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Dandruff and hair loss

 
, medical expert
Last reviewed: 14.03.2024
 
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A healthy appearance is always not only the result of self-care, but also an indicator of internal health, the condition and quality of work of all organs and systems in the body. It often happens that we carefully care for hair and skin, but their condition is still not happy. Why does this happen? What internal problems can cause dandruff and hair loss? How to correct the situation and improve health and appearance? We will try to answer these questions in detail.

Epidemiology

According to statistics, almost 75% of the population of our country have certain problems with the scalp and hair, in particular, we are talking about dandruff and hair loss. We lose hairs every day, but they say about pathological hair loss if their number exceeds 100-120 pieces per day. Both individual hairs and whole strands can fall out, which indicates a rather serious pathology. It's time to sound the alarm if a large amount of hair remains on the comb, in the shower or bath drain, and also if the shoulders and clothes are covered with visible dandruff (white scales) and individual hairs.

Men are more likely to experience this problem than women. For example, in 60% of men, hair becomes noticeably less by the age of 30, and dandruff is found in every second representative of the stronger sex.

Causes of the dandruff and hair loss

The problem of hair loss and dandruff is not in all cases due to direct disorders in the skin or hair follicles. Often this signals a general malfunction in the body. Therefore, it is important to first determine the cause, and only after that think about how to restore a beautiful hairstyle. If this is not done, but simply trying to influence various external means, then you can get either a temporary improvement, or there will be no effect at all. [1], [2]

So, the causes of hair loss and dandruff can be:

  • malfunctions of the endocrine system, thyroid disease;
  • metabolic disorders, diseases of the digestive organs;
  • hormonal imbalance;
  • infectious and inflammatory processes;
  • tumor processes;
  • autoimmune pathologies.

In addition, the health of the hairline can be spoiled by:

  • regular lack of sleep;
  • frequent or deep stress;
  • excessive physical or intellectual stress;
  • psycho-emotional disorders;
  • illiterate skin and hair care.

Risk factors

In addition to the immediate causes, the risk factors that to some extent affect the appearance of the problem of alopecia and dandruff are also of no small importance:

  • hair perm procedures, frequent dyeing, highlighting or bleaching, regular hair drying with a hairdryer, use of curling irons or ironing;
  • improper care, incorrectly selected detergents and cosmetics;
  • frequent exposure to rain, cold, wind, sunlight, lack of headgear in frosty weather;
  • prolonged lack of vitamins and minerals, monotonous diet, frequent strict diets or fasting periods;
  • strong hormonal changes in the body (puberty, pregnancy, menopause);
  • physical damage to the hairline, exposure to radiation, major surgery, chemotherapy, long courses of antibiotics or hormonal drugs.

Pathogenesis

With increased secretion of the sebaceous glands, the scales of the epidermis are retained on the skin, accumulate, blocking the ducts. Nutrients are blocked. On the skin of the head, a kind of exfoliated layer is formed, which prevents the full supply of oxygen to the tissues. As a result, the bulbs begin to deplete, and the hair shafts die.

Dry dandruff appears with insufficient function of the sebaceous glands. The skin is not sufficiently moisturized, the hair begins to fall out, and dandruff becomes more and more. In some areas, "bald patches" - partial areas of baldness can form, which is accompanied by a feeling of discomfort and itching.

Trichologists explain the appearance of the problem with fungal diseases, unbalanced nutrition, frequent stress loads, and hormonal changes. However, the most common causes are improper care, bad habits, abuse of care and styling products. Hereditary predisposition is not excluded. [3]

Symptoms of the dandruff and hair loss

Hair loss in certain amounts refers to natural processes, which cannot be said about dandruff. Every day a person loses up to a hundred hairs, and the volume of lost and new hairs is in a stable balance. They talk about pathology when the loss exceeds the norm and becomes obvious, and dandruff becomes visible to the naked eye: on the shoulders, on clothes.

The average lifespan of one hair is up to seven years. At first, it has a "cannon" structure, after a while it begins to grow actively - on average, within 2-7 years. After this, the ketagenic phase begins, during which the hair is preparing to leave the hairline: within three or four months it falls out. As a rule, if this happens ahead of time, then the cause should be sought in the period 3-4 weeks before the onset of the problem.

