Antibiotics for cervicitis

Treatment of cervicitis - an inflammatory process in the vaginal part of the cervix, in almost all cases requires the appointment of antibiotics. Only in the case of a viral etiology of the disease, antiviral agents are used for treatment. Antibiotics for cervicitis are appointed selectively, depending on the detected pathogens of infection.

Treatment of cervicitis with antibiotics

At the initial stage of development of cervicitis, it is very important to conduct adequate medication to neutralize the bacteria that provoked the disease. Always preparations are appointed, proceeding from results of the microbiological analysis.

If a specific pathogen is found in the patient, then the treatment is carried out with strictly directed drugs, which affect a certain type of bacteria - both of which have to be treated by both sex partners. If the disease is caused by trichomonads or bacterial flora, antibiotic use is mandatory.

After the course of antibiotic therapy, it is recommended to undergo a regimen for restoring the quality of the vaginal microflora. Vaginal suppositories are suitable for this purpose - for example, Bifikol, Atzilact, Vagilak, Lactobacterin, etc.

Indications of the antibiotics for cervicitis

Cervicitis is not in all cases should be treated with antibiotics. Treatment is always selected individually - this depends, first of all, on the root cause of the disease. So, the use of antibiotics in cervicitis is considered appropriate only when the inflammatory process is caused by pathogenic microorganisms. In this case, the choice of a particular antibiotic depends on the species of microbes. For example, cervicitis of Chlamydia nature is to be treated with antibiotics such as macrolides or tetracyclines.

However, not always cervicitis has a bacterial etiology. The cause of the inflammatory process can become fungi - in this case, the doctor will apply treatment with antifungal agents (for example, Flucostat or Diflucan).

In addition, often the development of cervicitis provokes a viral infection - such patients have to undergo treatment with antiviral and immunomodulating medications. Such therapy is longer and more complex.

And one more possible cause of cervicitis is a hormonal disorder. This type of disease is also not subject to antibiotic therapy. It is treated with the use of hormonal drugs, to prevent atrophic changes in the tissues of the genital tract.

If during the diagnosis a specific infectious agent is found in the patient, the therapy should be carried out not only by the woman, but also by her sexual partner, in order to avoid the subsequent repeated relapse.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Antibiotics for chronic cervicitis

To cure chronic form of cervicitis, surgical treatment is often used. However, it is impossible to start surgical methods of influence, without previously eliminating foci of infection in the body. Therefore, the intake of antibiotics is mandatory, both before the cryotherapy, and before the laser treatment procedures.

Antibiotics in this situation are prescribed after the final diagnosis and detection of an infectious agent based on the diagnostic results. Against the background of antibiotic therapy, physiotherapeutic effects and medications that stabilize the body's immune function are often used.

The use of antibiotics in cervicitis and frequent overflow of the disease from acute to chronic process is often associated with the ingress of bacteria into the glands of the cervical canal. In this place, microbes become hard to reach for drug exposure, so there is a high risk of re-infection. And in the case of the presence of other infectious diseases and the weakening of immunity, the recurrence of cervicitis is almost inevitable. For these reasons, the use of antibiotics in cervicitis is particularly recommended for chronic disease

[7], [8], [9]

Release form

Antibiotics for cervicitis can be used in several variants. The most common tableted antibiotics, or drugs in capsules. They are convenient to take, they work well. However, at the initial stage of the disease, faster and more concentrated delivery of the drug to the blood often is required - in such cases it is preferable to use an antibiotic solution, which is injected, intramuscularly or intravenously.

Another variant of the form of release of an antibiotic is a suspension. This drug is used mainly for the treatment of children.

Names of antibiotics that are used in cervicitis

Several groups of antibiotics are suitable for treating cervicitis.

• Antibiotics penicillin group (semisynthetic, protected, combined action) are available in the form of tablets or injection solution. The most common penicillin drugs prescribed for cervicitis are:

1. Ampicillin - in powder or in tablets, take an average of 4 times a day from 250 mg per reception;
2. Amoxicillin - in capsules, take for 5-7 days;
3. Carbenicillin - often prescribed as a drip infusion in severe disease;
4. Augmentin, Flemoclav - refer to drugs of combined action and are often used to treat the chronic form of cervicitis;
5. Trifamox, Ammiside are antibiotics with enhanced action, which are particularly appropriate in the acute course of polyinfectious cervicitis (when several infectious pathogens are detected at once);
6. Santa, Tazacin are solutions that are used for intravenous drip of antibiotics.

• Antibiotics of the cephalosporin group are potent drugs with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity. Such antibiotics are often prescribed in the form of Ceftriaxone, Suprax, Cefuroxime.
• Antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone group are often avoided due to their increased toxic effect on the kidneys. In addition, fluoroquinolones are not suitable for prescribing to children, pregnant patients, and to those women who are breastfeeding. Among such preparations, the most known are Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin.
• Antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group in most cases are used only for parenteral administration - in severe forms of the disease, provoked by opportunistic anaerobic bacteria. Aminoglycosides such as Gentamicin, Sizomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, and Nethylmycin may be prescribed.
• Antibiotics of the tetracycline group are often irreplaceable in cervicitis provoked by intracellular pathogens - for example, in chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis. A typical representative of tetracycline antibiotics is Doxycycline.

[10], [11], [12], [13]

Pharmacodynamics

The drug effect of antibiotics in cervicitis, we consider the example of a common cephalosporin drug, such as Cefotaxime. Cefotaxime is often used for the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary sphere, and in particular - with bacterial cervicitis.

Cefatoxime is suitable for parenteral administration, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. It can be used to affect the gram-positive and gram-negative flora, as well as microbes resistant to the effects of penicillins, aminoglycosides, sulfonamide preparations.

