Early menopause in women

Early menopause in women is diagnosed at the age of up to 45 years and manifests itself in the form of partial or complete cessation of the menstrual cycle. This problem most often indicates certain disorders in the body, except for cases when the cause of menopause is a hereditary factor.

Early menopause is characterized by menopause, which is observed for 1 year or more. The causes of this pathology can be different, ranging from the depletion of egg reserves to problems in the female reproductive system, surgical intervention, or hormonal disruptions. It should be noted that the main symptom of the onset of early menopause is considered to be a failure in the menstrual cycle. At first, the period of delay of "critical days" is a week, then - more, which is a clear sign of premature fading of ovarian function. A woman with such a problem should consult a gynecologist to confirm the diagnosis. The doctor will conduct hormonal studies and identify the root cause of the menstrual irregularities.

Despite the ovarian failure, early menopause does not completely exhaust the egg supply, and ovulation is still possible. About 10% of women diagnosed with early menopause can still become pregnant and carry a healthy baby. This is the main difference between early menopause and normal menopause, in which ovulation does not occur and the woman permanently loses the ability to become a mother.

Almost all women going through early menopause experience discomfort caused by hormonal changes. These include hot flashes, mood swings, sleep problems, decreased performance and memory, excessive sweating, and other unpleasant symptoms.

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Causes early menopause in women

Early menopause in women develops for various reasons. If a woman under 45 shows symptoms of menopause, this is a weighty argument for visiting a gynecologist, endocrinologist, mammologist and oncologist. It is necessary to take tests to determine the level of hormones in the female body.

Below are the main causes of early menopause in women:

• hereditary predisposition and chromosomal abnormalities (the presence of three X chromosomes or defects in the X chromosome, Turner syndrome - a genomic disease, etc.);
• rapid acceleration;
• autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid dysfunction);
• thyroid disease;
• gynecological diseases;
• obesity;
• decreased immunity;
• viral infections;
• radiotherapy or chemotherapy of the pelvic area;
• removal of the ovaries (bilateral oophorectomy);
• removal of the uterus (hysterectomy);
• illiterate use of oral contraceptives and hormonal drugs;
• poor ecology;
• fasting and strict diets;
• unhealthy lifestyle (excessive smoking).

Genetic factors play a significant role in the development of early menopause, i.e. if your close relatives experience menopause at a relatively early age, then most likely you will also experience menopause early. Surgical interventions (operations to remove female organs - ovaries and uterus) immediately lead to the onset of menopause due to a sharp decrease in hormone levels.

Lack of sex and early menopause

Early menopause in women is a consequence of many factors, among which intimate life plays an important role.

Lack of sex and early menopause - how are these concepts related? It has been proven that prolonged sexual abstinence has a negative impact on both the psychological and physical health of a woman, causing hormonal imbalance. Thus, a lack of sex or its complete absence leads to rapid fatigue, irritability, apathy, and depressive disorders. Another significant "minus" of sexual dissatisfaction is the exacerbation of premenstrual syndrome, which is expressed in the occurrence of severe pain in the lower abdomen, excessive emotionality and irritability of a woman.

The idea that sexually inactive women experience menopause earlier is due to hormonal imbalance: as a result of prolonged sexual abstinence, the synthesis of progesterone and estrogen decreases. Single women are more likely to have problems with the genitourinary system, uterine myomas and fibroids, and malignant neoplasms.

Irregularity of sexual life and the absence of a permanent partner have a negative impact on a woman's sexual health. That is why it is so important to take this point into account in order to avoid problems with the premature onset of menopause.

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Why is early menopause dangerous?

Early menopause in women can occur at the age of 40 or even earlier, which is a pronounced pathology. Menopause is directly related to changes in the activity of the ovaries and is the result of a decrease in the level of estrogens, or an increase in the level of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones.

The sudden cessation of menstruation can be caused by many factors, including surgery to remove the ovaries, or specific cancer therapy (chemotherapy or radiotherapy), which can damage the ovaries. Statistics show that three out of four women experiencing problems with menopause are subject to "hot flashes" (temperature attacks) due to a malfunction of the hypothalamus, which depends on hormone levels, particularly estrogen.

Women going through early menopause often experience emotional distress, suffer from depression, sleep disorders, and other unpleasant symptoms. Sexual relations deteriorate, which is often associated with vaginal dryness and a higher risk of developing genitourinary infections. To reduce the negative impact of such an irreversible process as menopause, it is necessary to follow the doctor's recommendations and, if necessary, undergo a course of therapy.