The first signs of a problem are usually found in the form of small crumbling scales. The scalp becomes irritable, requires frequent washing, itches, and can suffer from both excessive dryness and increased oiliness. Hair becomes brittle, unhealthy in appearance. Dandruff can gradually transform from small to large. However, the symptoms are not always so obvious: in some people, the problem is almost asymptomatic, only multiple scales and loose hair on clothes and a comb are noticeable. [4]

Hair loss and dandruff in women

In women, the problem of dandruff and hair loss is different from that of men. The hairline thins slowly and evenly over the entire surface of the head, and the process begins with the crown and fronto-parietal region. But in the anterior zone, bald patches are not formed.

In women, alopecia occurs through two mechanisms:

  • the telogen type is characterized by a premature transition of the bulbs into a "sleeping" state, which happens against the background of chronic pathologies, infectious or endocrine diseases;
  • the anagen type is a consequence of the influence of aggressive external factors, and the bulbs die in such a situation - for example, under the influence of drugs, radiation, chemotherapy, etc.

The first type is considered the most susceptible to treatment: it is possible to correct hair growth even at home. The second type is treated only with incomplete death of the follicles.

A particularly common problem in women is the deterioration of hair quality during pregnancy and lactation, as well as against the background of prolonged treatment with hormonal agents or oral contraceptives. Moreover, if there is hyperandrogenism in the body, then male pattern baldness can be observed.

A pronounced deterioration in the condition of the hairline is noted within a month after childbirth, in many young mothers - within a few months. Negative changes are also recorded during menopause, against the background of reduced estrogen secretion and increased testosterone levels.

Dandruff and hair loss in men

If dandruff in men is accompanied by severe hair loss, then in most cases we are talking about these types of baldness:

  • A hereditary feature, or androgenetic alopecia, caused by an increase in the amount of dihydrotestosterone in the body, which leads to a deterioration in the quality and early death of the follicle. First of all, the hairline is lost in the fronto-parietal region, but first of all - on the first line of growth and in the crown zone. The temples and the back of the head are usually not affected.
  • Diffuse alopecia occurs evenly over the entire surface of the head. It can be caused by malfunctions of the endocrine system, hormonal disorders, dermatological and infectious-inflammatory processes.
  • Focal baldness is characterized by the appearance of individual "bald patches": the problem usually relates to injuries, infectious or autoimmune processes in the body. By the way, a clear factor in the appearance of the problem has not yet been established. Therefore, to determine the cause, most likely, you will need to undergo a thorough diagnosis.

In most cases, the deterioration of hair in men is associated with a certain lifestyle, bad habits, malnutrition, lack of proper personal care. Of course, these factors also need to be considered in order to figure out the best way to get rid of the problem.

Oily dandruff and hair loss

Oily dandruff often "visits" men - in particular, against the background of hormonal changes or due to endocrine disorders. It also appears in adolescence, when the body is actively developing and changing, puberty occurs.

With oily dandruff, there are few scales on the head. Unlike the dry type, they are yellowish and relatively large. In addition to direct differences in dandruff itself, you can also pay attention to the condition of the hair, which is prone not only to loss, but also to rapid pollution. Even if you wash your hair in the morning, by the evening the hairstyle becomes “heavy”, shiny, wet-looking. The roots stick together and become oily.

In general, people with oily dandruff often suffer from increased sweating, acne, and other skin conditions.

Dry dandruff and hair loss

Dry dandruff is more often found in men, but this does not mean that women do not have it. In appearance, such dandruff is small, light, it is difficult not to notice it on clothes. The scales are perfectly combed out with an ordinary comb: for example, if you bend your head down and comb it a little, or even just “fluff” your hair with your palm, you can find a lot of light falling “snowflakes”.

With dry dandruff, the skin often flakes off. The head has to be washed almost every day: if this is not done, itching appears, which intensifies with each passing day.

After washing, a person feels relieved, but the hair still does not look very healthy: it falls out, is weak and brittle. If you additionally load them with chemical influence - do a perm, dye, etc. - then their condition quickly worsens: the hairs become dull and lifeless.

Dandruff, itching and hair loss

Dandruff, hair loss and other discomforts are not always caused by a malfunction of the sebaceous glands. If the problems are deep inside the body, then the problem may be accompanied by much more serious symptoms, such as:

  • sleep disturbances, appetite, changes in body weight, irritability, apathy, depression (if the cause is hormonal or endocrine disorders);
  • the appearance of circles under the eyes, general weakness, dizziness, decreased performance, deterioration of the skin and nails, the appearance of seizures (if the cause lies in a deficiency of vitamins and trace elements);
  • pain in the joints, muscles, increased fatigue, drowsiness (with violations of mineral metabolism);
  • prolonged constipation, diarrhea, increased gas formation, heartburn, abdominal pain (if the cause is diseases of the gastrointestinal tract).

