Vaginal fissures

Among the many vaginal diseases, vaginal cracks cause discomfort and unpleasant sensations. Many women tend to diagnose themselves, most often attributing the symptoms to a fungal infection. In fact, it is necessary to see a doctor, undergo an examination to develop the correct treatment plan aimed at restoring the integrity of the tissues of the external genitalia.

Causes vaginal fissures

Vaginal fissures can occur for a number of reasons, namely:

• hormonal imbalances – lack of estrogen leads to loss of moisture in the mucous membranes of the female genital organs, deficiency of vitamin E;
• infectious diseases - redness, swelling, thinning of the skin;
• poor hygiene – urine residues and vaginal discharge contribute to the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria;
• helminthic invasion - parasites secrete metabolic products that negatively affect the skin;
• allergic reaction – provoked by the use of intimate cosmetics containing parabens, wearing synthetic underwear, low-quality sanitary pads;
• diabetes mellitus;
• candidiasis;
• sex - friction that accompanies sexual intercourse, with insufficient secretion of secretion, causes injury;
• After childbirth, pushing and a large fetus often lead to tissue ruptures.

Risk factors

The circumstances that predispose to the formation of vaginal cracks include age (loss of skin moisture, its elasticity and firmness - manifestations of menopause), decreased immunity, intestinal dysbacteriosis, and the presence of other systemic diseases of the body.

Other risk factors include the use of certain medications that affect the vaginal microflora, as well as contraceptives.

Symptoms vaginal fissures

The first signs indicating the presence of a problem in the intimate area are expressed by burning, itching, hyperemia, and pain during sex.

Cracks at the entrance to the vagina may heal, but reappear during sexual intercourse. Itching and cracks in the vagina are frequent companions of dryness in it. Discomfort manifests itself during hygiene procedures, during urination. Intimate intimacy may be accompanied by bloody discharge. The injured mucous membrane of the organ is susceptible to the proliferation of pathogenic organisms, the presence of an inflammatory focus is indicated by characteristic discharge.

Complications and consequences

Untreated violations of the integrity of vaginal tissues are dangerous due to the development of more complex pathologies: inflammation, neoplasms, involvement of the uterine area in the inflammatory process, which can lead to infertility.

Diagnostics vaginal fissures

A doctor can diagnose cracks by examining them on a gynecological chair. He will take a smear for bacterioscopic examination, use colposcopy - examination of the vaginal walls with a special device. General blood and urine tests will determine the presence of concomitant diseases. Also, if necessary, hormone levels are checked, ultrasound and tomography of the pelvic organs are performed.

Differential diagnosis

Vaginal fissures are differentiated from fungal infections, vaginitis, and trauma.

Treatment vaginal fissures

Treatment of vaginal fissures is primarily aimed at the underlying cause that caused their formation. Infectious and viral diseases are treated with antibiotics, antiseptic vaginal tablets and suppositories, fungal diseases - with antihistamines.

In case of vaginal dysbacteriosis, therapy consists of stopping the inflammatory process by acting on the pathogen, using local antiseptics and restoring the microflora with the help of medications containing live cultures of bifido- and lactobacilli.

Vaginal dryness is eliminated by using non-hormonal lubricants and moisturizers, and drugs that restore hormonal balance.

Medicines

When an infectious agent is detected, a test is performed for its sensitivity to the antibiotic, otherwise the treatment will be ineffective. Antibacterial drugs are both oral and for local use, made in the form of suppositories. The latter are very convenient, since the streamlined shape allows them to be easily placed in a natural cavity. They consist of an active substance and a fatty base, such as chlorhexidine.

• Chlorhexidine - the active component chlorhexidine gluconate has a broad spectrum of action. It is inserted into the vagina 2 times a day, the course of treatment is 7-10 days. It is not contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women. It can cause allergic reactions at the site of application.
• Terzhinan - vaginal tablets. Used to treat vaginitis of various origins. Frequency - 1 piece 1-2 times a day for 10 days. Therapy is combined with strict personal hygiene. Not prescribed for hypersensitivity to its components.

Ointments for vaginal cracks are also effective:

• Montavit - gel, restores natural vaginal secretion. The mucous membrane tolerates the application of the product to the vaginal walls well, does not cause side effects;
• cicatridine is a homeopathic remedy based on hyaluronic acid, which improves the process of epithelization and healing. It can be used 2-3 times a day. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, it can only be used with the permission of a doctor;
  • muvazhel is a non-hormonal gel. Restores natural hydration, accelerates mucosal regeneration, wound healing, stimulates the production of hyaluronic acid. It is packaged in disposable tubes, which is very convenient to use. The capsule tip is inserted into the vagina and squeezed out. Side effects may include an allergic reaction.

Vitamins

Since vitamin deficiency in the body is expressed by various disorders of the skin and mucous membranes, it is necessary to periodically replenish your reserves with them. Vitamins A, E, C, and group B are responsible for this. In addition to selecting products with a high content of them, you need to periodically resort to vitamin and mineral complexes.

Physiotherapy treatment

A comprehensive approach to treatment, including physiotherapy along with medication, will help speed up the healing of cracks. This may include hydrotherapy with mineral water (baths), irrigation, mud tampons and tampons soaked in herbal decoctions, as well as vaginal magnetic therapy.

Folk remedies

Traditional recipes mainly offer herbal treatment. Decoctions for douching and baths are prepared from plants that have anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and antioxidant properties. These include chamomile, calendula, string, and nettle. Medicinal infusions taken internally will also help strengthen the immune system (ginseng, pink radiola, echinacea) and restore hormonal balance.

The herb orthilia secunda copes well with the latter task. Prepare a decoction based on the proportions: a tablespoon of raw material per half a liter of water. Drink a third of a glass 3 times a day.

Homeopathy

Homeopathy offers many varieties of suppositories for the treatment of women's diseases, in the production of which various vegetable oils, extracts, and minerals in dilutions are used:

• women's (anti-inflammatory) - with propolis, calendula, cocoa butter. The suppository is placed twice a day, morning and evening. The drug can cause an allergy, which is a signal to stop using them;
• Hemovita is a combined antimicrobial, antifungal, wound and crack healing drug. It is administered at night after a hygiene procedure;
• Thai metronidazole - suppositories, used for fungal, infectious vaginitis. Contraindicated for pregnant women, with allergies to the components;
• anti-k – contains tea tree oil, sea buckthorn, fir, cocoa; essences of St. John's wort, thuja, wormwood, yarrow, etc. An effective remedy against inflammations and cracks. Improves tissue metabolism, accelerates cell regeneration, relieves itching and other unpleasant sensations.

Prevention

Preventive measures to prevent the formation of vaginal cracks include adequate hygiene, a healthy lifestyle, good nutrition and sexual activity with one partner, timely treatment of inflammation and infections.

Forecast

Cracks tend to heal (sometimes this can take quite a long time), but ignoring the problem can lead to the formation of scars, which complicate sexual intercourse and cause further trauma to the vagina.