Effective pills for vaginal dysbiosis

It is no secret that inside our body there is also life, which is scientifically called microflora. And female genitals are no exception. About 40 different bacteria live and develop productively in them, due to which a certain level of acidity is maintained, corresponding to different life cycles. As long as the balance in the vaginal microflora is maintained, the maintained acidity prevents the development of infectious processes. If there is an imbalance in the microflora, doctors prescribe tablets for vaginal dysbacteriosis, which help effectively fight infections of the genitals and restore normal microflora.

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Indications for vaginal dysbiosis pills.

The absence of bacteria in the vagina can be noted only in newborn girls. But over time, even on the basis of neutral acidity in the internal genital organs, various microorganisms appear, which are mostly harmless, and even useful, since they control the acidity of the vagina and fight pathogenic microbes. 95% of all bacteria living in the vagina are presented in the form of lactobacilli. They produce lactic acid, which maintains the necessary pH level, which in a mature girl or woman fluctuates between 3.8-4.5.

Various reasons can cause a decrease in the number of beneficial lactobacilli, which are eventually replaced by pathogenic microorganisms, causing inflammatory processes first in the vagina, and then in the area of the cervix, urethra, etc. And this is fraught with the development of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system, as well as reproductive dysfunction.

There are many reasons that cause vaginal dysbacteriosis. These include certain diseases, intestinal disorders, severe hypothermia, frequent changes of sexual partners, an incorrect approach to douching, a change in climate zones, and many other reasons.

It turns out that no woman is immune to vaginal dysbacteriosis, which means it makes sense to see a doctor to confirm or refute this diagnosis if there is burning and itching in the area of the internal genital organs, there is quite strong discharge that has a grayish tint and an unpleasant odor, and there is a certain discomfort during sexual intercourse. These symptoms indicate the development of the disease, which is one of the indications for the use of tablets for vaginal dysbacteriosis.

Various tablets and other medicinal forms used for bacterial vaginosis (also known as vaginal dysbacteriosis) also have other indications. They are usually associated with the presence of fungal and other infections in the body or with microflora disorders due to long-term use of certain medications, particularly antibiotics.

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is usually carried out in 2 stages. First, therapy is prescribed using drugs containing an antifungal or antibacterial component that is effective in combating the detected infection, and then measures are taken to normalize the vaginal microflora by supplying the woman's body with the required amount of active lactobacilli.

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Release form

The use of antifungal agents in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis is justified by the fact that a change in the acidic environment of the vagina is an excellent breeding ground for various types of fungi. Fungal infection is difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics and often requires the use of special agents containing components active against certain types of fungi.

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Antifungal drugs for the treatment of vaginal dysbacteriosis

Most often, for vaginal dysbacteriosis against the background of a fungal infection, tablets for vaginal dysbacteriosis are used, such as Fluconazole, Diflucan or Flucostat in the form of capsules with the main active ingredient fluconazole.

The pharmacodynamics of these drugs consists of a destructive effect on fungal cells. They inhibit the production of substances necessary for the growth and reproduction of fungal cells, and also disrupt the integrity of the cell membrane, making it more vulnerable. Thus, the spread of fungal infection slows down, which gradually leads to the death of fungi.

Pharmacokinetics. Fluconazole is well absorbed, penetrating into various biological fluids, while its intake is not tied to food intake. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys. In fact, it does not affect the physiological processes in the liver, which is typical of some antifungal drugs with a different active substance.

Fluconazole tablets have the following contraindications for use:

• individual sensitivity to fluconazole and compounds similar to it in structure,
• age under 3 years,
• Concomitant use of drugs that increase the QT interval on the electrocardiogram.

Caution should be exercised when using these drugs in patients diagnosed with liver or kidney failure, alcohol dependence, or heart rhythm disturbances.

The method of application and dosage of antifungal tablets that help get rid of vaginal dysbacteriosis depend on the severity of the disease. In mild forms, a single dose of 150 ml (3 capsules) is usually sufficient; severe forms may require longer treatment. As a preventive measure to prevent relapses of the disease, fluconazole is used in the same dosage once a month.

Side effects of fluconazole-based drugs include digestive and liver dysfunction, headaches and dizziness, discomfort in the heart area, allergic reactions, and occasionally hair loss.

Fluconazole therapy should be carried out taking into account drug interactions with other drugs.

Overdose of fluconazole is extremely rare, the condition is normalized after a regular gastric lavage.