Early menopause in women is often painful, causing severe discomfort. At the same time, premature aging of the skin and the appearance of pigment spots on the body, loss of shape and elasticity of the breasts, an increase in wrinkles, an increase in the volume of fat reserves and other unpleasant consequences are noted: frequent absent-mindedness and forgetfulness, a decline in intellectual level.

What is the danger of early menopause? First of all, it is the deterioration of cholesterol metabolism, which can result in atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. Women suffering from early menopause symptoms have a several-fold increased risk of stroke or heart attack.

In addition, it should be noted that the body's resistance to insulin increases. This can trigger the development of type II diabetes. Hormonal imbalance can lead to the development of tumors, such as breast cancer. Due to a decrease in hormone levels, bone density deteriorates, leading to osteoporosis.

In order to detect possible pathologies due to hormonal imbalance in time, women over forty years of age are recommended to visit a gynecologist every six months and have a mammogram at least once every year and a half.

Pathogenesis

Early menopause in women is associated with the premature process of ovarian function fading – a decrease in the number of eggs. “Switching off” of ovarian function contributes to estrogen deficiency, disruption of neurohormones secretion, endocrine-metabolic neuropsychiatric disorders, changes in limbic system functions and damage to target organs.

Pathogenesis (i.e. the mechanism of pathology development) is caused by both molecular disorders and malfunctions of the body as a whole. By studying pathogenesis, doctors identify the way early menopause develops. The hypothalamus is considered the main regulating link in the menstrual cycle, since it produces releasing hormones. The self-regulating system "hypothalamus - pituitary gland - ovaries" functions for a long time on the principle of feedback. With involutional changes in the hypothalamus, a violation of the cyclicity of the secretion of gonadotropic hormones (including follitropin) is observed. Early menopause is associated with a reduced amount of hormones produced by the ovaries. And this leads to a decrease in the level of follitropin and the cessation of reproductive function.

Thus, menopause is characterized by a disruption in the secretion of hormones, both sex and gonadotropic. A decrease in the amount of classical estrogens leads to the development of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, and dopamine ‒ to vegetative-vascular reactions in the form of "hot flashes", increased blood pressure and vegetative crises.

The body's reactions to such a hormonal "storm" are individual. However, it is possible to note the primary role of hereditary connection along the female line. Of course, the appearance of climacteric syndrome before the age of 40 is not a natural physiological process. The risk group includes women who smoke and suffer from alcoholism, who are sexually inactive and have had a large number of abortions, as well as women with endocrine disorders, gynecological, autoimmune and oncological diseases.

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Symptoms early menopause in women

Early menopause in women is accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms, including frequent mood swings, migraine attacks and dizziness, blood pressure surges, rapid heartbeat, and neuropsychiatric disorders.

The following symptoms of early menopause in women can also be identified:

• irregular menstrual cycle or absence of menstruation for several months;
• vaginal dryness;
• hot flashes;
• drowsiness;
• problems with urination (urinary incontinence);
• emotional lability (mood swings, irritability, mild depression);
• decreased libido.

If these symptoms appear, it is recommended to consult a doctor. Due to the increase in the level of hormones in the body (luteinizing and follicle-stimulating), the following symptoms appear: a feeling of anxiety, panic attacks, profuse sweating (especially at night), strong heartbeat.

Reduced estrogen levels cause chronic symptoms such as dry skin, urinary tract infections, and frequent urination. The main “minus” of the irreversible process associated with a decrease in estrogen levels after menopause is an increased risk of coronary heart disease and bone destruction.

First signs

Early menopause in women is characterized by signs that depend on genetic predisposition, lifestyle, general health, and individual ability to cope with stress.

The first signs of this pathological process are menstrual cycle irregularities, as well as the resulting "hot flashes" (attacks associated with a sharp increase in body temperature). Night sweats are another striking symptom of early menopause. Other alarming "bells" include sleep disturbances at night, emotional instability, dizziness and palpitations, rapid fatigue, and memory impairment.

Almost every woman who has faced the problem of premature menopause notes significant changes in her emotional and physical state. According to statistics, 30% of women have many symptoms indicating a severe course of climacteric syndrome. Often, the appearance of the first signs of menopause causes a woman to feel fear, panic and confusion, which, in the absence of appropriate therapy, can develop into a depressive disorder. Thus, it is very important for a woman experiencing problems with menopause to seek qualified help from a doctor.

