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Oncologist, radiologist

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PCR diagnosis in gynecology

Alexey Portnov, medical expert
Last reviewed: 19.11.2021

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With the help of the method of polymerase chain reactions (PCR), it is now possible to identify a variety of infectious agents located in the focus of inflammation. The most modern of the molecular methods of DNA hybridization makes it possible to identify the human papillomavirus by serotypes. Molecular studies currently allow the determination in the serum of blood of so-called oncomarkers - abnormal antigens affected by malignant cell changes. With their help, cancer is recognized at the earliest stages (with the help of the antigen-antibody reaction), when treatment is most effective.

Types of oncomarkers used in gynecological practice

Oncomarkers	Detected diseases
Cancer embryonic antigen (CEA)	Monitoring of cancer of the rectum, stomach, breast, bronchi
alpha-fetoprotein	Monitoring of pregnancy, diagnosis and monitoring of primary hepatocellular cancer and embryonic-cell tumors
CA 15-3	Monitoring of breast cancer therapy (used in combination with CEA)
CA 125, CA 19-9	Monitoring of ovarian cancer
CA 72-4	Stomach cancer, mucinous ovarian cancer
Human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG)	Neseminomnye embryonic-cellular tumors, chorionic epithelioma, bladder drift
Mucin-like antigen	Mammary cancer

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