Gordox

Gordox (aprotinin) is a drug that is a protease inhibitor. Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins, and they can play a role in various biological processes in the body. Aprotinin is used in medical practice for a number of purposes, including controlling bleeding in surgery, reducing blood loss during operations, and treating complications associated with surgical interventions. In addition, it can be used in some cases to reduce inflammation and other reactions to tissue damage.

Indications Gordox

1. Control of bleeding in surgery: The drug can be used to reduce bleeding during surgery, especially in heart and vascular surgery.
2. Reducing blood loss during surgery: Gordox helps reduce the amount of blood lost during surgery.
3. Treatment of complications after surgery: Used to reduce complications such as swelling and inflammation that may occur after surgery.

Release form

Gordox (Aprotinin) is usually available as an injection solution.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Protease Inhibition: Aprotinin blocks the activity of various proteases in the body, including trypsin, chymotrypsin, and kallikrein. This prevents the breakdown of proteins in the body, which can be useful in a variety of medical situations.
2. Surgical Uses: Aprotinin is widely used in surgical practice to reduce blood loss and reduce the risk of bleeding during operations. This is achieved by inhibiting proteases that can break down blood clots and increase bleeding.
3. Use in cardiac surgery: In cardiac surgery, aprotinin can be used to prevent bleeding and reduce the risk of thrombosis during heart surgery.
4. Dental uses: In dentistry, aprotinin may be used to reduce bleeding and promote healing after oral surgery.
5. Other uses: Aprotinin can also be used in the treatment of burns, sepsis, pancreatitis and other conditions associated with inflammation and impaired hemostasis.

Pharmacokinetics

Aprotinin, the active component of Gordox, is usually rapidly metabolized and eliminated from the body. After intravenous administration, its total clearance is about 50 ml/kg/min. It is primarily metabolized in the kidneys, but also in the liver. About 75% of the dose is excreted via the kidneys as metabolites and unmetabolized drug. In patients with renal insufficiency or older age, dosage adjustment may be necessary due to altered clearance of aprotinin.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dosage of Gordox (Aprotinin) depend on the medical purpose, the patient's condition and the doctor's recommendations. It is usually administered as an intravenous injection or sometimes intramuscularly.

Use Gordox during pregnancy

1. Limited data: There is insufficient data on the safety of aprotinin use during pregnancy. Therefore, the drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

2. Risks and precautions:

   • The fetal toxicity and teratogenic potential of aprotinin have not been fully studied, making its use during pregnancy potentially risky.
   • If it is necessary to use aprotinin during pregnancy, it is important to carefully monitor the condition of the fetus and mother in order to promptly identify possible complications.

3. Doctors' recommendations:

   • The use of aprotinin during pregnancy should be considered with caution and only if there are no safer alternatives for the management of bleeding or other medical conditions requiring its use.
   • In case of emergency use of Gordox, treatment should be carried out under strict medical supervision, taking into account all precautions to minimize risks.

Contraindications

1. Allergic reaction: Patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to aprotinin or any of the components of the drug should avoid its use.
2. Pregnancy: The use of Gordox is contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, unless the benefit outweighs the potential risks to the fetus.
3. Severe renal impairment: In patients with severe renal impairment, the use of Gordox may be contraindicated due to the risk of toxic accumulation of the drug in the body.
4. Severe hepatic impairment: In patients with severe hepatic impairment, Gordox may be contraindicated due to possible impairment of drug metabolism and elimination.
5. Hypercoagulability: Gordox may promote the development of thromboembolic complications in patients with coagulation disorders.
6. Crohn's disease: In patients with Crohn's disease (a chronic inflammatory process in the intestine), the use of aprotinin may worsen the condition.
7. Use in pediatric practice: There is insufficient data on the use of Gordox in children, so its use in pediatric practice requires caution and consultation with a doctor.

Side effects Gordox

1. Allergic reactions: Include skin rash, itching, redness of the skin, or swelling of the face, lips, or tongue. If allergic reactions occur, stop taking the medicine immediately and consult a doctor.
2. Heart problems: May include arrhythmia (non-sinus heart rhythm), tachycardia (fast heart rate), or hypotension (low blood pressure).
3. Blood problems: Include thrombosis (formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel) or thromboembolism (movement of a blood clot into a blood vessel).
4. Kidney problems: Increased levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen may occur.
5. Other rare side effects include headache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Overdose

1. Risk of thrombosis: Since aprotinin may affect the hemostasis and blood coagulation systems, overdose may increase the risk of thrombosis or thromboembolic complications.
2. Renal impairment: Renal impairment may develop, especially in patients with predisposition to renal failure or concomitant diseases.
3. Liver dysfunction: Overdose of aprotinin may also result in liver dysfunction, especially in patients with a predisposition to liver failure or concomitant diseases.
4. Other complications: Other adverse effects such as allergic reactions, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disturbances are possible.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Interaction with aprotinin may increase the risk of bleeding, especially in patients undergoing surgery. This is due to the possibility of impaired platelet function and increased clotting time.
2. Drugs that affect blood clotting: Combination with anticoagulants such as heparin may also increase the risk of bleeding and require careful monitoring.
3. Cardiovascular drugs: Some drugs, such as aspirin or anticoagulants, may increase the risk of bleeding when used with aprotinin.
4. Diabetes medications: Aprotinin may alter blood glucose levels, so dosage adjustments may be needed when combined with diabetes medications.