Vezigamp

"Vesigamp" is a trade name for a drug whose main active ingredient is solifenacin. Solifenacin belongs to the class of antimuscarinic drugs, which are used to treat symptoms of urinary frequency syndrome, urgency urinary incontinence, and urinary incontinence.

The drug "Vesigamp" is intended to reduce the tone of the smooth muscles of the bladder, which leads to a decrease in the urgency of urination and a decrease in the frequency of urination. It blocks the receptors of muscarinic cholinergic nerves, which in turn leads to a decrease in bladder activity and improved control over urination.

Symptoms for which Vesigamp may be prescribed include urinary frequency, urgency, and urgency incontinence. The drug may help improve the quality of life of patients suffering from these symptoms and reduce their urinary frequency and urgency.

The dosage and mode of administration of Vesigamp may vary depending on the individual needs of the patient and the doctor's recommendations. The drug is usually taken in tablet form once a day, but the dosage may be adjusted by the doctor depending on the effectiveness and tolerability of the drug.

Indications Vezigampa

1. Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB): This is a condition in which the patient experiences frequent and/or uncontrollable urination due to overactive bladder. Vesigamp can help reduce the frequency and urgency of urination.
2. Urgency incontinence: Patients with this condition experience a sudden and irresistible urge to urinate, which can lead to urinary incontinence. Vesigamp may help reduce the urgency and improve urinary control.
3. Urinary incontinence: This is a condition in which the patient experiences an inability to control urination, which may lead to accidents. Vesigamp can help improve urinary control and reduce the incidence of urinary incontinence.

Release form

The drug Vesigamp can be produced in the form of tablets or capsules for oral (internal) use.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Mechanism of action: Solifenacin is an antagonist of muscarinic receptors, primarily M3 receptors, which are located in the smooth muscles of the bladder. By blocking these receptors, solifenacin reduces the activity of the muscarinic nervous system, which leads to a decrease in spontaneous activity of the bladder and an increase in its capacity.
2. Reducing bladder spasms: Blocking muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the bladder results in reduced spasms and decreased frequency of bladder contractions, which relieves symptoms of urinary incontinence.
3. Increased bladder capacity: Blocking muscarinic receptors also causes the bladder walls to relax, allowing it to hold more urine before the need to urinate.
4. Improvement in urinary incontinence symptoms: Through its mechanism of action, solifenacin helps improve urinary incontinence symptoms such as urinary frequency, inability to control urination, and frequent urge to urinate.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: After oral administration, solifenacin is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are usually reached 3-8 hours after administration.
2. Metabolism: Solifenacin is metabolized in the liver to form an active metabolite (N-demethylated solifenacin), which is the major metabolite and has pharmacological activity similar to the parent compound. This metabolite is formed by the enzyme CYP3A4.
3. Elimination: Solifenacin and its metabolite are excreted primarily in urine and to a small extent in feces.
4. Half-life: The half-life of solifenacin is approximately 45-68 hours, allowing it to be taken once daily to maintain stable blood concentrations.
5. Dose linearity: The pharmacokinetics of solifenacin are generally linear over the dose range of 5 to 40 mg.
6. Factors affecting pharmacokinetics: Certain factors such as age, gender, presence of hepatic or renal impairment may influence the pharmacokinetics of solifenacin, which may require dose adjustment in some patients.

Dosing and administration

1. Tablets or capsules are taken orally whole, with a small amount of water.
2. Dosage usually starts low or medium and can be gradually adjusted depending on the drug's effectiveness and tolerability.
3. The usual recommended starting dose for adults is 5 mg once daily. In some cases, the dose may be increased to 10 mg once daily, but only on the advice of a doctor.
4. The drug is usually taken at the same time every day, preferably in the morning.
5. The dosage for children and adolescents should be determined by a doctor based on their age, weight and medical history.

Use Vezigampa during pregnancy

The use of solifenacin (Vesigam) during pregnancy is not recommended due to insufficient data on its safety for the fetus. The following are conclusions from the available studies:

1. A pharmacokinetic interaction study of solifenacin with oral contraceptives showed that solifenacin does not affect the pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel, which may be relevant for its use in reproductive age. However, this study did not address the safety of solifenacin use during pregnancy itself (Taekema-Roelvink et al., 2005).
2. A study of the efficacy and safety of post-micturition dribbling in women found no significant differences between solifenacin and placebo. The study did not include a specific group of pregnant women, so safety data for solifenacin during pregnancy remain limited (Ablove et al., 2018).

Due to insufficient data on the safety of solifenacin use during pregnancy, it is important to consult a doctor before using it to assess all potential risks to the developing fetus.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity: People with known hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to solifenacin or other components of the drug should refrain from using it.
2. Glaucoma: The drug may increase intraocular pressure, so its use is not recommended in open-angle glaucoma or in patients at risk of developing it.
3. Urethral stenosis: Solifenacin may cause urinary retention and therefore its use may be undesirable in patients with urethral stenosis.
4. Tachyarrhythmias: Solifenacin may be contraindicated in patients with tachyarrhythmias as it may increase the heart rate.
5. Severe gastrointestinal disorders: In case of acute constipation, ulcerative colitis, obstructive bowel disorders or other serious gastrointestinal disorders, the use of solifenacin may be undesirable.
6. Bronchial asthma: The drug should be used with caution in patients with bronchial asthma due to its antagonistic effect on muscarinic receptors.
7. Severe liver and kidney impairment: If you have severe liver or kidney impairment, consult your doctor before taking solifenacin.

Side effects Vezigampa

1. Dry mouth: This is one of the most common side effects of solifenacin. Patients may experience a feeling of dry mouth, which can lead to discomfort and a need to moisten the mouth.
2. Constipation: In some patients, solifenacin may cause difficulty with defecation and constipation due to its antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle.
3. Increased heart rate: Some patients may experience increased heart rate or palpitations while taking solifenacin.
4. Stomach disorders: Stomach disorders such as nausea, vomiting or indigestion may occur.
5. Headache: Some patients may experience headache while taking solifenacin.
6. Urinary disorders: Side effects related to urination, such as decreased urine flow or painful urination, may occur.
7. Fatigue: Solifenacin may cause tiredness or drowsiness in some patients.
8. Rare side effects: These may include allergic reactions, vision problems, hypersensitivity to sunlight, and other rare side effects.

Overdose

Overdose of Vesigamp may result in serious side effects and complications. Signs of overdose may include increased symptoms of side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, visual disturbances, tachycardia, arrhythmia, drowsiness, dizziness, and others.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Drugs that cause QT prolongation: Use of solifenacin with drugs that may cause QT prolongation, such as antiarrhythmic drugs (eg, amidaron, sotalol) or certain antidepressants (eg, citalopram, fluoxetine), may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
2. Antifungal medications: Some antifungal medications, such as ketoconazole and itraconazole, may increase blood levels of solifenacin, which may increase its side effects.
3. Drugs with anticholinergic properties: The use of solifenacin with other drugs with anticholinergic properties (eg, antihistamines, antispasmodics) may increase its side effects, such as dry mouth or constipation.
4. Drugs metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme: Solifenacin is metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme in the liver, so the use of solifenacin with drugs that inhibit or induce this enzyme (eg, proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, antiepileptic drugs) may change its blood levels.