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Indications for the appointment of an analysis for the immune status
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Indications for the appointment of an analysis of the immune status (immunological studies) consider the following diseases and conditions.
- Suspicion for the presence of genetically determined defects of the immune system (primary immunodeficiencies).
- Autoimmune diseases.
- Allergic conditions and diseases.
- Infectious diseases with a protracted and chronic course.
- Suspicion of acquired immunodeficiency.
- Malignant neoplasms.
- Carrying out cytostatic, immunosuppressive and immunomodulating therapy.
- Preparation for serious surgical interventions and complicated post-operative period.
- Survey of recipients before and after organ allografting.
The study of the immune status now includes an evaluation of its following components:
- antigen-specific (humoral and cellular immunity);
- antigen-specific (system of nonspecific resistance of the organism).
In this case, antigen-specific factors include a humoral and cellular immune response. The first is based on the production of antibodies, the second - on the action of activated thymus-dependent lymphocytes (T-lymphocytes). For the immune response of the humoral type, the production of antibodies, which are simultaneously the effectors of the B-link of the immune system, is characteristic. To evaluate this link, studies that characterize the functional activity of the B-link of immunity are used and include the determination of Ig concentrations, the level of antibodies after prophylactic immunization, the identification of the CEC. The cellular type of response is characterized by the production of a large number of antigen-specific activated B and T lymphocytes. The optimal immune response is realized only by the interaction of the humoral and cellular links of immunity.
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