The shelf life of fluconazole preparations ranges from 2 to 5 years. They retain their properties perfectly at room temperature and do not require special storage conditions.

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Antiseptics and antibiotics for vaginal dysbacteriosis

Despite the fact that long-term use of antibiotics can itself provoke changes in the vaginal microflora, sometimes without their use it is simply impossible to cope with the infectious factor, as a consequence of changes in the acidic environment. To combat pathogenic bacteria inside the female body, tablets, suppositories, ointments and creams are used, which contain an antibacterial component (antibiotic or antiseptic). They are prescribed based on the type of bacterial infection.

There are many names of tablets that are successfully used for vaginal dysbacteriosis, but the most popular are Betadine, Terzhinan, and Clindamycin.

As with antifungal drugs, antibacterial agents work by destroying the cellular structure of bacteria. The death of microorganisms is caused by a disruption in protein production caused by these agents.

"Betadine" is an antiseptic based on a complex of iodine and polyvinylpyrrolidone. It is active against many harmful microorganisms, including fungi and viruses. It is available as a solution, ointment, and vaginal suppositories.

Contraindications for the use of Betadine:

• various disorders of the thyroid gland,
• benign tumor in the thyroid gland area,
• reactions of intolerance to iodine and other components of the drug,
• parallel use of radioactive iodine.

The drug is approved for use from a very young age, but suppository forms are preferably used by adult women who are sexually active. Therapy with the drug during pregnancy and lactation is carried out only according to the doctor's instructions.

In case of bacterial vaginitis, preference is given to suppositories. The acute form of the disease implies therapy for a week. 1 suppository is inserted into the vagina at night, sometimes suppositories are prescribed twice a day. If the disease has become chronic, treatment can last for 2 weeks.

Taking the drug may cause allergic reactions. Such side effects may be a signal that this drug should be replaced with another one.

In case of an overdose of iodine, a metallic taste may be observed in the mouth, salivation increases, and other unpleasant symptoms appear that require discontinuation of the drug and treatment.

It is not advisable to take Betadine in parallel with other antimicrobial agents, as this may reduce the effectiveness of all antiseptics used.

Betadine in suppository form should be stored in a cool place (up to 15 degrees). The shelf life of the drug allows it to be used for 5 years from the date of manufacture.

"Terzhinan" is a gynecological combination drug with pronounced bactericidal and antifungal action. It is produced in the form of vaginal tablets.

The drug has virtually no contraindications except for cases of individual intolerance to its components. Side effects are rare in the form of irritation of the mucous membranes, itching and allergic reactions.

The treatment course with the drug is 10 days, with 1 tablet used per day. Before going to bed, it is slightly soaked and inserted into the vagina at night. It is advisable not to get up in the first 15 minutes.

A special feature of the drug is that therapy with it continues even during menstruation.

The drug is stored for 3 years at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees.

"Clindamycin" is a single-component drug with antimicrobial action (antibiotic). It is available in the form of cream, suppositories, solution, capsules. In gynecology, it has found wide application in the form of ointment and suppositories.

The drug is not used in the first trimester of pregnancy, as well as in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the dosage form. Drug interaction with other drugs such as ampicillin, erythromycin, aminophylline, calcium gluconate, magnesium sulfate, barbiturates, diphenylhydantoin derivatives is undesirable.

Side effects of the drug include possible inflammation of the genitals, reversible changes in blood composition, allergic reactions in the form of itchy rash, etc.

The therapeutic course usually lasts from 3 to 7 days. The suppositories are inserted at night, inserting them as deeply as possible into the vagina.

The drug is effective during the expiration date (3 years) provided it is stored in a room with a temperature no higher than 25 degrees.

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Tablets for vaginal dysbacteriosis, normalizing microflora

In order for the woman's body to be able to prevent the development of pathogenic microflora in the future, it is necessary to replenish the reserves of lactobacilli, which create a protective environment in the vagina. For this purpose, oral or vaginal administration of special preparations containing beneficial bacteria is carried out.

These drugs include: Gynoflor, Vagilak, Ecofemin, Vaginorm C, as well as normoflorins B and L. The most commonly used dosage forms of drugs are vaginal tablets and suppositories.

