Inhalations with Berodual for cough, fever and bronchitis: dosage

A popular medicine used to treat breathing problems due to bronchial spasms is Berodual. Let's consider the method of its use, dosage.

Berodual has earned recognition from both doctors and patients. It contains effective active ingredients that have a rapid therapeutic effect. It belongs to the pharmacological group of drugs used to treat obstructive respiratory diseases.

The medication contains two components: ipratropium bromide and fenoterol. Their interaction normalizes the secretion of bronchial glands, improves bronchial drainage, and has an anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect. Both active substances have different therapeutic properties, but enhance each other's action.

Can Berodual be used for inhalation?

Berodual has a bronchodilator composition and is a beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant. It should be used to treat bronchial and lung diseases in children and adults. The drug is used in the form of inhalations.

The complex composition of the drug provides a comprehensive effect on the lesion. After using the drug, coughing fits are reduced, breathing improves and wheezing disappears. Berodual is a prescription drug, so it should be used only as prescribed by a doctor.

Berodual - hormonal or not?

One of the main advantages of Berodual over other anti-asthmatic drugs is that it does not contain hormonal components and does not affect the hormonal balance in the patient's body.

The medication contains the following substances:

• Fenoterol is a beta-adrenergic agonist that promotes relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bronchi and small vessels. It disrupts the activity of histamines and enhances the functions of the ciliated epithelium.
• Ipratropium bromide is an atropine derivative with local anticholinergic properties. Prevents bronchial constriction when exposed to tobacco smoke and cold air. Normalizes the functioning of the bronchial glands and their secretion.

Since the drug does not have hormonal properties and begins to act immediately after use, it is safe for pediatric patients. When prescribed by a doctor, it can be used during pregnancy and lactation.

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Indications Berodual

Berodual is recommended for the treatment and prevention of chronic obstructive airway disorders:

• Asthma.
• Allergic and endogenous bronchial asthma.
• Chronic obstructive bronchitis with and without emphysema.
• Bronchopulmonary diseases with bronchospasms.
• Bronchial hypersensitivity.
• Suffocating cough of unknown etiology.
• Allergic cough.

The drug is also used to prepare the respiratory tract for aerosol administration of other medications: antibiotics, mucolytics, corticosteroids and other agents.

When coughing

The drug is a bronchodilator. Its active components relax the muscles of the respiratory system. Due to this, Berodual is effective in the symptomatic treatment of both wet and dry cough. The active ingredients penetrate well into the mucous membrane of the respiratory system, providing a quick therapeutic effect.

• Ipratropium bromide is a member of the anticholinergic group of drugs and affects the smooth muscles of the bronchi. Reduces the severity of reflex bronchial constriction, facilitates breathing.

• Feloterol is an active substance from the adrenoreceptor group. It improves the breathing process by relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchi. It is especially effective in bronchitis of various etiologies.

The interaction of the components of the medication and their inhalation use allows for the rapid relief of acute coughing attacks of any origin in both children and adults.

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For wet and dry cough

The beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant is effective in treating various types of cough of extensive etiology. That is, Berodual is prescribed for diseases with both dry and wet cough.

The active ingredients of the drug affect the muscles of the respiratory system, relieve their increased tone. Reduce the reflex stimulus that enters the cough center of the brain.

The drug relieves spasms in the trachea and bronchi, normalizes mucus secretion in the bronchi and dilates the bronchial ducts. Due to this, the muscles of the respiratory system relax, the coughing fit decreases, and phlegm is removed from the bronchi and trachea.

For bronchitis

One of the indications for inhalations with Berodual is the symptomatic treatment of bronchitis, its obstructive and chronic forms.

Bronchitis is an inflammatory lesion of the respiratory system, especially the bronchi. This disease is very often a complication of colds and is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical help.

Berodual is recommended for use in complex therapy of bronchitis simultaneously with expectorants, mucolytics, antibiotics. Inhalations quickly relieve painful symptoms and speed up the recovery process.

For laryngitis

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the larynx caused by viral or infectious pathogens is laryngitis. Most often, this disease occurs in children, causing acute damage to the larynx and initial sections of the trachea.

Berodual is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of various forms of laryngitis. Its active ingredients facilitate the breathing process, preventing attacks of suffocation. The dosage and duration of therapy are determined by the attending physician, individually for each patient.

In combination with anti-inflammatory drugs, the medicine prevents the development of laryngotracheitis and other complications of the disease.

