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Gender reassignment

Medical expert of the article

Plastic surgeon
, medical expert
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025

Sex reassignment is a serious operation, not recommended for everyone. As people age, problems with gender identity usually go away, but a certain percentage of people in adulthood continue to feel uncomfortable in their own bodies.

It all starts in childhood. A boy puts on dresses, and a girl plays football and wears trousers. In order for the shell to reflect the inner essence of a transsexual, they take this risky step - gender reassignment. The average age of those who decide to undergo the operation is 35 years.

Don't confuse transsexuality and homosexuality. Homosexuals feel normal in their bodies and, as a rule, do not want to change their gender.

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How do you change your gender?

Sex reassignment always begins with a psychiatrist's conclusion that the person is indeed a transsexual. It is necessary to undergo an examination and assess the state of health. Such lengthy preparation is necessary because nothing can be done if the person suddenly regrets it after the operation.

If gender reassignment is truly the only option, and this is determined by a medical commission, the person is prescribed hormonal drugs. Women immediately stop having periods, their hairiness increases, and men acquire female features. Civil gender must be changed before the operation. This is, of course, quite humiliating; some look at the "applicants" with pity, while others openly despise them.

It is always more difficult to make a woman a man, the percentage of successful operations in this case is lower. It is very difficult to replace female genitalia with male ones. However, many who need the operation find mental balance only after it has been performed.

In Israel, the waiting period for a decision has already been reduced to 9 months. Many countries are accommodating transsexuals. The approval committee consists of several people: a plastic surgeon, a psychiatrist, an endocrinologist, a gynecologist (or a urologist for men). The operation lasts 7-9 hours. To create a vagina, doctors use part of the penis. Labia are created from the skin of the scrotum. As a result, men have no external differences - even gynecologists mistake them for women. Of course, if the operation is successful.

After the operation, a liquid diet and a lot of sleep are recommended. Discharge occurs after 10 days. If the operation is performed in a good clinic, the risk of bleeding and infection is minimal.

Sex reassignment surgery

Some people feel very uncomfortable in their bodies. Such people are called transsexuals. Transsexualism is a behavioral disorder. But thanks to modern medicine, such people have a chance to change their lives. Sex change is a long and laborious process. And such patients require an ethical and careful approach. Sex change requires a lot of money, permission from the authorities and a passage through, it seems, all the circles of hell, because those who want to change their sex are waiting not only for several painful operations, but also for a long paperwork. Life expectancy after the operation is reduced, until the end of days the person who has gone through this drinks hormones, which affects the internal organs.

Thailand is the leader in the number of such operations. Thailand has the lowest cost of sex change operations. Officially, there are 15,000 transsexuals in the country.

Why do people decide to do this? Because gender defines individuality. Before the operation, a person must go through several stages of preparation. For a year, a person takes hormones and lives as a representative of the opposite sex. Permission is given only if a person has felt a gender incompatibility from an early age, causing him or her suffering. At the same time, the "candidate" should not have other mental deviations.

If the operation is successful, the person receives new documents. Family support is very important for adaptation.

Any surgery carries a risk of bleeding and infection, death from anesthesia. You need to weigh all the risks before deciding on it, because there will be no turning back.

Hormone therapy for gender reassignment

Hormone therapy for transsexuals includes taking estrogens and antiandrogens. In some cases, progestogens are also prescribed. Basically, estrogens are taken in tablet form or a special patch containing them is applied to the skin. Tablets suitable for hormone replacement therapy: Diane 35, Logest. The dosage of these drugs is individual. You cannot change the dose or stop taking them.

Hormone therapy begins 9 months before surgery and stops one month before.

Hormonal therapy begins with a blood test to determine the initial amount of hormones. The examination is carried out every 2 months. This frequency is minimal; if necessary, the analysis should be taken more often.

Of great importance for MtF transsexuals is the decrease in testosterone close to the lower limit of the norm for women.