"Gynoflor" contains the main protective bacteria Lactobacilli acidophili and the hormone extriol, which promotes normal growth and health of the vaginal epithelium. The vaginal mucosa of a healthy woman, in turn, produces substances necessary for the normal functioning of lactobacilli, which secrete lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins, which actively protect the vaginal mucosa from parasitic bacteria. This is the basis for the pharmacodynamics of drugs with live lactobacilli. The creation of normal vaginal microflora with a sufficient number of lactobacilli helps activate the protective properties of the female body.

Pharmacokinetics. Under the influence of vaginal secretion, suppositories dissolve, releasing beneficial bacteria and hormones, which in turn reduce the pH, thereby increasing the acidity of the vaginal environment. An acidic environment is not suitable for the normal functioning of many pathogenic microorganisms, and they simply die.

Despite the seemingly safe composition of Ginoflor, it has its own contraindications for use. These include malignant neoplasms in the area of the mammary glands and female genital organs, excessive growth of the inner layer of the uterus (endometriosis), various vaginal bleeding, individual intolerance to the components. The drug is prescribed only to sexually mature women.

Interaction with other drugs. This drug should not be taken together with antimicrobial and antiviral agents, which may reduce its effectiveness.

The therapeutic course of treatment with Gynoflor is prescribed by the doctor individually and can range from 6 to 12 days. Vaginal tablets are used at night, 1-2 pieces, inserted deep into the vagina. In this case, discomfort may be felt at the injection site. When the drug is administered orally, side effects are practically not observed.

Vaginal capsules "Vagilak" contain the main types of beneficial bacteria necessary to maintain normal vaginal microflora (lactobacilli and streptococci). They are used as a preventive and therapeutic agent.

Contraindications to the use of this drug, in addition to individual intolerance reactions, are acute inflammatory processes, as well as the presence of erosions in the vagina, and childhood.

Unlike the previous drug, its effectiveness does not depend on the medications taken in parallel with it, which makes it possible to use it together with various antibacterial agents. It is usually prescribed starting from the 4th or 5th day of antibiotic treatment. The course of treatment with Vagilak is 10 days. The regimen is similar to the previous drug.

Both of the above-described drugs should be stored in a cool place with a positive temperature of up to 8 degrees. In this case, the shelf life will be 36 months.

"Ecofemin" is a drug based on live lactobacteria. For vaginal dysbacteriosis, both tablets and suppositories with this name are prescribed, with preference given to the latter.

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is carried out on the eve of or after menstruation for 6 days, during which 12 suppositories are used (2 per day). The prophylactic course is 3-7 days, with 1 suppository per day being sufficient.

Treatment with Ecofemin can be carried out in parallel with antibiotic or chemotherapy. Side effects of the drug are extremely rare in the form of allergic reactions.

"Ecofemin" in tablet form is prescribed to all age groups of the population, and in the form of vaginal capsules or suppositories - only to adult women. The drug is not prescribed in case of individual intolerance to the components and the presence of candidiasis.

Vaginal capsules must be stored at a temperature below 25 degrees, and their shelf life will be 2 years.

"Vaginorm-S" - vaginal tablets for vaginal dysbacteriosis, the main active ingredient of which is ascorbic acid, which increases the acidity of the vagina and thereby causes the death of harmful microorganisms. By normalizing the pH of the internal environment of the vagina, ascorbic acid promotes the proliferation of beneficial microflora (lactobacilli), which performs a protective function.

Indications for the use of this drug are various disorders of the vaginal microflora, and contraindications are hypersensitivity to ascorbic acid and candidal vulvovaginitis.

Usually, treatment with Vaginorm-S is carried out for 6 days, but if necessary, the course can be repeated. The package contains 6 tablets for 1 course of treatment. The tablets are administered intravaginally once a day at night.

Usually, therapy with the drug does not cause adverse reactions. In rare cases, local (in the form of discomfort and burning at the injection site, as well as slight swelling and increased discharge) or allergic reactions may be observed.

"Vaginorm-S" is not active against fungi, so its use is inappropriate in the presence of a fungal infection. When prescribing the drug, it is necessary to exclude the presence of a fungal infection, which may also be indicated by local reactions when using vaginal tablets.

Therapy with the drug can be continued during menstruation or intercyclic bleeding.

Using vaginal tablets within the expiration date, which in this case is 3 years, is a guarantee of their effectiveness and safety. It is recommended to store the drug at room temperature.

In addition to special vaginal products and other pharmaceutical medications, the doctor may recommend using biologically active supplements as an additional source of lactobacilli and other useful substances necessary for the body to fight the disease. The most popular dietary supplements in this regard are normoflorins B and L, which supply the body with not only useful lactobacilli, but also bifidobacteria, vitamins, amino acids, and antimicrobial substances.