When it is not possible to independently determine the cause of such a nuisance as dandruff and hair loss, then you need to visit a doctor and consult with him: a specialist trichologist, a therapist and a dermatologist can help. The main thing is not to start the problem and start treatment on time.

Complications and consequences

The main and most unfavorable consequence of dandruff and hair loss is, in fact, hair loss. True, in order for this to happen, you need to start the process strongly. Some people, and especially men, do not pay due attention to the aesthetics of their appearance - at least until they begin to bring discomfort or draw attention to themselves.

In addition, the psychological factor also plays a role: a debilitating itch begins to bother a person, insomnia appears, the nervous system suffers, and working capacity is impaired.

To avoid complications, you need to be attentive to your health and appearance, to notice any negative changes. The main signs, such as itching for no reason, redness of the skin, excessive dryness or, conversely, oily hair, should be the reason for contacting a specialist.

Diagnostics of the dandruff and hair loss

In order to find the cause of dandruff and hair loss, the patient is first examined by an external examination, then a survey, including the collection of information about nutrition, lifestyle, existing diseases, etc. If it was not possible to find out the obvious reasons, then additional studies are prescribed:

  • laboratory tests (blood test, hormonal assessment);
  • spectral analysis of hair for the content of trace elements (helps to identify the lack of basic and additional trace elements, as well as to detect the presence of toxic substances).

If you suspect a disease of the internal organs, an ultrasound is prescribed.

Differential diagnosis is carried out with alopecia areata, seborrheic dermatitis, mineral metabolism disorders, rickets, thyroid diseases, etc.

Treatment of the dandruff and hair loss

To restore the health of the skin and hairline, you need to find out the cause of the problem and correctly act on it. You can do this in several ways:

  • use medication (for example, take antifungal drugs);
  • change washing and other caring cosmetics to professional ones specially designed to fix the problem;
  • apply alternative remedies that can be really effective in the early stages of dandruff and hair loss.

Regardless of the chosen treatment tactics, you need to pay attention to nutrition:

  • include in the diet foods rich in vitamins and minerals;
  • improve digestive processes;
  • stabilize metabolism.

Any medication is prescribed by a doctor. And the use of alternative medicine prescriptions is also desirable to coordinate with the attending physician, given the underlying cause of the problem.

Remedies for dandruff and hair loss

Strong and well-groomed hair is an attribute of any neat and self-respecting person. Therefore, cosmetics manufacturers make sure that pharmacies and cosmetic stores have the entire range of products for dandruff and hair loss. Such products contain various useful components that should have the following medicinal properties:

  • strengthen both the hair itself and the hair follicle;
  • create favorable conditions for growth;
  • ensure the supply of nutrients;
  • neutralize the negative factors affecting the skin and hairline;
  • restore the structure of hair and skin;
  • stabilize the work of the sebaceous glands.

There are many remedies, both pharmacy and professional, as well as homemade, that cure and prevent further dandruff and hair loss. We will tell you about some of them further.

Medications

Most often, at the first signs of dandruff and hair loss, doctors recommend starting a multivitamin preparation. There are many such funds - both domestic and foreign manufacturers. When choosing multivitamins, you need to pay attention not so much to their cost, but to the quantitative and qualitative composition. Good advice regarding the choice of remedy can be given by the attending physician or pharmacist.

  • A complex vitamin preparation Alphabet will help get rid of dandruff, itching, stop hair loss and thinning. The alphabet contains the main essential vitamins and minerals, which are well combined with each other and are perfectly absorbed by the body.
  • Revalid is a drug rich in vitamins and amino acids that strengthen and accelerate hair growth. Revalid has practically no side effects, belongs to an affordable price category. It is taken for a long time - on average, about three months.
  • Perfectil is a vitamin remedy for maintaining the normal condition of the skin - in particular, on the head. Already in the course of one month of taking the skin color noticeably improves, dandruff disappears, hair loss stops. The drug is recommended for people with excessive dry skin, as well as for psoriasis, alopecia, dermatitis.
  • Nutricap is a complex tool for preventing hair loss, for nourishing and accelerating hair growth. It is optimal to take it for six months: this will allow you to get a good effect and fix it for a long time.

