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Treatment of spondylolisthesis

Medical expert of the article

Pediatric orthopedist, pediatrician, traumatologist, surgeon
, medical expert
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025

Conservative treatment of spondylolisthesis is indicated for patients with grades I-II spondylolisthesis in the absence of neurological deficit. Axial loads on the spine are excluded. NSAIDs (naproxen, diclofenac, ibuprofen), B vitamins, physiotherapy, exercise therapy aimed at strengthening the long muscles of the back and the anterior abdominal wall are prescribed. When performing any physical work, wearing a semi-rigid corset is recommended. Indications for surgical treatment of spondylolisthesis:

  • neurological disorders of compression genesis against the background of spinal canal stenosis or chronic trauma to the root:
  • lumbago due to instability of the spinal motor segment;
  • spondyloptosis;
  • progressive displacement of the vertebra;
  • ineffectiveness of conservative treatment for 6 months.

The tasks of surgical treatment of spondylolisthesis are divided into two groups.

  • The first group is orthopedic:
    • reduction of the L5 vertebral body and stabilization of the lumbosacral segment of the spine in the achieved position;
    • restoration of the sagittal and frontal profiles of the lumbosacral spine.
  • The second group is neurosurgical:
    • pain relief;
    • elimination of vertebral-spinal conflict;
    • restoration of the anatomy of the spinal canal.
  • Modern surgical interventions include:
    • removal of the arch of a displaced vertebra;
    • transpedicular fixation and reduction of the body of the displaced vertebra;
    • revision of the spinal canal and radiculolysis;
    • discectomy and interbody corporodesis with autobone at the pathological level;
    • posterior local spondylodesis with autogenous bone.


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