The active ingredients in normoflorins have high acidity and antimicrobial activity, which enables them to suppress the growth and development of pathogenic flora. A big plus of this complex of normoflorins is considered to be a quick calming effect on the skin and mucous membranes, due to which, when they are used, painful sensations, itching and discomfort quickly disappear.

In case of vaginal dysbacteriosis, normoflorins B and L in the form of a solution can be taken orally, as well as in the form of intravaginal applications or irrigations, and no side effects are observed in the drugs. As, incidentally, they do not have any special contraindications for use.

It is advisable to apply the preparation to the vagina before bedtime, and orally the preparation is taken in the amount of 10-30 ml, diluted in water, during or after meals 2-3 times a day.

Use for vaginal dysbiosis pills. during pregnancy

Quite often, vaginal dysbacteriosis occurs against the background of hormonal changes, for example, during pregnancy. It would seem that you can wait until the child is born, and then begin to fight the pathology. But the thing is that children born to mothers diagnosed with "vaginal dysbacteriosis" are predisposed to dysbacteriosis of various localizations from the beginning of their life, from which they can suffer all their lives.

In addition, there is a possibility that the child may not see the light at all or be born prematurely, since cases of miscarriage or premature birth are not uncommon with vaginal dysbacteriosis. And this means that it is necessary to fight the pathology at the beginning of its development, even if it happened during pregnancy. You just need to be more scrupulous in choosing drugs for the treatment of dysbacteriosis, so as not to harm the baby and not provoke a miscarriage.

The fact is that treatment with antibiotics and vaginal preparations at some stages of pregnancy is considered undesirable. All these points are reflected in the instructions for the drugs. But now we will try to figure out which of the above-mentioned drugs are allowed for use in such a delicate period, and which should be abandoned, despite all their effectiveness, choosing tablets for vaginal bacteriosis that are safer for the mother and fetus.

So, antibiotics and antiseptics. In the instructions for the drug "Betadine", pregnancy is not reflected in the list of contraindications, however, its use is considered acceptable only in the early stages, but the feasibility and safety of therapy, starting from the 3rd month of pregnancy, should be discussed with the attending physician.

"Terzhinan", on the contrary, is approved for use from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, and its possibility of use in the early stages is determined by the doctor, giving the go-ahead only in the case when the risk to the fetus is significantly less than the benefit to the mother.

"Clindamycin" in the form of tablets for oral administration is contraindicated during pregnancy. And the decision on the possibility of intravaginal use is within the competence of a specialist doctor, taking into account that the active substance of this drug is able to penetrate to the fetus through the placental barrier.

The use of antibacterial agents during breastfeeding is limited, and in relation to Clindamycin it is even contraindicated, since it is excreted in milk.

Doctors are categorical about the use of antifungal tablets during pregnancy, used for vaginal bacteriosis. Preparations based on fluconazole and similar ones are prescribed by doctors in extremely severe and advanced cases of fungal infection, since there is a possibility of developing pathologies in the fetus, which may be associated with the use of these antifungal drugs. During lactation, therapy with these drugs is not carried out, or for the duration of treatment, the mother switches the baby to artificial feeding.

In any case, caution comes first. Any medications during pregnancy should be prescribed only by the attending physician, based on the patient's condition and possible risks for both the mother and the baby. Self-medication can lead to the most tragic consequences, ranging from premature birth to heart defects and other severe developmental pathologies in the baby.

As for preparations with lactobacilli, the most useful and safe ones are normoflorins B and L, which are allowed during pregnancy even in the form of vaginal applications, which should be carried out in a hospital. At the same time, they quickly and without harm to the fetus normalize the vaginal microflora, and also remove discomfort in the genital area, which can accompany dysbacteriosis in women. The use of normoflorins in itself does not cause unpleasant sensations.

Other drugs that normalize the vaginal microflora are also unlikely to harm the fetus or cause a miscarriage. At least, there is no "pregnancy and lactation" clause among the contraindications for the use of these drugs. These drugs are used according to the instructions of a specialist doctor.

True, the instructions for the drug "Ginoflor" contain a warning about using this medicine in the first trimester of pregnancy. But starting from the 4th month of pregnancy, the use of the drug no longer causes concern. Tablets for vaginal dysbacteriosis with live lactobacilli are not dangerous during lactation, since their traces are not found in breast milk.