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Prevention of allergic rhinitis
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025
Primary prevention
Primary prevention is carried out primarily in children from the risk group (with a burdened heredity for atopic diseases).
Primary prevention measures
- Diet for pregnant women. In case of allergic reactions, highly allergenic foods are excluded from the diet.
- Elimination of occupational hazards from the first month of pregnancy.
- Use of medicines only according to strict indications.
- Stopping active and passive smoking as a factor contributing to early sensitization of the child.
- Breastfeeding is the most important direction in preventing the implementation of atopic predisposition, which must be maintained at least until the 4th-6th month of life. It is advisable to exclude whole cow's milk from the child's diet. It is not recommended to introduce complementary foods before 4 months.
- Elimination procedures.
Secondary prevention
Secondary prevention is aimed at preventing the manifestation of allergic rhinitis in sensitized children.
Secondary prevention measures
- Environmental monitoring.
- Preventive treatment with antihistamines.
- Allergen-specific immunotherapy.
- Prevention of respiratory infections as allergy triggers.
- Educational programs.
Tertiary prevention
The main goal of tertiary prevention is to prevent severe allergic rhinitis. Reduction in the frequency and duration of exacerbations is achieved with the most effective and safe drugs, as well as the elimination of allergens. It is recommended to carry out preventive treatment with intranasal glucocorticoids 1 month before the expected pollen season (in children from 12 years of age).
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