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Complications and consequences

Early menopause in women occurs against the background of low estrogen levels, which leads to deterioration in health, in particular, to the likelihood of developing diseases such as osteoporosis, periodontal disease and cataracts.

The consequences of hormonal imbalance can be more serious: early menopause is associated with an increased risk of developing ovarian, breast, and colon cancer. Dangerous consequences of climacteric syndrome also include:

• cardiovascular diseases (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, heart attack);
• Alzheimer's disease;
• diabetes mellitus type 2;
• obesity.

These diseases and pathologies manifest themselves later, approximately 5 years after the diagnosis of early menopause. Often the main cause of estrogen deficiency is bilateral removal of the ovaries. A large percentage of women who have undergone such an operation suffer from heart disease several times more often than their healthy peers.

Due to the redistribution of fat deposits against the background of the cessation of the secretion of sex hormones, obesity occurs, which leads to fatty infiltration of the liver, an increased risk of developing gallstone disease, osteoarthritis, etc. To prevent such consequences, doctors recommend that women experiencing early menopause regularly monitor their weight and control their blood sugar levels.

Early menopause in women is a pathological process associated with the premature fading of the reproductive capacity of the body. Among the main causes of such pathology, one can note the hereditary factor. The development of early menopause can be provoked by endocrine disorders, chemo- and radiation therapy, advanced chlamydia and even a long absence of sexual life.

Complications of early menopause develop against the background of irreversible changes in the hormonal system and are expressed in the form of infertility, as well as various diseases due to reduced immunity. Some of the common diseases caused by climacteric syndrome are:

• hypertension;
• heart disease;
• diabetes mellitus;
• atherosclerosis;
• neuropsychiatric disorders.

If menopause has started earlier than expected, a woman should not panic, since temporary hormonal disorders are often “masked” under this pathology. If you suspect menopause, the first thing you need to do is contact a gynecologist for an accurate diagnosis of the pathology and identification of the causes. If the doctor confirms climacteric syndrome, first of all, you should concentrate on immunostimulation of the body and effective prevention of concomitant diseases in order to prevent the occurrence of possible complications.

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Diagnostics early menopause in women

Early menopause in women is diagnosed based on the complaints of patients. All necessary studies are conducted in a medical institution. In addition to a gynecologist, a woman needs consultations with other doctors: a cardiologist, endocrinologist and neurologist, since concomitant diseases may interfere with the accurate diagnosis of menopausal syndrome.

Diagnosis of early menopause in women is a multi-stage process that requires a qualified approach. To study the condition of the ovaries, it is necessary to conduct a scraping of the uterine endometrium and cytological tests based on vaginal smears. In case of complicated early menopause, an analysis is carried out to identify the level of estrogen in the blood, as well as luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones.

The diagnosis is confirmed if the gynecologist has identified:

• thickening and enlargement of the uterine walls;
• small lumps in the mammary glands;
• increase in the volume of cervical mucus;
• changes in the vaginal walls;
• neoplasms and myomatous nodes;
• profuse dysfunctional bleeding.

With prolonged amenorrhea lasting more than a year, it is almost impossible to restore reproductive functions. You should contact a gynecologist while there are regular delays in order to correct the condition. The doctor will prescribe the following tests to establish a diagnosis: gynecological examination, pelvic ultrasound, karyotype determination, FSH level monitoring and autoantibody screening, as well as hormonal examination. Early menopause can develop with pathologies of the pituitary gland or thyroid gland. Only after a comprehensive diagnosis is it possible to identify ovarian exhaustion syndrome.

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Tests

Early menopause in women requires timely diagnosis so that each patient receives the opportunity for effective treatment and preservation of reproductive functions.

Blood tests are required to detect ovarian failure syndrome (fading of ovarian function). The following diagnostic criteria can be identified:

• decreased estradiol levels;
• increase in the amount of follicle-stimulating hormone;
• positive replacement test and negative progesterone test.

Cytogenetic testing helps to identify gonadal dysgenesis and determine the number of chromosomes in the set, including sex chromosomes. This will make it possible to specify the genetic syndrome.

