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Haemophilus influenzae vaccination
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a common pathogen causing severe infections, mainly in children under 6 years of age. In Russia and Ukraine, Hib infection has been registered since 2007, but the number of reports is insignificant, primarily due to special requirements for microbiological diagnostics. The mortality rate for Hib meningitis reaches 15-20%, and 35% develop persistent CNS defects. Of complicated pneumonias, Haemophilus influenzae infection causes 10-24%, and more than 50% of epiglottitis. Haemophilus influenzae infection in children also causes cellulitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis.
Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae is recommended in all national calendars. WHO notes that "lack of data on incidence should not be a reason for delaying the introduction of Hib vaccines." Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae is carried out in 170 countries, having virtually eliminated meningitis and bacteremia cases caused by Haemophilus influenzae, and reduced the incidence of severe pneumonia by 20% (in Chile from 5.0 to 3.9 per 1000). Hib vaccination is recommended by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, where it is possible. In Europe, in 1998, WHO set the goal of "reducing the incidence of infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in the region to <1 per 100,000 population by 2010 or earlier."
Hib vaccines registered in Russia
| Vaccine | Compound |
| Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate dry vaccine - Russia, Rostov-on-Don | In 1 dose (0.5 ml) 10 mcg of capsular polysaccharide H. influenzae b, 20 mcg of tetanus toxoid. Stabilizer - sucrose 50 mg. |
| Act-Hib - Sanofi Pasteur, France | 1 dose (0.5 ml) contains 10 mcg of capsular polysaccharide of H. influenzae b, conjugated with tetanus toxoid. Does not contain preservatives or antibiotics |
| HYBERIX - Glaxo SmithKine, England | 1 dose (0.5 ml) contains 10 mcg of H. influenzae type b polysaccharide conjugated with tetanus toxoid (30 mcg). Does not contain preservatives or antibiotics. |
| Kimn-Hib - Eber Biotech, Cuba (pending registration) | In 1 dose (0.5 ml) 10 mcg of synthetic oligosaccharides, conjugated with tetanus toxoid (26 mcg) - fragments of the polysaccharide of the capsule of H. influenzae b. Contains 0.025 mg of thimerosal, phosphate buffer |
[ Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae: Hib vaccines
Three Hib vaccines are registered in Russia, and a Cuban vaccine is in the registration phase. The Hib component is also contained in Pentaxim.
Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae is carried out starting from the age of 3 months three times together with DPT, HBV and IPV (administered separately, but Hiberix can be administered in one syringe with Infanrix) revaccination 12 months after the 3rd vaccination. When starting vaccination at the age of 6-12 months, 2 doses are sufficient with an interval of 1-2 months with revaccination at 18 months, at the age of 1-5 years, 1 injection is sufficient. Tetanus toxoid, which is included as a protein conjugate in Hib vaccines, does not create immunity to tetanus. Prophylactic efficacy is 95-100%. The protective antibody titer lasts for at least 4 years.
Vaccination reactions and contraindications
Reactions are weak: hyperemia and induration (<10% of those vaccinated), temperature >38.0° (1%). Complications are extremely rare, 4 cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome have been described, of which 1 child also received DPT. The vaccines have no special contraindications.
Contraindications to vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae are hypersensitivity to vaccine components, especially tetanus toxoid, as well as a strong reaction to a previous injection. HIV infection is not a contraindication to the administration of Hib vaccine.
Attention!
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Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.