For asthma

Bronchial asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases. It manifests itself in periodic attacks of suffocation, when a person catches his breath and cannot inhale.

One of the methods for eliminating painful asthma symptoms is inhalation with Berodual. The instructions for the drug indicate that it can be used for asthmatic pathologies. Inhalation of its active substances helps to relax bronchial and vascular smooth muscles, prevents stimulation of bronchoconstriction.

For inhalations, you can use an aerosol can or a nebulizer. In the latter case, the medicine is diluted with saline solution so as not to provoke the development of side effects of the drug.

For tracheitis

Tracheitis is a disease of the ENT organs with pronounced inflammatory reactions in the mucous membrane of the trachea. The pathology occurs with a dry, tearing cough, pain in the throat and in the chest area. If the painful condition is left without proper treatment, tracheitis will develop into tracheobronchitis, the treatment of which is more complex and lengthy.

Berodual is an effective inhalation drug that should be used to eliminate the symptoms of tracheitis. It stops coughing fits, makes breathing easier, and has a combined bronchodilator effect.

Inhalations are recommended to be performed using a nebulizer. The solution is mixed with sodium chloride in the proportions prescribed by the doctor. The procedures are performed 1-2 times a day. The duration of symptomatic therapy should not exceed 5 days.

At temperature

Inhalation of berodual does not involve exposure of the body to hot steam. Based on this, elevated body temperature is not a contraindication for inhalation.

The procedures are prohibited if the temperature is accompanied by an acute feverish condition and causes the patient to faint. In other cases, the treatment relieves painful symptoms, improves breathing and general well-being.

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For pneumonia

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung tissue. The disease is accompanied by coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. The basis of its treatment is antibacterial drugs. Patients are also prescribed symptomatic therapy, for example, inhalation use of drugs that improve drainage of the bronchopulmonary system.

Berodual effectively relieves spasms of the respiratory organs, liquefies sputum and promotes its discharge in pneumonia. The medicine is used for inhalation administration using a nebulizer. Very often, the bronchodilator is combined with mucolytic and other drugs.

For a runny nose

A runny nose is a symptom of many diseases. One of the effective methods of eliminating it is inhalation with a nebulizer. Berodual has no direct indications for the treatment of a runny nose and is not recommended for use only for this symptom. For treatment, it is better to consult a doctor and select safe vasoconstrictor drops, aerosols.

But if the runny nose appears against the background of acute respiratory viral infection, bronchitis or obstructive airway obstruction, then inhalations not only help to expand the bronchi, but also facilitate nasal breathing.

For allergies

Every day, respiratory diseases caused by allergic components are increasingly diagnosed: acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, bronchitis with asthmatic components, allergic rhinitis, etc. The appearance of these diseases indicates a pathological predisposition of the body to allergens.

For example, allergic bronchitis occurs with allergy symptoms and acute inflammation in the bronchi. The respiratory tract is affected after contact with the causative factor. Symptoms include paroxysmal dry cough with wheezing and subfebrile body temperature. If bronchospasm develops due to allergens, severe shortness of breath and an acute attack of suffocation occur.

Such symptoms require emergency treatment. For this purpose, it is recommended to use bronchodilators, i.e. beta-adrenergic receptor stimulants. This pharmacological group includes Berodual. Inhalation administration of the drug has the following effect on the body:

• Promotes relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bronchi.
• Expands the bronchi and makes breathing easier.
• Prevents the release of inflammatory mediators.
• Relieves bronchospasms caused by various allergens (cold air, tobacco smoke, the smell of household chemicals, etc.).

Before using the inhalation agent, make sure there are no allergic reactions to its components. The dosage of the drug depends on the individual characteristics of the patient's body, so it is selected by the attending physician.

Inhalations are performed using an aerosol spacer or nebulizer. In the first case, 1-2 injections are enough to relieve pathological symptoms. When using a nebulizer, the bronchodilator is diluted with saline (1-2 ml of the drug per 2-3 ml of sodium chloride) and inhaled. The procedures can be performed up to 3-4 times a day.

For lung cancer

One of the signs of lung cancer is difficulty breathing and obstruction of the airways. Due to the malignant process, the patient accumulates sputum, which is difficult to cough up. Inhalations with Berodual are recommended to alleviate the pathological condition.

The active ingredients of the drug effectively expand the bronchi and improve breathing. Inhalations are carried out 2-3 times a day using a nebulizer or aerosol can.