Side effects in the process of treatment with vitamin preparations are often allergic reactions. If you are allergic to any vitamin substance, then you need to carefully study the composition and consult a doctor about choosing a drug. When the first signs of allergy appear, the medication is stopped and the attending physician is consulted.

Among foreign drugs that simultaneously relieve dandruff and hair loss, the most popular is the Merz Beauty complex, the composition of which is represented by cysteine, methionine and zinc. Merz Beauty is distinguished by high restorative and protective properties, the ability to improve the hair structure. The drug is taken one tablet in the morning and in the evening, for a month. Possible side effects include headaches, hypersensitivity reactions, changes in blood pressure.

Pantovigar is a restorative medicine that combines a rich amino acid composition, cysteine and keratin. A month of taking Pantovigar significantly improves the condition of the skin, stops even severe hair loss. The drug is taken three times a day, one capsule. Possible side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, allergic reactions.

Biotin is a medicine that restores skin and hairline after long-term treatment with hormonal and antibacterial agents. Biotin is prescribed for dermatitis, dandruff, alopecia, early gray hair. It is enough to take one tablet a day for a month. Possible side effects of the drug: chest pain, skin rash. An overdose of Biotin is excluded.

Fitoval is a combined drug of systemic action, which is prescribed for different types of alopecia. Fitoval prevents hair loss, improves their quality, relieves itching and dandruff. It is taken 1-2 capsules per day, without chewing, with water. With severe hair loss and dandruff, it is allowed to take 3 capsules per day. Side effects are rare and short-lived, they are heartburn, indigestion, diarrhea.

Brewer's yeast is considered a universal remedy for eliminating problems with skin and hair. Yeast, which is sold in pharmacies, is most often combined with various trace elements, such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, etc. Other universal preparations are Evisent, Aurita, Vita-Sharm, etc.

Vitamins

  • Vitamin A improves growth, provides elasticity and shiny appearance of hair, prevents hair loss, accelerates skin cleansing from keratinized scales - dandruff. Pharmacies always have a wide selection of drugs that contain vitamin A. These are Aevit, Revit, Undevit and many others. In order to get it from food, it is enough to include in the diet such foods as egg yolks, dairy products (especially fatty ones), and liver.
  • Vitamin B 2  eliminates brittleness, regulates basal sebaceous balance and dry skin. A large amount of this vitamin is present in dairy products, durum wheat, meat and liver.
  • Vitamin B 3  prevents early aging and various hair diseases, including dandruff. This important component can be obtained by regularly eating fish, liver, brewer's yeast and whole grain bread.
  • Vitamin B 6  determines the condition of the scalp, eliminates dandruff. And it is found in meat food and eggs, dry yeast, soybeans, nuts and cabbage.
  • Folic acid, present in vegetables, hard cheese, cottage cheese, directly and positively affects hair growth, prevents hair loss.
  • Vitamin E acts on the hair follicle, saturating and strengthening it. And in combination with vitamin A - cleanses the skin, gives elasticity, prevents the appearance of dandruff. Vitamin E is present in sufficient quantities in vegetable oils, tomatoes, herbs, green peas.

Physiotherapy treatment

There are many physiotherapeutic methods for restoring hairline and improving skin condition. Which one to choose, and whether there is a need for this - the doctor will tell you.

  • Iontophoresis is a procedure based on the action of a direct galvanic current, when the necessary medicines are injected deep into the skin layers. As a result of this effect, subcutaneous blood circulation improves, cell renewal and metabolism are accelerated, the skin receives more nutrients, and the roots are strengthened.
  • Electrical stimulation - the use of pulsed currents to restore and renew tissues. The procedure has a positive effect on the vascular walls, stimulates capillary circulation, and normalizes hormonal balance. Electrical stimulation can be used for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
  • Microcurrent treatment - involves the use of a modulated pulsed ultra-small electric current, which is transmitted to the skin through electrodes. Thanks to the procedure, metabolism improves, metabolic processes are activated, skin and hair follicles are restored.
  • Cryotherapy is the effect of liquid nitrogen on the skin with the help of a special applicator system, which activates blood circulation and acts as a specific massager and stimulator. To eliminate dandruff and hair loss, 2-3 courses of treatment may be needed.
  • Vacuum exposure is a massage with the help of cans, which improves blood flow and air exchange, removes toxic substances, eliminates stagnation of lymphatic fluid.
  • Darsonvalization - the use of small currents of high voltage, accelerating the outflow of lymph, dilating blood vessels, normalizing the function of the sebaceous glands. Discharge effects contribute to oxygen saturation of the skin.
  • Laser treatments are treatments using low-intensity laser beams to strengthen hair follicles. The course of therapy consists of a series of regular sessions lasting about 25 minutes each.

