Zatrin

Zatrin is an antibacterial agent for systemic use, belongs to the group of macrolide antibiotics. ATC code - J01F A10. Manufacturer - FDC Limited (India). Other trade names: Azithromycin, Azitrox, Sumamed, Sumametsin, Sumamox, Zitrolide, Zitrocin, Hemomycin.

Indications Zatrin

Zatrin is used in otolaryngology for the treatment of pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, otitis, and pneumonia caused by bacterial infections; in dermatology, for the treatment of erysipelas, impetigo, pyoderma (including staphylococcal sycosis), ecthyma, and bacterial balanitis; in urology, for the treatment of urethritis, chlamydial cervicitis, and colpitis.

Release form

Zatrin is available in 500 mg tablet form.

Pharmacodynamics

The mechanism of bactericidal action of the drug Zatrin is provided by its active substance - the antibiotic azithromycin. It penetrates into the lysosomes of prokaryotes and neutralizes the enzymes of the large subunit of the cellular ribosome (50S), catalyzing the reaction of transpeptidation. As a result, the assembly of polypeptide chains of proteins in bacterial cells ceases, binding to matrix RNA becomes impossible, and thus the process of bacterial reproduction stops.

Zatrin is active against gram-positive aerobes (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes), gram-negative aerobes (Haemophilus, Legionella pneumophila, Moraxella catarrhalis) and anaerobic bacteria (Clostridium perfringens, Fusobacterium, Prevotella).

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Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, Zatrin is quickly adsorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and enters the blood. However, the drug binds insignificantly to plasma proteins, entering mainly into tissues. The highest serum concentration of the drug is observed on average 2.5 hours after administration; the bioavailability of the active substance is about 37%.

More than 85% of the drug undergoes biotransformation in the liver (by demethylation and hydroxylation) with the formation of inactive metabolites. The rest is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Excretion occurs by the intestines and kidneys.

The elimination of the active substance from plasma lasts up to 20 hours, from tissues – up to 24-72 hours, therefore Zatrin is taken once every 24 hours.

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Dosing and administration

Taken orally 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, 500 mg on the first day, then 250 mg from the 2nd to the 5th day, 1 time per day.

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Use Zatrin during pregnancy

Use during pregnancy is not recommended.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of Zatrin are individual hypersensitivity to antibiotics of this group, as well as severe liver and kidney dysfunction.

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Side effects Zatrin

The use of Zatrin may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal cramps, dizziness and increased fatigue, allergic reactions (skin rashes and itching), reversible visual impairment, distortion or loss of taste and smell. Among the rarer possible side effects of this drug are oral and vaginal candidiasis, eosinophilia, leukopenia, psychomotor hyperactivity, palpitations and chest pain, decreased liver and kidney function, and joint pain.

As with other antibacterial drugs, there is a possibility of superinfection (mycoses) and changes in the normal flora of the colon with increased growth of Clostridium difficil strains.

Overdose

Overdose of Zatrin is expressed in the form of severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain and temporary hearing loss. In case of overdose, gastric lavage and the use of activated carbon are recommended.

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Interactions with other drugs

The bioavailability of Zatrin is reduced when taken simultaneously with antacids (drugs for the treatment of heartburn in acid-dependent gastrointestinal diseases).

Zatrin should be combined with caution with other macrolide antibiotics, in particular, cyclosporine derivatives. Levomycetin (chloramphenicol) and tetracyclines enhance the effectiveness of Zatrin, while lincomycin and clindamycin weaken it.

Taking indirect anticoagulants (warfarin), as well as coumarin oral anticoagulants, may increase the risk of bleeding when using Zatrin. The simultaneous use of Zatrin and heparin is incompatible.

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Storage conditions

Store at temperatures below +25°C.

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Shelf life

36 months.