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Release form

Berodual is available in several forms:

• Solution
• Drops
• Aerosol

For a nebulizer, use a solution/drops. The bottle has a capacity of 2 ml (40 drops). Each milliliter of the drug contains 250 mcg of ipratropium bromide and 500 mcg of fenoterol.

The aerosol form is especially popular. Berodual is available in the form of disposable 20 ml inhalers (200 doses), which are most often prescribed to patients with bronchial asthma. The inhaler is convenient to carry with you and use when a painful attack occurs.

Solution for inhalation

This form of release is one of the most popular. The solution is used for inhalations with a pronounced bronchodilator effect in diseases of the respiratory system. A nebulizer is used for the procedure, the mechanism of action of which is based on ultra-fine dispersed spraying of the drug.

Since Berodual is a potent drug, it is not used in its pure form. A physiological solution of sodium chloride is used to dilute it. The proportions of all components are determined by the doctor.

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Drops for inhalation

In addition to the solution and aerosol, the drug is available in the form of a 20 ml dropper bottle. Drops are used for inhalation administration using a nebulizer. The advantage of the drop form is that it allows you to easily measure the dosage required for treatment. Thus, adults are prescribed 10 drops per 3-4 ml of saline, and for children 2-4 drops per 3-4 ml of sodium chloride.

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Aerosol and spray for inhalation

Berodual aerosol cans are especially popular with patients. The convenient form of release allows you to carry the drug with you and use it when the first painful symptoms appear.

The inhaler gives an instant result. The active components of the drug penetrate deep into the respiratory tract and relieve asthma attacks. One injection of the drug is enough to relieve painful symptoms. The aerosol is used 3-4 times a day.

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Spacer for inhalation

One of the forms of the drug is a spacer, i.e. a metered-dose aerosol inhaler. The device is a metal canister with a metering valve and a mouthpiece. The spacer contains 10 ml of the drug, i.e. about 200 doses (injections).

The advantage of the inhaler is that it can always be carried with you. The bottle does not take up much space and is at hand if necessary. The inhalation route of aerosol administration delivers the active substances directly to the lesion. Due to this, the therapeutic effect develops over a short period of time.

Composition of berodual

Berodual contains the following substances: ipratropium bromide, fenoterol hydrobromide and auxiliary components: benzalkonium chloride, sodium edetate, sodium chloride, concentrated hydrochloric acid, purified water. 1 ml of solution contains ipratropium bromide 261 mcg and fenoterol hydrobromide 500 mcg.

Pharmacodynamics

The inhalation agent contains two active components, the interaction of which determines the pharmacodynamics of the drug.

• Ipratropium bromide

Quaternary ammonium compound with parasympatholytic properties. Inhibits vagal reflexes, prevents an increase in the intracellular concentration of Ca ++, which occurs due to the reaction of acetylcholine with muscarinic receptors of smooth muscles. When inhaled, it affects the tissues of the respiratory system, dilates the bronchi, and facilitates breathing.

• Fenoterol hydrobromide

Direct sympathomimetic that selectively stimulates beta 2-adrenoreceptors. High concentrations of this substance cause stimulation of beta 1-adrenoreceptors. Promotes relaxation of bronchial and vascular smooth muscles. Prevents stimulation of bronchoconstriction from cold air and other irritants. Has a local anti-inflammatory effect.

The simultaneous use of two active bronchodilators promotes rapid expansion of the bronchi. It has a combined spasmolytic effect on the bronchial muscles. This allows Berodual to be used in the treatment of a wide range of bronchopulmonary diseases and airway obstruction.

How does berodual for inhalation work?

The beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant has a combined composition and has the following properties:

• Improves bronchial drainage.
• Stimulates the secretion of bronchial glands.
• It has anti-inflammatory properties.
• Relieves spasms of smooth muscles of the respiratory organs.
• Liquefies the mucous barrier that accumulates during spasm.
• Eliminates shortness of breath when exhaling.
• Reduces alveolar edema.

After inhalation, coughing is relieved, breathing improves and calms down, wheezing disappears. In case of bacterial infection, the medicine is supplemented with antibacterial therapy. Berodual prevents spastic attacks of various etiologies and effectively stops local inflammatory processes.

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Pharmacokinetics

The therapeutic effect of Berodual is achieved by its inhalation administration, i.e. through local action on the respiratory tract. The pharmacokinetics of the drug is based on the pharmacological properties of its active substances.

