How is anthrax prevented?

Prevention of anthrax is divided into veterinary and medical-sanitary.

The veterinary service carries out detection, timely diagnostics, slaughter of sick animals, epizootological examination of the outbreak, disinfection of corpses, destruction of meat, skins, wool of dead animals, current and final disinfection in the outbreak, develops measures aimed at improving the health of cattle burial grounds, pastures, territories unfavorable for anthrax, as well as planned immunization with live anthrax vaccine of farm animals in unfavorable areas. The complex of medical and sanitary measures includes:

• control over compliance with general sanitary standards during the procurement, storage, transportation and processing of raw materials of animal origin;
• vaccination prophylaxis with a live spore dry capsule-free vaccine - twice as scheduled (in areas where anthrax is unfavorable) and unscheduled (according to epidemiological indications, followed by revaccination annually);
• timely diagnosis, hospitalization and treatment of patients;
• epidemiological surveys of the outbreak, ongoing and final disinfection (4% chloramine);
• It is prohibited to perform post-mortem examinations on patients due to the possibility of contamination with spores.

Persons who come into contact with sick people or animals are given anti-anthrax immunoglobulin and antibacterial drugs for 5 days as a preventive measure. Contacts are monitored for 14 days. The anthrax vaccine is also used.

Schemes for the use of antibacterial drugs in emergency prophylaxis of anthrax

Preparation	Directions for use	Single dose, g	Frequency of use per day	Duration of the course, days
Doxycycline	Inside	0.2	1	7
Rifampicin	«	0.3	2	5
Ampicillin	«	1	3	5
Phenoxymethylpenicillin	«	1	3	5
Ciprofloxacin	«	0.25	2	5
Pefloxacin	«	0.4	2	5
Ofloxacin	«	0.2	2	5

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