Alternative Treatment

For hundreds of years, alternative recipes have been used for hair problems that have been passed down in families from generation to generation. From the usual products, our grandmothers prepared effective and safe preparations:

  • Vinegar remedy: dilute apple cider vinegar in water (2 tablespoons per 1 liter), wash your hair after each wash.
  • Remedy with onion peel: the peel was poured with water and boiled over low heat for an hour, cooled and rubbed into the scalp.
  • Honey remedy: mixed 2 cl. L. Honey with 4 tbsp. L. Lemon juice (if oily dandruff is present) or castor oil (if dandruff is dry). Stirred, added 1 tablespoon of sour cream, put the mass on the head, wrapped in a scarf and left for 2 hours. Then washed off with warm water and soap. The procedure was repeated once a week.

Recipes for dandruff and hair loss

Treatment of dandruff and hair loss should begin with the exclusion of factors that negatively affect the skin and hairline: in simpler terms, you need to remove what badly affects the hair and skin.

  • Too frequent drying, coloring, styling, waving procedures negatively affect the structure of the hairline, which becomes unattractive and weakened.
  • Frequent staining directly leads to skin irritation and dandruff.
  • Hormonal imbalances or drastic changes that are characteristic of pregnancy, lactation or menopause, severe stress, cause a lot of problems with the scalp.
  • Deficiency of vitamins and minerals leads to weakened immunity, deterioration of the appearance of the skin, hairline and nails. This problem begins to bother mainly in the winter.

It should be borne in mind that dandruff and hair loss can always be prevented if you try to eliminate these factors - for example, do not do beauty procedures too often, avoid stress, monitor the health of the whole body, visit doctors regularly, eat a full and balanced diet, and if necessary additionally take multivitamin preparations.

Home remedies for dandruff and hair loss

  • If the hair is dry, then when dandruff appears and to strengthen the curls, they must be moistened. Oils, herbal decoctions, etc. Are used as a moisturizer. For example, the following agents have a good effect:
    • juice from half a lemon is beaten with egg yolk and 1 tbsp. L. Vegetable oil, the mixture is distributed over the roots, wrapped with a scarf, washed off with warm water and detergent after an hour;
    • the skin on the head is treated with warm burdock oil, wrapped in a scarf, washed off with warm water and shampoo after an hour;
    • mix 1 tbsp. L. Honey, olive oil and aloe juice, raw egg yolk is added, the mass is applied to the hair and kept for 20 minutes under a cap, washed off with warm water and shampoo.

The result when using such drugs becomes noticeable immediately. Full hair restoration may take at least a month.

  • If the hair is oily, then the composition of the products should include antiseptic and disinfectant components. Recipes with fresh berries, fruits, as well as with irritating and disinfecting components (garlic, horseradish, onions, etc.) differ in good action. Onion juice in equivalent dilution with vodka has good qualities. The solution is applied to the scalp, and after half an hour, washed with water and detergent. After each wash, you should use a natural rinse prepared on the basis of medicinal plants.

Masks for dandruff and hair loss

Masks that are made shortly before washing your hair have excellent results. For example, many patients speak well of products based on oak bark and bulb husks. To prepare such a mask, you should take 200 g of each ingredient and mix, pour 1 liter of boiling water and hold on low heat for an hour. The drug is cooled and filtered, used for rubbing into the skin. After rubbing, the head is wrapped in cellophane, a woolen scarf or towel is fixed on top. The mask is washed off after about two hours, the hair is washed with warm water and shampoo.

A mixture of vegetable oil and lemon juice is excellent for dandruff. Oil in the amount of 2 tbsp. L. Mixed with the juice of ¼ lemon, applied to the scalp, wrapped in a scarf and kept for at least an hour. Then the mask is washed off with warm water and a high-quality detergent.

Shampoos for dandruff and hair loss

A regular care product that you should pay special attention to in case of dandruff and hair loss is shampoo. It is the shampoo that we use most often, so its effect on the scalp is especially important.

