Okeron

Okeron is a synthetic analogue of the natural peptide (gastrointestinal) somatostatin hormone. Refers to the pharmacological group of hormones and their analogues. The international name is Octreotide; other trade names: Okta, Octrid, Octretex, Sandostatin.

Indications Okeron

Okeron is used in the treatment of diseases such as:

• excess growth hormone (acromegaly);
• chronic pancreatitis;
• gastrinoma (pancreatic tumor, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome);
• insulinoma (tumor of β-cells of pancreatic islets);
• carcinoids of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas;
• other endocrine tumors of the digestive system (in combination therapy);
• diarrhea of secretory and osmotic etiology, refractory diarrhea in HIV and after anticancer chemotherapy;
• irritable bowel syndrome;
• gastrointestinal bleeding (including preoperative preparation of patients at risk of repeated bleeding).

[1]

Release form

Form release: solution for injection in ampoules.

Pharmacodynamics

Okeron (Octreotide) has a pharmacological effect due to the synthetic octapeptide analogue of the hormone somatostatin, which manifests a higher activity for a longer period of time.

Acting as a neurotransmitter, the somatostatin analog interacts with receptors of cell membranes and is connected to the control of such physiological processes in the body as cellular metabolism and proliferation, smooth muscle activity, digestion, intestinal motility, etc.

Acting paracrine way, the drug Okeron performs the functions of endogenous hormone, namely: suppresses the excessive formation of growth hormone (growth hormone), and also inhibits the secretion and release of insulin, glucagon, secretin, gastrin, pepsin, motilin, hydrochloric acid and bile, cholecystokinin and calcitonin.

In addition, octreotide significantly decreases the amount of blood flow in the organs of the digestive tract, without affecting the level of blood pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

After the injection under the skin, the Okeron enters the blood for a short time: the maximum level of the drug in the blood plasma is noted no more than in 25-30 minutes. Almost 65% of the active substance binds to blood proteins.

In an unmodified form, about a third of the dose is excreted from the body through the kidneys; the half-life is 90-100 minutes. The therapeutic effect of the drug lasts about 9 hours.

Dosing and administration

Method of application - subcutaneous injections, the dose and duration of the course of therapy are prescribed by a doctor and depend on the specific disease. For example, patients with a diagnosed excess of growth hormone are prescribed an average of 0.2-0.3 mg per day, the maximum allowable daily dose is 1.5 mg.

[6], [7], [8]

Use Okeron during pregnancy

Use of Okeron during pregnancy - exclusively according to indications, to the risk category of the drug for the fetus ( FDA ) - B).

Contraindications

The use of Okeron is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the drug.

Side effects Okeron

Using Okeron can cause:

• nausea, vomiting, cramping and abdominal pain, diarrhea;
• formation of stones in the gallbladder.
• heart rhythm disturbances;
• hypoglycemia;
• skin allergic reactions;
• hair loss.

[2], [3], [4], [5]

Overdose

Overdose can be expressed in lowering the pulse rate, hot flashes, spasms in the stomach and intestines, nausea and diarrhea.

Interactions with other drugs

Okeron improves the effectiveness of simultaneously taken with gastric ulcer drugs that block H2-histamine receptors, and also increases the bioavailability of the dopamine-stimulating receptors of bromocriptine.

Okeron reduces the absorption of the suppressive immunity of the drug Cyclosporin.

[9], [10], [11], [12]

Storage conditions

Storage conditions Okeron: at a temperature of + 2-8 ° C. The drug should not be frozen. 

[13]

Shelf life

Shelf life - 24 months.