• Fenoterol hydrobromide - some of this substance is swallowed and metabolized to sulfate conjugates. Bioavailability with oral administration is about 1.5%. With inhalation, about 1% of the drug is excreted by the kidneys in the form of free fenoterol. The total bioavailability of inhaled doses of fenoterol hydrobromide is 7%.

• Ipratropium bromide - after inhalation, the cumulative renal excretion of this component is 3-13%. Total and systemic bioavailability is 2% and 10-28%. Part of the ipratropium bromide is absorbed, which does not affect its systemic effect on the body. The half-life of the drug is about 1.6 hours.

After inhalation of Berodual, about 10-39% of the dose taken settles in the lungs, and the rest remains in the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract and on the tip of the inhaler.

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Dosing and administration

A bronchodilator drug is one of the most frequently prescribed for patients with bronchospasms caused by bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma and other diseases of the bronchopulmonary system.

Inhalations for adults improve breathing and stop coughing fits, normalize the drainage function of the bronchi and eliminate wheezing. If the disease is caused by a bacterial infection, the treatment is supplemented with antibacterial therapy. The drug is used regardless of food intake.

If a nebulizer is used for inhalation, the dosage for adults for bronchospasms of various etiologies is 1-2.5 ml of bronchodilator per 3-4 ml of saline. For asthma prevention, 0.1-0.2 ml of the drug per 2-3 ml of saline. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease.

All forms of Berodual are intended for inhalation use only; the drug is not used orally. The solution is used using various models of nebulizers. The concentration of active components depends on the power and efficiency of the device.

The dosage and duration of therapy depend on the patient’s age and indications for use of the drug:

• Adults and children over 12 years old – for bronchospasms of various etiologies, 1-2.5 ml of Berodual per 3-4 ml of saline solution. For asthma prevention, 0.1-0.2 ml of the drug per 2-3 ml of saline solution.
• Children from 6 to 12 years old – for the treatment of acute asthma attacks, use 0.5-2.0 ml per 3-4 ml of saline. In other cases, 0.1-0.2 ml of the drug per 2-3 ml of saline.
• Children under 6 years of age (body weight less than 22 kg) – 0.1 ml/kg diluted with saline solution to a total volume of 3-4 ml.

It is contraindicated to dilute the bronchodilator with distilled water. The prepared solution should be used immediately after preparation. Any remaining medication should be destroyed.

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Berodual for inhalation for children

The bronchodilator is effective in treating respiratory diseases in children. It is prescribed for bronchitis, tracheitis, asthma, laryngitis and other pathologies in which the patient experiences breathing difficulties due to bronchial spasms.

Berodual is prescribed for children aged 6 to 12 years (weight over 22 kg). Depending on the child's age, inhalations are carried out through a nebulizer or an aerosol can. The dosage of the drug (0.1 ml/kg) and the duration of its use depend on the severity of the disease. Very often, the drug is combined with other drugs for a complex effect on the body.

Inhalations with Berodual for children under one year old are possible only under strict medical indications. Most often, the drug is prescribed for broncho-obstructive syndrome, which occurs in 30-50% of babies in the first year of life. Inhalations are effective for acute respiratory viral infections, allergic reactions to artificial feeding, cough and other pathologies.

To relieve an acute condition, Berodual is used with a nebulizer (4-6 drops of the drug with 2 ml of saline). A non-invasive method of delivering bronchodilator components to the body, it helps to quickly restore the patency of the bronchial tree and oxygen saturation in the blood. Berodual can be used as an emergency aid for acute broncho-obstructive syndrome.

Use Berodual during pregnancy

According to the instructions, Berodual is not recommended for use in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Its use in the second trimester and during lactation is possible only on medical prescription.

Restrictions on the use of this inhalation agent are related to the fact that fenoterol has an inhibitory effect on the contractile functions of the uterus. Because of this, the use of the drug in high doses in the late stages of gestation has a negative effect on the condition of the baby.

Fenoterol hydrobromide also penetrates into breast milk. When prescribing the drug to lactating women, the doctor may stop breastfeeding for the duration of treatment. In this case, both active substances do not affect the patient's fertility.

Contraindications

Like any medicine, Berodual has a number of contraindications for use. Inhalations are not carried out in case of individual intolerance to fenoterol hydrobromide, atropine-like substances or other components of the drug. The bronchodilator is prohibited for patients with tachyarrhythmia and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

It should be prescribed with special caution in cases of closed-angle glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease and heart defects.

