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Developmental anomalies of the eye
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
Complex development of the eyeball leads to the appearance of congenital defects. Most often, there is an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, as a result of which the image on the retina is distorted (astigmatism). When the proportions of the eyeball are disturbed, congenital myopia (the visual axis is elongated) or hyperopia (the visual axis is shortened) appear. A gap in the iris (coloboma) most often occurs in its anteromedial segment. Remnants of the vitreous artery branches interfere with the passage of light in the vitreous body. Sometimes there is a violation of the transparency of the lens (congenital cataract). Underdevelopment of the venous sinus of the sclera (Schlemm's canal) or the space of the iridocorneal angle (Fountain spaces) causes congenital glaucoma.
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