degree for children are divided into 3 main groups: in a standing position, lying (on the stomach, back), on all fours.

The first includes:

• walking in a circle;
• standing, inhaling hands to raise up, legs on toes, stretch, drop, exhale;
• the same, but the legs stand firmly on the floor;
• one arm goes down along the body as much as possible, the other is bent at the elbow and rises up (hands alternate);
• tilts in one direction with the hand wound behind the back, the upper limb of the opposite side stretches upwards and vice versa.

Exercises lying face down:

• lift and pull up the head, upper torso and arms, then lower;
• the same, but with the hand lift the opposite leg.

On the back:

• hands behind your head, feet imitate cycling;
• legs do the exercise "scissors".

Standing on all fours, you need:

• raise your left arm and right leg at the same time, then change to others;
• on your knees in the slope to stretch your body and hands as far as possible;
• arch back, return to its original position with its sagging.

There are other specially designed to get rid of scoliosis, based on basic exercises. For teens and adults there are more complex, they can be found on video. When sedentary work, they warm up sitting, if there is no possibility to interrupt gymnastics: lift shoulders to head, make bends to shoulders, forward, backward, circular movements around the neck.

[18], [19]

Massage for scoliosis of 1 degree

Relieve muscle tension, tone up too relaxed, reduce the arc of curvature will be able course of massage, consisting of 10-15 sessions. It is shown for both adults and children. Massage with scoliosis of 1 degree will have a reflex effect on muscle tissue by grinding, kneading, stroking, vibration.

Manual therapy for scoliosis of 1 degree

It is used in conjunction with other orthopedic measures to align the spine. Manual therapy for scoliosis of 1 degree will help to put the displaced vertebrae in the correct position. After a light massage, the methods of stretching and twisting of the vertebrae are applied, the procedure is completed with a toning massage. It is important to trust a good professional, so as not to harm.

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Correctional therapy

An effective means to combat scoliosis and prevent its further development is correctional therapy. To do this, use special corsets for the spine. They are supporting and corrective.

What proofreader is needed at an early stage of the disease? It is the first ones that are effective for scoliosis of 1 degree for leveling posture and preventing further deformation. Their design provides convenience and ease of wearing, stealth under clothing.

There are several types of supporting corsets. Among them are reclinators consisting of thick elastic belts, chest and thoracolumbar corsets, made of more rigid materials.

One of the tools that help with scoliosis of 1 degree should be a mattress for sleeping: not soft and not too hard, but of semi-rigid type. It should provide maximum comfort, relieve muscle tension, prevent the spine from bending.

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Sport with scoliosis of 1 degree

Lack of movement contributes to the development of incorrect posture. It would seem that any sport will help with scoliosis of 1 degree, but this is not quite so. Children with such a diagnosis are not recommended to engage in rhythmic gymnastics, figure skating, weightlifting, jogging, but only fortifying sports.

Swimming, exercises on a horizontal bar, yoga is very useful, especially such a direction as hatha yoga, which allows you to relax the body, restore mental balance, put your thoughts in order.

Is it possible to do physical exercise with scoliosis of 1 degree? Yes, this is not a reason not to go to physical education classes and engage in the basic program of the so-called preparatory health group, but it is impossible to participate in competitions for “results”, marathons.

Surgery

Scoliosis of 1 degree does not require surgery.

Diet for scoliosis 1 degree

For more effective treatment of scoliosis, it is necessary that the diet contains a variety of foods that provide the body with essential nutrients. This is not a special diet, but food should consist of such food groups:

• meat, fish and other high in protein, because in metabolism, they break down into amino acids, which are the "building material" for muscles;
• fruits, vegetables - source of vitamins and minerals;
• milk, cottage cheese, cheese - calcium suppliers;
• potatoes, grains - contain various trace elements, give energy.

Prevention

Preventive measures aimed at preventing the development of scoliosis, include constant monitoring of posture, a healthy lifestyle, alternating physical exertion with rest, proper selection of a mattress and pillows for sleep.

It is categorically contraindicated to carry heavy loads, “hover” in one static pose, to get involved in asymmetrical sports.

Forecast

In most cases, the prognosis for scoliosis of 1 degree is favorable. The main thing is to identify it in time and not to ignore it at the stage of skeleton formation in childhood and adolescence.

There are several degrees of fitness for her passing: “A” - ideally healthy draftees, “B” - those with scoliosis of I degree, etc. Category "B" is not a basis for exemption from military service.

Also, young people can pass it under contract, with the diagnosis and take to the police.

[22], [23], [24]