Only according to strict medical indications with an assessment of potential benefits is it used for hyperthyroidism, prostatic hyperplasia, cystic fibrosis, bladder neck obstruction, during pregnancy and lactation.

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Side effects Berodual

Despite the wide range of medicinal properties, Berodual can cause many side effects:

• Increased systolic and decreased diastolic pressure.
• Supraventricular tachycardia.
• Decreased potassium levels in the blood.
• Swelling of the oral cavity.
• Angioedema.
• Stomatitis.
• Urinary retention.
• General weakness, headaches and dizziness.
• Increased sweating.
• Skin allergic reactions.
• Temporary impairment of visual acuity.
• Violation of intestinal peristalsis.

Most often, the inhaler causes irritation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory system, causing dry mouth. Also, many patients note a slight tremor of the limbs during Berodual therapy.

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Addiction to Berodual

According to the conducted studies and pharmacological properties of the drug, Berodual is not capable of causing addiction. But despite this, many patients note a decrease in its effectiveness with prolonged use, that is, they indicate the development of addiction.

The main signs of addiction include:

• Cessation of the feeling of relief from breathing.
• Coughing fits during inhalation.
• Pain in the bronchi and lungs.

If the above symptoms appear, it is recommended to stop taking the medication. In this case, increasing the dosage of Berodual is not only ineffective, but also dangerous. As an alternative, analogous drugs with a similar mechanism of action are used. After a certain time, the patient can start taking the bronchodilator again.

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Overdose

The severity of overdose symptoms depends on the duration of taking high doses of the drug. Most often, patients experience the following painful reactions:

• Mild dizziness and hot flashes.
• Headache.
• Increased heart rate.
• Anxiety.
• Chest pain.
• Tremor of the limbs.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Hyperglycemia/hypokalemia.
• Metabolic acidosis.
• Dry mouth.

Treatment involves discontinuing the drug, monitoring the acid-base and electrolyte balance. In particularly severe cases, intensive therapy is performed with tranquilizers and hospitalization.

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Interactions with other drugs

Successful treatment of any disease involves the use of several drugs that provide a comprehensive therapeutic effect. Particular attention when drawing up a treatment plan is paid to the interaction of all medications. Berodual is very often prescribed in combination with other drugs, which can either enhance each other's action or, conversely, inhibit it.

An increase in the therapeutic effect and an increased risk of side effects is possible when Berodual interacts with the following drugs:

• Other beta-adrenergic and anticholinergic agents (all routes of administration).
• Xanthine derivatives.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids.
• MAO inhibitors.
• Tricyclic antidepressants.

A decrease in the therapeutic effect is observed when used with beta-blockers. For patients with endocrine pathologies, it should be taken into account that inhalations reduce the hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic drugs.

What happens if you drink berodual?

If a patient accidentally drinks Berodual intended for inhalation, the first thing to do is to wash out the stomach or try to induce vomiting. Activated carbon is also recommended at a rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of the patient's weight.

In most cases, oral administration of a bronchial beta2-adrenoreceptor stimulant does not cause acute symptoms. However, if tremors of the extremities, a sharp deterioration in general health and other pathological signs appear, an ambulance should be called immediately.

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Storage conditions

All forms of Berodual should be stored in the original packaging, protected from sunlight, moisture and out of reach of children. The optimal storage temperature is no higher than 25 °C. Violation of these conditions may lead to premature deterioration of the medicine.

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Shelf life

According to the instructions, the inhalation product must be used within 36 months from the date of manufacture. The production date is indicated on the packaging of the drug. Opened bottles of Berodual, if the storage conditions are met, can be used until the official expiration date. It should also be taken into account that the medication is available only with a doctor's prescription.

Reviews

According to numerous patient reviews, Berodual has proven itself in the treatment of a wide range of respiratory pathologies. Inhalations with saline solution are effective in inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract, bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis.

The drug has a bronchodilator effect in allergic reactions, bronchospasms and serious respiratory disorders. A couple of breaths of the drug expands the bronchi, normalizes secretion production, improving the general condition of the patient.

Complex inhalation therapy is quite popular, when in addition to a bronchodilator, mucolytic drugs and other pharmaceutical groups are used. Thanks to this, the recovery process is much faster.