The FSH concentration is monitored for several months. Hormonal levels in the blood are measured for several weeks to clarify the diagnosis. An increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (over 20 mIU/ml) against the background of a decrease in estrogen levels indicates the onset of menopause. The estradiol level also drops, reaching 35 pmol/l and below. Ultrasound reveals dry mucous membranes, a decrease in the uterus, and other defects indicating the onset of premature menopause.

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Instrumental diagnostics

Early menopause in women should be diagnosed using different research methods. A comprehensive examination of the body will help to identify the degree of ovarian function decline and the general health of patients.

Instrumental diagnostics involves examination of internal female organs using mechanical devices. Instrumental methods for studying early menopause include:

• Cytological examination (a Pap smear taken from the cervical mucosa to identify the structure of the cells).
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (helps determine the number of follicles in the ovaries).
• Transvaginal ultrasound (to detect possible pathologies in the endometrium).
• X-ray method (osteodensitometry) – allows to determine the level of bone tissue density; used for the purpose of early diagnosis of osteoporosis.

The gynecologist evaluates the patient's condition based on complaints, taking into account all symptoms. Other methods of diagnosing early menopause include determining hormone levels (LH, estrogens, prolactin, FSH, TSH, testosterone). The results of a biochemical blood test, coagulogram, mammography, pulse rate and blood pressure are also required.

Differential diagnosis

Early menopause in women may be accompanied by symptoms that indicate the presence of other diseases and pathological processes. In this case, it is very important to conduct differential diagnostics, which will determine the presence or absence of menopause based on medical research.

Differential diagnostics of early menopause involves excluding diseases of the adrenal glands, thyroid and pancreas, hyperprolactinemia, ovarian or pituitary tumors. Often, the signs of climacteric syndrome are similar to the signs of ovarian exhaustion syndrome. These include: amenorrhea, hot flashes, increased sweating, emotional lability, infertility. To diagnose menopause, laboratory blood tests, ultrasound and other studies are carried out, the results of which can reveal depletion of the follicular apparatus and a sharp decrease in estrogens, which is characteristic of menopause.

Differential diagnostics of amonerrhea with thyrotoxicosis requires blood testing for the content of hormones T3 and T4. Common signs of pathologies are a feeling of heat, menstrual irregularities, strong heartbeat, sweating. Patients with thyrotoxicosis are thin, have hyperemic elastic skin, are nervous and irritable.

To detect early menopause, it is necessary to exclude neurocirculatory dystonia, which is accompanied by paroxysmal palpitations, dizziness, weakness, sweating, paresthesia, vague pain, numbness of the extremities. The differences between these two pathologies consist in the preservation of ovarian function in neurocirculatory dystonia and the absence of uterine bleeding.

Treatment early menopause in women

Early menopause in women with timely treatment will not cause excessive discomfort. In addition, properly selected therapy will help preserve the reproductive function of the ovaries. To prevent dangerous complications during early menopause, doctors prescribe hormone replacement therapy to patients, which contain progesterone and estrogens.

Treatment of early menopause in women should be comprehensive, based on the results of a medical examination. In addition to hormones, antidepressants are indicated to reduce the severity and frequency of "hot flashes". To prevent osteoporosis, biophosphonates, vitamin D, calcium and silicon preparations, as well as other drugs that stimulate bone formation (Risedronate, Alendronate) can be prescribed. Estrogen-containing creams help improve the skin and mucous membranes (relieve the feeling of dryness and discomfort). Medicines must be prescribed by the attending physician.

In each individual case, the patient is prescribed a corrective treatment program aimed at alleviating symptoms. In addition to tablets, patches and intrauterine devices, as well as vaginal suppositories, can be used. All these drugs are aimed at increasing estrogen doses in the blood.

Along with hormone therapy, the patient needs to review her diet. It is recommended to include fresh vegetables, greens, fruits in the daily diet, while at the same time it is necessary to exclude the intake of animal products. In order to improve health, moderate physical activity and daily walks are recommended. A healthy lifestyle is the main goal to strive for when diagnosing early menopause.

Hormones in early menopause

Early menopause in women can become a serious obstacle to work and life. Therefore, one of the main methods of treatment is hormonal therapy.

Hormones for early menopause are selected depending on the course of menopause. Hormonal therapy is prescribed in courses (for example, Estriol + Ovestin) to normalize the menstrual cycle and replenish estrogen deficiency. To prevent bleeding due to changes in the endometrium, hormone-containing drugs should be taken on a regular basis.