After 6 months of therapy with female sex hormones, tests are taken for hemoglobin, lipid profile and liver enzymes.

After the operation, the level of hemoglobin and free testosterone (for men who have changed their gender to female) should be checked once a year.

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Changing gender from male to female

Changing gender from male to female is a common occurrence. The surgeon is faced with the task of forming a vagina from the tissues of the scrotum. In addition, they do breast augmentation and give the face a more feminine appearance by changing the cheekbones and chin, rhinoplasty.

Before the operation, the patient undergoes a long (about 3 years) period of preparation. It includes psychological adaptation to the new gender role and taking hormones. The absence of a confirmed diagnosis of transsexuality, homosexuality and childhood (before adulthood) are contraindications to changing the male sex to female.

After the operation, the patient remains in hospital for 5-6 days.

The external genitalia are formed either by transplanting skin from the penis and scrotum, or using tissue from the sigmoid colon.

After surgery, it is recommended to limit physical and sexual activity.

Why have cases of gender reassignment from male to female become so frequent? In recent years, women have become increasingly strong, while men have turned from formidable lions into cats. But this is not the only issue. Scientists have proven that the causes of transsexuality should be sought during the period of intrauterine development. Sometimes a woman experiences a hormonal imbalance. This is the reason for the "substitution of consciousness."

Even after a person goes through these numerous sufferings, sometimes the problems do not end. For many representatives of the strong half of humanity, it is difficult to cope with the condemnation that society constantly expresses to them in connection with gender reassignment. Relatives and friends may simply experience shock.

The success of the operation depends on age and health. After the operation, the patient is under the surgeon's supervision.

Over the years of practice of conducting such interventions, medicine has developed special methods for managing transgender patients. The problem is that gender can be mental, genital and physical. The goal of the operation is to eliminate the contradiction between biological and mental gender.

Hormone therapy before surgery suppresses secondary characteristics of the "original" sex - the one the patient wishes to change. Hormone replacement therapy is prescribed for life.

How is the vagina recreated? There are several methods:

  1. Penile inversion method. The vagina is modeled from the skin of the penis in 5 hours. The method is the simplest and is widely used. After the operation, there are minimal side effects and rapid recovery of working capacity. The method is indicated if the penis length is more than 12 cm.
  2. A method with penis and scrotum skin transplantation. A long operation allows creating a vagina and labia of normal size. The operation is long – about 7 hours. Forearm skin can be used if there is not enough material. The method is practiced with a small penis size.
  3. The most complex method is modeling using a fragment of the sigmoid colon. After this operation, there is no risk of vaginal contraction. However, nausea and subsequent complications of bowel function may occur.

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Changing gender from female to male

Sex change from female to male involves the removal of mammary glands, dilation of the uterus and fallopian tubes, and the creation of a penis. The procedure of changing sex from male to female and from female to male always occurs in several long stages. The presence of transsexuality is confirmed by a psychiatrist. Then the patient takes hormones for a long time. And only after that a series of operations are performed.

First, the mammary glands are removed, then the ovaries and fallopian tubes, then the testicles and penis are formed. Rehabilitation after breast removal lasts about 3 weeks.

The operation to remove the ovaries and fallopian tubes is performed laparoscopically or openly. Rehabilitation after it takes about a week.

A penis of about 8 cm in length can be formed surgically. Phalloplasty is a very complex operation. Skin from the thighs or abdomen is taken for transplantation.

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Gender reassignment in children

The number of teenagers who are helped by doctors to change their sex is growing. The structure of the brain of such people is always closer to the other sex. Some children try to get rid of secondary sexual characteristics, mutilate themselves, and are subjected to ridicule. Therefore, from puberty to 18 years, such teenagers take medications to stop sexual development, and then, as adults, undergo sex reassignment surgery.

If a newborn has deformed genitals, you need to immediately choose the sex for him and operate. Usually hermaphrodites are turned into women. But, of course, such children become sterile in the future.