The antibacterial properties of Cefotaxime consist in inhibiting the activity of the enzyme transpeptidase by inhibiting peptidoglycan, as well as the breakdown of the formation of bacterial cell walls.

Cefatoxime is capable of destructive effect on multidrug resistant strains showing resistance to penicillinase, cephalosporin antibiotics of the first and second generations, aminoglycoside preparations.

Cefatoxime demonstrates weaker activity relative to Gram-negative cocci flora, in contrast to first-generation cephalosporin antibiotics.

[14], [15], [16], [17]

Pharmacokinetics

After the intramuscular injection of cefatoxime into the body, the limit in the blood is fixed in half an hour. In the blood, an antibiotic, 30-40%, comes into contact with plasma proteins. The bactericidal effect of the drug can last up to 12 hours.

Cefatoxime is perfectly distributed in tissues and body environments, overcomes the placental layer, is found in breast milk.

Up to 90% of the drug leaves the body with urinary fluid, the rest is excreted with feces and breast milk. The half-life with intramuscular injection is 1-1 ½ hours.

[18], [19], [20], [21], [22]

Dosing and administration

Antibiotics for cervicitis are prescribed according to individual schemes. The sensitivity of the detected bacteria to the action of antibiotics is necessarily taken into account, otherwise the treatment may become in vain.

Before you start taking antibiotics for cervicitis, you need to remember a few simple recommendations that will help make treatment more effective:

• You can not change the dosage of the drug prescribed by the doctor;
• Tablets should be washed down with water (not milk and not hot tea);
• During the course of antibiotic therapy, you should not drink alcohol - even in small quantities.

If we consider the example of the cephalosporin antibiotic Cefotaxime, then it is often prescribed intramuscularly, 1 g every 8-12 hours. One gram of antibiotic is diluted in 4 ml of the solvent. To do this, you can use water for injection, or 1% lidocaine.

You should consult a doctor about taking probiotic and antifungal medications, to prevent dysbacteriosis after antibiotic therapy.

[30], [31], [32], [33], [34]

Use of the antibiotics for cervicitis during pregnancy

Cervicitis in pregnancy is considered a very dangerous disease, as its complications can be spontaneous termination of pregnancy, fading or impaired development of the fetus. Therefore, to start cervicitis treatment is necessary as soon as possible.

Before appointing antibiotics for cervicitis in a pregnant woman, the doctor must determine the type of infectious agent. For this, the following diagnostics are carried out:

• bakposev cervical secretions;
• polymerase reaction (with suspicion of chlamydia);
• linked immunosorbent assay.

If nevertheless there is a need for the use of antibiotics, then the drugs in this case are selected the most sparing and safe, for example, Doxycycline. It is preferable to use antibiotic therapy in cervicitis in the second half of pregnancy.

Contraindications

Antibiotics for cervicitis are not used in cases of hypersensitivity to a particular group of drugs.

Relative contraindications are the period of pregnancy, breastfeeding and children's age.

The presence of other possible contraindications can be found in the instructions for a specific antibiotic.

With caution apply antibiotics:

• with impaired hematopoietic function;
• with insufficient efficiency of the kidneys;
• at violations of liver function;
• with severe endocrine disorders.

In addition, the reception of antibiotics in cervicitis must be coordinated with treatment with other medicines, since not all medications are combined.

[23], [24], [25]

Side effects of the antibiotics for cervicitis

Reception of antibiotics in cervicitis is often accompanied by the appearance of unwanted side-effects. The main disadvantage of most antibiotics is their toxicity. Therefore, one should never take such medications on their own so as not to harm their health.

Adverse symptoms may be:

• hearing impairment, tinnitus (especially with prolonged treatment or improper dosing of antibiotics);
• dry mouth, thirst, change in the volume of urine output;
• respiratory depression, dyspnea;
• coordination disorder, dizziness;
• paresthesia, impaired vision.

Nevertheless, the most frequent adverse manifestation is an allergic reaction, which is expressed as a skin rash, swelling, itching. In severe cases, anaphylactic shock can develop.

[26], [27], [28], [29]

Overdose

Taking an unreasonably high amount of antibiotic can lead to an increase in the severity of side effects, as well as the appearance of seizures, encephalopathy, tremors in the extremities, and an increase in neuromuscular excitability.

When an overdose is almost always used only symptomatic therapy. The action of symptomatic medicines is directed to the elimination of the toxic effect of the antibiotic on the body, as well as on the maintenance of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system.

[35], [36], [37], [38], [39]

Interactions with other drugs

It is not recommended to mix different drugs in one injection syringe or in a single dropper.

Antibiotic cefataxime can cause bleeding if it is combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or anti-aggregates.

The risk of disrupting the kidneys increases with a combination of loop diuretics and polymyxin B with aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Tetracyclines should not be combined with medications that include metal ions. Antacids, as well as preparations of iron, calcium and magnesium can be referred to such medicines.

Do not combine tetracyclines with penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, because of the fundamentally different mechanism of action of the drugs.

Anti-acid agents, ethyl alcohol impair the absorption of antibiotics from the digestive tract. In addition, ethanol increases the toxic effect of drugs.

[40], [41], [42]

Storage conditions

Antibiotics used to treat cervicitis are kept in places that are protected from direct sunlight and from ingress of moisture. Optimum storage of medicines under temperature conditions from +15 to + 25 ° C.

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that children do not have access to storage facilities for medicines.

[43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]

Shelf life

The average shelf-life of antibiotics is 2-3 years, depending on the particular preparation. Under no circumstances should you use antibiotics in cervicitis after the expiration of their shelf life.

[51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57]