The choice of a drug for hormone replacement therapy always remains with a medical specialist, who will definitely take into account the individual characteristics of the patient and her health condition. There are hormonal drugs in the form of tablets, as well as injections, ointments, patches and vaginal suppositories. Contraindications to taking hormones are certain types of tumors, thrombophlebitis, severe liver disease, and the condition after a heart attack or stroke.

Combined drugs containing female sex hormones Klimonorm, Klimen, Trisequens, Divina, Cyclo-Progynova help eliminate hot flashes, excessive sweating, nervousness and prevent the development of diseases such as osteoporosis and atherosclerosis.

Vagifem and Ovestin are recommended for women who complain of problems with the genitourinary system, and the drugs Proginova, Estrofem, Divigel are prescribed to patients who have undergone gynecological surgeries (for example, removal of the uterus).

Herbal preparations Klimaktoplan and Remens normalize well-being, help to normalize estrogen levels, and also have an antispasmodic, hypotensive and sedative effect.

HRT in early menopause

Early menopause in women requires a competent approach to choosing therapy. In many cases, patients are prescribed hormone replacement therapy to restore the normal state of tissues and reduce the severity of menopause symptoms.

HRT in early menopause is most often supplemented by proper nutrition - eating soy products containing plant-based estrogens. The use of HRT helps eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of early menopause and normalize body functions to prevent possible complications: osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, urogenital disorders. HRT also eliminates the causes of skin aging, reducing wrinkles and age pigmentation. Other benefits include normalization of the psychosomatic state.

After confirming the diagnosis of "premature menopause", the doctor will prescribe hormone replacement therapy. Thus, the patient will have to take a certain amount of estrogens to prevent osteoporosis, as well as reduce unpleasant symptoms such as hot flashes and sweating. It should be noted that in case of incompatibility of estrogens with other drugs, hormone replacement therapy should be interrupted. In this case, the doctor will prescribe bisphosphonates, vitamin D and calcium preparations to prevent osteoporosis.

It should be emphasized that an incorrectly selected dosage of hormones can provoke weight gain and uterine bleeding. Hormone replacement therapy includes the use of combination drugs containing progesterone and estrogen. Such drugs include Pauzogest, Indivina, Klimonorm, Premarin, Divisek, Tibolone, etc. These drugs should be taken in a dosage of 1 tablet 1 time per day, preferably at the same time of day. The duration of taking the tablets is 1-2 years.

Medication support

Early menopause in women raises many questions related to treatment. Medicines should be prescribed by a doctor, since self-medication can lead to negative consequences, especially if it concerns taking hormonal drugs. Usually, with early menopause, the patient is prescribed estradiol drugs or a combination of this hormone with progestogens.

Medicines prescribed for early menopause are most often available in tablet form, but there are also vaginal gels, creams and skin patches containing hormones (Estrogel, Klimara, Angelique). These drugs are prescribed for long-term therapy, do not cause uterine bleeding, quickly eliminate symptoms and prevent complications of early menopause. Taking hormones is aimed at preventing the onset of premature aging. These include the following drugs:

• Ovestin;
• Femoston;
• Divina;
• Divisek et al.

Drug therapy helps maintain the elasticity of the skin, normalize blood pressure, eliminate symptoms, prevent the development of atherosclerosis and other complications. Traditional methods of treatment can be used in combination, which include taking herbal infusions and decoctions, as well as herbal preparations.

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Femoston for early menopause

Early menopause in women is treated with combined hormonal agents, taking into account the severity of the climacteric syndrome and the patient's health. The choice of drugs should be based on the results of medical research. Self-medication will not lead to the desired results and can be harmful, so it is important to follow the recommendations of the attending physician.

Femoston is often prescribed for early menopause - it is an estrogen-gestagen drug with anti-climacteric action, intended for sequential use. This combination drug is used to eliminate the symptoms of insufficient estrogen in the blood, as well as for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

Femoston effectively treats vegetative and psychoemotional disorders caused by premature menopause (hot flashes, headaches, hyperhidrosis, sleep disorders, neurosis, increased excitability). The drug is prescribed 6 months after the last menstruation. Preventive use of this drug is aimed at preventing osteoporosis. The tablets are taken regardless of food intake. The treatment regimen and contraindications for taking the drug can be found in the instructions. The dose is adjusted based on the clinical results of therapy.