The product with which we regularly wash our hair should be hypoallergenic. And the composition should contain ingredients that improve the condition and provide nutrition to tissues and hair follicles.

All these requirements are met by Teana Gold Tiara Strengthening and Revitalizing Shampoo. If you use it regularly, it will “revive” and heal your curls and skin in a short period of time.

Cosmetic company Biobeauty presents a whole line of products that help get rid of dandruff and stop hair loss. For example, we are talking about the popular Phytonika preparations, or Famshampun.

For dry dandruff, Attirance Lavender shampoo can be an excellent remedy, and for oily dandruff, the product of the same brand Attirance Lemon and Olives can be an excellent remedy.

Another effective and well-known product for restoring hair health is Sulsena - it is both a shampoo and a drug that can cure bacterial, fungal diseases, and dysfunction of the sebaceous glands. Sulsena in the form of a shampoo or paste normalizes the process of epidermal cell renewal, creates unfavorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, inhibits excessive exfoliation, and improves the functioning of the sebum secretion system.

Of the pharmacy shampoos against dandruff and hair loss, Nizoral is the most famous. It is used if the problem is caused by a fungal infection: Nizoral destroys the infection, blocks cell growth, improves the hair structure (the product contains a strengthening component of collagen hydrolyzate). Treatment with Nizoral is usually long - up to six months or more, subject to use 2-3 times a week.

Essential oils for dandruff and hair loss

Essential oils are often used to treat skin and hair on the head, and this can be done in several ways:

  • adding oils to cosmetics (masks, shampoos, balms, etc.);
  • preparation of special oil products;
  • combing hair with the addition of oils.

For the first method, it is enough to add 3-5 drops of a suitable oil to cosmetics and detergents. There is no need for more: the essential oil is usually concentrated and saturated.

The second method involves preparing a mask: take one teaspoon of the base (any suitable vegetable oil - olive, peach, coconut, almond, etc.) and add 3-5 drops of the essential component to it. The mask is used weekly, but not more than 2-3 times a week, before washing the hair (about 1-2 hours).

The third way: a few drops of your favorite oil are dripped onto the comb and combed well. The procedure can be repeated daily.

Here are some essential oil components that are most suitable:

  • with strong loss, oils of tea and rosewood, rosemary, ylang-ylang and petitgrain, verbena, cedar and pine, cypress, frankincense, coriander, mint or calamus are used;
  • with dry dandruff, lemon balm, lavender, basil, chamomile, citrus, rosemary or geranium help;
  • for oily dandruff, grapefruit, tea tree, eucalyptus, and rosemary oils are used.

Universal oils are considered to be:

  • tea tree;
  • rosemary;
  • ylang-ylang.

Salt for dandruff and hair loss

Since there are a lot of home hair care products, everyone is free to choose the most suitable option for themselves. Among not only effective, but also affordable remedies for dandruff and hair loss, I would like to highlight salt preparations. Few people know how useful for external use, ordinary salt, which is available at any grocery store, can be. Salt is a natural scrubbing agent and absorbent. And for the care of curls, its types are suitable:

  • rock salt, coarse and medium;
  • boil-down;
  • sea salt;
  • self-planting (extracted from the bottom surface of salt lakes).

Salt masks and massages activate blood circulation, awaken "sleeping" hair follicles, cleanse the skin of dead scales, and facilitate tissue respiration. In addition, salt normalizes the work of the sebaceous glands, eliminates pathogenic flora.

The simplest and most effective way to use salt is to apply it and massage it into clean, wet hair and the root zone with massage movements. The massage is continued for 10-15 minutes, after which it is washed off with warm water without detergent. The procedure is repeated once a week, not more often.

You can also make salt masks by adding, in addition to salt, a few drops of essential oil, raw egg yolk, honey or lemon juice. The mask is applied to the hair along the entire length, the head is covered with polyethylene and a towel, and kept for a quarter of an hour. Then wash off with shampoo and warm water. Repeat the procedure once every 7-10 days.

Herbal treatment

The function of the sebaceous glands is normalized thanks to a mixture of crushed nettle leaves with 6% vinegar and water (proportions 100 g: 500 ml: 500 ml). The mass is boiled over low heat for half an hour. For ten consecutive days, the resulting decoction is used instead of shampoo.

An excellent proven remedy for dandruff is chamomile. Infusion of flowers washed clean hair after each wash. This decoction is especially recommended for owners of blond hair, as it gives them a pleasant golden hue. To prepare the infusion, steam 2 tbsp. L. Chamomile color in 1 liter of water, cool and filter. Treatment is continued for at least 2-3 weeks.