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Forced gender reassignment

History knows of cases of forced sex change. Similar experiments were conducted in Nazi concentration camps. Josef Mengele was a doctor who used thousands of Auschwitz prisoners to conduct cruel experiments, cut off parts of children's livers, infected people with typhus and performed forced sex change operations.

Unfortunately, such savagery is still thriving in some countries. Due to cultural peculiarities in India, it is better for a family when a boy is born. Therefore, some parents find doctors who commit a crime - changing the sex of a child who was not born with characteristics of both sexes.

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Gender reassignment in Thailand

The leader in gender reassignment surgeries is Thailand. Thai surgeons have a lot of experience in this field. In Thailand, gender reassignment surgery will cost three times less than in the US, and the quality will hardly suffer. In Thailand, gender reassignment surgery is performed on people over 18 years old. More often, men want to change their gender than women.

The patient spends a month in Thailand after the operation for rehabilitation.

Gender reassignment is successfully carried out by doctors at the Bangkok Hospital Pattaya clinic.

The starting price for a sex change operation in Thailand is $5,000. In recent decades, medical tourism in Thailand has become very popular. Here, people combine relaxation with useful activities.

Plastic surgeons in Thailand are professionals in their field. The low price is explained by high competition. Many surgeons give lectures at US universities. The hospitals have excellent service and clean wards. The climate of Thailand speeds up recovery after surgery: it is warm here, the sea is nearby.

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Sex after gender reassignment

Sex change, if it is done normally, has little effect on the quality of sex, it is close to normal. However, it still happens that such an experience ends in disappointment.

A transsexual girl is not a man. Gender identity always depends not on the genitals, but on the brain. Transsexual women are not homosexuals. They are women in every sense of the word, born in a male body. We all fall in love not only with the body, but also with the soul. You can consider that nature mistakenly imprisoned a transsexual in a body of the opposite sex, and the operation simply corrected this mistake, finding a way to harmony with himself and the world.

Problems can arise when the desires of partners do not coincide. Transsexuals' sexuality differs from that of men in the same way as that of women.

If a woman turns into a man, the base of the penis is formed from the remains of the genitals and during the next operation a prosthesis is attached to it, or the penis is formed from one's own tissues. The "grown" penis has only slightly reduced sensitivity.

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Orgasm after gender reassignment

Sex reassignment makes orgasm possible. This can happen immediately or after some time, sometimes several years. Most patients are satisfied with the results they achieve.

Sex reassignment is a serious change, many people who go through it have illusions about their new body, are in the clouds, and do not understand what they will face after the operation. If you have such a desire, be prepared for hatred, aggression, and rejection from others, even close friends and family. Be prepared to change jobs. All the necessary tests and examinations will take one and a half to two years. It will cost you a pretty penny, about a thousand dollars. Hormone therapy begins 9 months before the operation and is prescribed for life. The operation costs $7,000-20,000, but some countries have made it free for their citizens. After the operation, you will have to change your passport, diploma, health insurance, and go through a huge number of bureaucratic procedures. This is about another year.

If you experience sexual satisfaction from wearing women's underwear, this is fetishism, not transsexualism. You do not need to change your gender in this case.

Your libido and even the direction of sexual desire will change after the surgery. As a result of taking hormones, your kidneys and heart will fail faster. Hormones in such quantities are harmful to the body in any case, even if you have heroic health. Hormones are poison. They cannot be poison only when they are produced naturally. You do not need to escape problems in life by changing your gender, because psychologists and psychiatrists will definitely notice this when they give you a "verdict" - to have or not to have the surgery. And no problem can be solved by changing your gender. If you are a man and want to become a woman, then we will tell you that you will never become a woman in the full sense of the word due to infertility. The entire transformation takes 2-5 years. Sometimes many facial surgeries are necessary, because hormones cannot make you a woman, they can only help you look like a woman. Relatives and friends always react negatively to such things, that is, having solved one problem, you can acquire many other psychological problems in addition. And again you will knock on the doors of psychologists and psychotherapists.

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