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Ovariamin in early menopause

Early menopause in women is successfully treated with dietary supplements, which has been proven by medical practice. Taking dietary supplements is part of a comprehensive therapy aimed at normalizing the menstrual cycle and hormonal background.

Ovariamin is taken as an active ovarian bioregulator during early menopause. This drug is a natural analogue of estrogen and is available in tablet form of 155 mg. Each tablet contains 10 mg of cytamine - a set of microelements, proteins, vitamins and nucleic acids taken from the ovaries of animals (cattle). The main function of Ovariamin is the ability to slow down the process of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) synthesis. The purpose of this drug is to normalize the menstrual cycle and the state of the reproductive system, as well as to smooth out the symptoms of menopause.

The exact regimen for taking the complex drug Ovariamin should be determined by the attending physician. The treatment regimen specified in the instructions: 1-3 tablets three times a day before meals for a course of 10-14 days. Contraindications to therapy are pregnancy, breastfeeding, and individual allergic reactions. It is undesirable to use dietary supplements on your own, since self-medication can lead to undesirable consequences.

Yarina Plus for Early Menopause

Early menopause in women requires a competent approach to the choice of therapeutic methods. The patient must strictly adhere to the treatment prescribed by the doctor. This concerns the intake of hormonal pills - oral contraceptives, which have not only a pronounced contraceptive effect, but also a therapeutic and prophylactic effect, reduce the pain of bleeding, reduce the risk of developing endometrial and ovarian tumors.

Yarina Plus is used in early menopause as a combination drug that includes active tablets and auxiliary tablets with calcium levomefolate. The contraceptive effect of this drug is achieved by "softly" suppressing the ovulation process.

Drospirenone contained in the contraceptive is similar to the natural hormone progesterone, which is produced in the female body. This feature determines the role of the tablets in normalizing hormonal levels. With the help of "Yarina" dysmenorrhea and menstrual irregularities, endometriosis are treated, the risk of developing mastopathy, benign and malignant tumors, female inflammatory diseases, osteoporosis is reduced. The widespread use of the hormonal contraceptive "Yarina Plus" in the USA and Europe has led to a significant reduction in the number of these diseases.

Folk remedies

Early menopause in women can be treated using proven folk methods in combination with drug therapy. Traditional medicine offers teas, decoctions, tinctures from medicinal herbs that reduce the manifestations of menopause.

Traditional herbal treatment helps relieve the main symptoms. Some medicinal plants are capable of producing hormone-like substances, thereby restoring the hormonal balance in the body. Calamus, lungwort, licorice roots, horsetail, aralia, and blackberries will help reduce the frequency of "hot flashes". By taking a mixture of honey and apple or beet juice, a woman experiencing the difficulties of early menopause will be able to cope with aggression and irritation, and strengthen the nervous system.

Folk remedies in the form of tincture of valerian officinalis, decoction of horsetail, tincture of sage, chamomile and calendula help to get rid of mild depression and cope with stress and emotional experiences. The beneficial substances contained in these plants help to normalize cardiac activity, eliminate sleep problems, and reduce the risk of migraines.

To improve the condition during early menopause, you should also adhere to a healthy diet, special hygiene rules, exercise, and give up bad habits.

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Herbal treatment

Early menopause in women must be treated comprehensively, using various methods, including traditional medicine.

Herbal treatment helps restore women's health and get rid of unpleasant symptoms of menopause. The most effective plants are red brush and orthilia secunda, which are used to treat various gynecological diseases.

Orthilia secunda is taken in the form of decoctions and infusions. Raw materials (1 tbsp.) are poured with a glass of hot water, then boiled for 10 minutes in a water bath and cooled. It is recommended to take the decoction 1 tbsp. up to 5 times a day.

Tincture of red brush is prepared as follows: 50 g of root is poured with half a liter of vodka, infused for a month, filtered and taken 30 drops three times a day before meals.

In case of early menopause, traditional healers recommend using mistletoe in the form of a water infusion, for the preparation of which you should pour a glass of boiling water over the raw material (15 g) and let it brew. Take 1 tbsp three times a day before meals.

You can also take a tincture of Rhodiola rosea, which is sold in pharmacies. Dill water reduces the number of hot flashes and normalizes sleep. To prepare it, pour boiling water (0.5 l) over 3 tbsp. dry seeds and leave in a thermos for an hour. Then dilute the decoction with water to 1 l. Take 100 ml several times a day half an hour before meals.

