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Pain during menstruation
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Pain during menstruation worries most women, but not all, which gives reason to consider the presence of soreness as a sign of any violation in the body. The menstrual cycle is always the preparation of the body for pregnancy, so it is quite natural to assume how serious hormonal changes occur in it. After the ovum has not been fertilized, all preparations for pregnancy are given off, and the body rejects excess mucous blood along with the blood, calms the riot of hormones and again rebuilds into a daily routine.
At the heart of painful menstrual can lie just a few reasons. In order to establish the true of them, it is necessary to conduct a survey, including the important role played by the fact - whether the woman had birth or not. The fact is that algomenorea, is divided into two forms - primary and secondary. Primary is associated, as time, with a riot of prostaglandin hormones, and secondary - is due to the presence of serious diseases that occur in women who have a history of childbirth or abortive interventions.
[What causes pain during menstruation?
Some reasons have already been mentioned above, for which painful menstruation occurs, but the mechanism of the development of pain is still incomprehensible. Uterus, like any other organ, contains in its walls nerve fibers and many pain receptors. During the period of the month, the muscular walls of the uterus begin to contract strongly, in order to eject all unnecessary and superfluous from the cavity, including mucus, epithelial cells, clots and so on. Here during such cuts there is pain, which indicates the irritation of the nerve endings of the pain receptors.
In such cases, the pain will be aching, arising a day or two before the onset of menstruation, intensifying on the day of onset and gradually disappearing by the end of the second day, when uterine contractions will gradually decrease. Painful sensations in this period are not the only thing that darkens the mood of a woman. Swelling of the mammary glands and increasing the sensitivity of the nipples, can also be painful. Lumbago and general malaise complete the picture.
Some note increased fatigue, headaches, irritability and sudden mood swings. All these manifestations can be called quite natural, they are caused by a temporary hormonal imbalance. After the monthly stops, everything again falls into place.
However, the matter would not be so serious if everything were limited only to painfulness or unpleasant pain symptoms. Most women experience severe pain episodes a few days before menstruation, continuing to increase in the first days of their onset. Such attacks can be accompanied by even a loss of consciousness, especially in women with a low pain threshold. Nausea and vomiting, severe headaches lead to the fact that the general condition does not allow for the usual activities and for the period of menstruation, such women are forced to adhere to bed rest.
Kohl noted pain during menstruation, leading to the brink of loss of consciousness, you need to look for the cause in a serious pelvic disease. It can be:
- endometriosis or endometritis;
- Adhesive process in the cavity of the small pelvis or in the abdominal cavity;
- myomatous nodes and cystic formations;
- polyps;
- intrauterine contraceptives.
Who to contact?
Diagnostic measures
An appeal to a gynecologist will make it possible to accurately establish the correct diagnosis and to identify the reason why such a natural process as menstruation is painful.
Doctors of gynecological departments use highly effective diagnostic methods, in the forefront of which it is worth noting laparoscopy. With the help of a laparoscope, under general anesthesia, the doctor penetrates directly into the cavity of the small pelvis, through three small punctures in the abdominal wall, and can estimate the condition of all organs with his own eyes, because the image is displayed on the monitor of medical equipment. In addition, you can not only detect, but, if possible, immediately eliminate the cause of the "malfunction."
Before recommending laparoscopy, the doctor will certainly prescribe a procedure for examination by ultrasound. In most cases, the informative nature of this method is more than sufficient to establish a correct diagnosis and additional instrumental diagnostic methods are not required.
In addition to ultrasound and laparoscopy, there are also methods of hysterosalpingography and diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity, in order to obtain results of analysis of the parietal endometrium.
In addition to instrumental diagnostic methods, a blood test is performed to refine the indicators of all important hormones, general and clinical indicators.
After the diagnosis is made, the treatment of the underlying disease begins, while observing the degree of manifestation of the pain syndrome. If the pain during the months before the start of treatment was more intense, and after the start of treatment and its completion, menstruation began to flow less painfully, then the right way was chosen.
Preventive treatment
To say exactly how the treatment of the underlying disease that caused morbidity in menstruation will take place is quite difficult, because this case is purely individual. We can only assume that among the drugs will be predominant anti-inflammatory, and in the form of antibiotics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antispasmodic drugs, immunostimulants and hormonal drugs.
The choice of medicines, which in turn merge into a large number of pharmacological groups, allow you to select unusual combinations of drugs that individually have one effect, and in the joint application - another. The choice of the therapeutic algorithm directly depends on the situation, it is easier to orientate yourself in the doctor who has all the diagnostic data before his eyes.
It is possible to give the following recommendations. Adhere to a certain rhythm of life, choose the right and rational nutrition, not overloaded with fatty and heavy food, exercise regularly, which makes the pelvic floor muscles train, which in turn improves blood circulation in the uterus and increases its nutrition.
It is enough to spend twenty minutes in the morning to charge, to ensure the maximum flow of blood, rich in oxygen to all organs, and squats and circular movements of the pelvis strengthen the work of the pelvic muscles, which is very useful for the uterus and ovaries.
Pain during menstruation will be less intense if the heat is provided by the lower abdomen. For this purpose, you can use both a classic heating pad and a simple polyethylene bottle from under the mineral water, which can be filled with plain warm water and put on the bottom of the stomach.