Birch leaves or lime blossom are often used as hair masks:

  • finely chopped birch leaves in the amount of 1 tbsp. L. Pour 300 ml of boiling water, keep under the lid for two hours, filter and use before and after washing the hair (before washing - as a mask, and after washing - as a rinse);
  • lime blossom in the amount of 2.5 tbsp. L. Pour 500 ml of boiling water, keep for half an hour in a thermos, filter and cool, use as a mask or rinse.

Homeopathy

If you trust homeopathic treatment, then it would be ideal to contact a qualified homeopathic specialist who will be able to choose the most optimal remedy in a particular case. Most often, homeopaths opt for such drugs:

  • Lycopodium is a remedy from the club moss plant that can easily cope with hair loss and dandruff if they are associated with hormonal changes in the body. In addition, Lycopodium successfully fights against the premature appearance of gray hair.
  • Hydrofluoric acid in low concentrations eliminates brittleness, loss, improves hair structure.
  • Phosphoric acid regulates the growth and quality of hair affected by nervous stress.
  • Phosphorus in combination with sulfur cleanses the skin from dandruff and strengthens curls.
  • Potash - regulates the sebaceous glands, stabilizes the fat content of the skin and hair.
  • Selenium is used for severe hair loss and deterioration of the skin not only on the head, but also on other parts of the body.
  • Sodium muriaticum - cures dandruff, seborrhea, improves the functioning of the sebaceous and sweat glands.

These drugs can be used in isolation, or as part of complex homeopathic remedies, such as Alopeton, Rehabiliton, Selenzin, Keranorm, Thallium Plus.

If the homeopathic remedy is chosen correctly, then it will not provoke side effects. Doses are prescribed individually, taking into account the characteristics of a particular patient.

Surgery

A surgeon can help restore hair lost due to genetic pattern baldness. Such a radical operation is called hair microtransplantation and is prescribed only for severe alopecia, when it is not possible to return curls by other methods. Hair follicles are transplanted from another area - for example, from the occipital region to the top of the head. After about a few months (up to six months), the patient grows new healthy hair. The seams on the "donor" site are almost invisible.

The operation is quite expensive, but some patients still decide to take this step, which allows them to restore the beauty of their hair. Previously, even before the intervention, a mandatory examination is carried out, since the procedure has a number of contraindications:

  • severe systemic pathologies;
  • rheumatoid arthritis;
  • diabetes;
  • psoriasis;
  • fungal infections;
  • pyoderma.

Surgical hair transplantation is an extreme measure, which is resorted to only in special cases, when there is no other way to restore the former beauty.

Prevention

Dandruff and hair loss can be prevented by following a few simple tips to keep your hair healthy and beautiful.

  • Avoid any damage to the skin on the head: choose a comfortable comb without sharp teeth, do not do too much procedures such as dyeing, perm, etc. If possible, do not use a hair dryer to dry.
  • Keep track of the regular intake of vitamins in the body. In winter or spring, as well as during pregnancy or with protracted illnesses, take multivitamin complex preparations.
  • To wash your hair, use warm water, but not hot or cold, as this affects the function of the sebaceous glands.
  • Choose detergents, taking into account the type of hair and skin. You should not opt for too budget options: as a rule, their composition is not natural and can harm the hair and appearance.
  • The head area should not be exposed to extreme cold and direct ultraviolet radiation. Sudden temperature changes negatively affect the viability of hair follicles.
  • Do not use other people's hats, combs.
  • Eat right, do not lean on too fatty and spicy foods, control the use of sweets.
  • Give up bad habits, walk more, relax and take care of the nervous system.

Forecast

It is unlikely that you will be able to get rid of the problem if you do not adhere to a healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition. The daily diet should consist of products that saturate the body with all the necessary useful components: vitamins, trace elements. You need to limit yourself to fatty and spicy foods, eat less sweets, muffins. Doctors advise to additionally take vitamin and mineral complexes.

If everything is done correctly, periodically consulting with a doctor - a trichologist, a therapist - then in a short period of time it is possible to bring the hairstyle into proper condition and return an attractive appearance. Dandruff and hair loss will cease to be a problem if you do not delay a visit to a specialist. A competent integrated approach allows you to get rid of unpleasant symptoms in just a few weeks.

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