Peony tincture also reduces hot flashes and alleviates other menopausal symptoms. It is also useful to use mint, clover, chamomile, hops, shepherd's purse, horse chestnut, rosemary and other medicinal plants.

Homeopathy

Early menopause in women responds well to treatment with homeopathic medicines, the action of which is aimed at reducing symptoms in the form of hot flashes, insomnia, and psychological discomfort.

Homeopathy in this case implies the use of natural preparations containing plant extracts, minerals, vitamins, essential amino acids. Such preparations include Estrovel, which contains a complex of natural substances, including phytoestrogens. These special natural substances improve mood, prevent the development of osteoporosis, and help normalize the functioning of the autonomic nervous system.

Klimafite protects the body from osteoporosis, normalizes hormonal levels, and combats menopause symptoms. It contains macro- and microelements, vitamins, soy extracts, valerian, hawthorn, and horsetail. Allitera is another drug that has proven its effectiveness in eliminating menopause symptoms. It contains evening primrose oil and garlic extract, boosting immunity, improving brain function, and relieving the unpleasant symptoms of early menopause.

Preparations with phytoestrogens Klimadinon and Klimadinon Uno contain an extract of Cicifuga racemosus and auxiliary substances, are safe to use, effectively eliminate hot flashes, and improve a woman’s well-being.

Other homeopathic preparations include Feminalgin, Qi-Klim, Feminal, Femicaps, Menopace, Inoklim, Tribestan.

Surgical treatment

Early menopause in women manifests itself acutely, causing great psychological discomfort and annoying with frequent attacks of headaches, hot flashes, and pressure surges.

Surgical treatment can lead to early development of climacteric syndrome, especially if the patient has undergone surgery to remove the ovaries. In this case, women may experience negative symptoms in the form of general malaise and rapid fatigue, arrhythmia, chills, attacks of palpitations and migraines. Due to surgical intervention, the female body does not have time to prepare for the natural period of menopause, so the signs of early menopause appear unexpectedly and are extremely difficult. Very often, surgical menopause becomes the primary cause of prolonged depression.

Women who have had their ovaries removed may suddenly experience headaches, fainting, and high blood pressure. Hormonal imbalances can cause a decrease in heart function. Other signs of early menopause as a result of surgery include apathy, irritability, outbursts of aggression, and frequent insomnia.

Hormonal changes negatively affect the endocrine system, resulting in disruption of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands. Such problems provoke the occurrence of chronic fatigue and the development of bone diseases.

Prevention

Early menopause in women can be prevented or its symptoms can be mitigated with the help of preventive measures aimed at supporting immunity and maintaining women's health.

Prevention includes a healthy lifestyle, giving up bad habits, which will help preserve the ovarian reserve. Women over 40 should give up strict diets, move more, do their favorite things to maintain energy balance and quality of life. One of the conditions of a healthy lifestyle is daily exercise without overexertion. Fitness classes, Pilates, yoga, swimming, jogging in the fresh air, as well as breathing exercises are great for this purpose.

It is necessary to exclude infectious diseases, stressful situations, follow a personal diet, harden yourself, and also avoid heavy loads, including psycho-emotional ones, and chronic fatigue. Good rest, proper nutrition, and physical activity are of no small importance.

Women at the age of 40 need to watch their thoughts. There is no need to think that youth has passed, it is better to devote more time to working on yourself. Traveling to different cities and countries will help to distract from work and recharge with optimism. New emotions, vivid impressions, interesting acquaintances will help to distract and strengthen the psyche.

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Forecast

Early menopause in women can occur suddenly, causing inconvenience and discomfort. Often, the fading of ovarian function occurs gradually, which leads to fluctuations in hormonal activity.

The prognosis depends on the causes of menopause and the characteristics of the course of this pathology. If there is a prolonged absence of menstrual flow (for 6 months - 1 year), the probability of remission decreases, but in rare cases a woman still has a chance to become pregnant. A positive fertility prognosis is based on the following signs: according to the ultrasound results - normal condition of the ovaries, the FSH level fluctuates, a history of chemotherapy or autoimmune conditions.

Thus, early menopause in women is not only a gynecological problem, but also a problem of the entire female body. It is necessary to note the versatility of this process, caused by the systemic effects of estrogens - hormones that have a protective effect on many organs and systems. Treatment should be comprehensive, which will prolong the life of patients and prevent the occurrence of dangerous complications, primarily cardiovascular.

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