Glutoxime

Glutoxim, containing the active substance glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine disodium, is a drug with an immunomodulatory and systemic cytoprotective effect. It is a synthetic analogue of glutathione, an important antioxidant and cofactor of many enzymatic reactions in the body.

Glutathione performs a number of important functions in the body, including protecting cells from oxidative stress, regulating the immune response, and participating in the detoxification of toxic substances. Therefore, Glutoxim can be used to enhance the body's defenses and improve overall health in various diseases.

Indications for use of Glutoxim may include:

• Liver failure, including alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
• Toxic liver damage caused by alcohol, drugs and other factors.
• Chronic diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts.
• Other conditions associated with imbalance of oxidation-reduction balance in the body.

Like any medical drug, Glutoxim may have certain contraindications and side effects, so its use should be carried out under the supervision of a physician.

Indications Glutoxime

1. Liver failure: Glutoxim can be used to treat various types of liver failure, including alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
2. Toxic liver damage: The drug can be used to treat liver damage caused by toxins such as alcohol, drugs and other harmful substances.
3. Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases: Glutoxim can help improve the condition of patients with chronic gallbladder and biliary tract diseases.
4. Other conditions: The drug can be used as an immunomodulator and cytoprotector for other diseases associated with a violation of the oxidation-reduction balance in the body.

An immunomodulator with a systemic cytoprotective effect, Glutoxim, containing glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine disodium, is usually available in the form of a powder for the preparation of an injection solution.

Release form

Glutoxim is usually available in powder form for preparation of injection solution.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Immunomodulatory action: Glutoxim helps modulate the immune system, helping to improve its functions. It can stimulate the body's immune responses by increasing the activity of immune cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. This can help fight infections and other pathological processes more effectively.
2. Antioxidant action: Glutoxim has antioxidant properties, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress. It is able to neutralize free radicals that can damage cell membranes and cause inflammation.
3. Cytoprotective action: Glutoxim provides protection to the cells of the body's organs and tissues. It can improve the survival and functional state of cells, especially under conditions of stress or damage, such as infections, injuries or toxic effects.
4. Stimulates Glutathione Synthesis: Glutoxim may help increase levels of glutathione, an important antioxidant that plays a key role in protecting cells from oxidative damage and maintaining their function.
5. Improved Metabolism: Glutoxim may help improve the body's metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, which may lead to more efficient nutrient utilization and increased energy metabolism.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dosage of Glutoxim may vary depending on the patient's condition, disease characteristics and doctor's recommendations. Typically, the drug is administered intravenously, 5-10 ml of solution 1-2 times a day.

Use Glutoxime during pregnancy

Based on research and practical experience, a physician may recommend or prohibit the use of glutoxim during pregnancy depending on the clinical situation and the benefits to mother and baby versus potential risks.

Contraindications

1. Known Allergy: Patients with a known allergy to any component of the drug should avoid using it.
2. Autoimmune diseases: Glutoxim may enhance the immune response, so its use may be undesirable or contraindicated in patients with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus.
3. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Information on the safety of Glutoxim during pregnancy and breastfeeding is limited, so its use requires consultation with a doctor.
4. Children and adolescents: Data on the safety and efficacy of Glutoxim in children and adolescents may be limited, so its use in this category of patients requires special caution and medical supervision.
5. Liver or kidney failure: Caution should be exercised when using Glutoxim in patients with severe liver or kidney failure, as the organs may not be able to process the drug properly, which can lead to its accumulation in the body.

Side effects Glutoxime

1. Gastrointestinal disorders: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain may occur.
2. Allergic reactions: May manifest as skin rash, itching or angioedema.
3. Injection site reactions: After intravenous administration, pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site may occur.
4. Other rare side effects include headache, hypertension, increased sweating, and increased liver enzymes.

Overdose

1. Gastrointestinal irritation: Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal discomfort may occur.
2. Allergic reactions: Excessive use may cause allergic reactions such as skin rash, itching, swelling or anaphylactic shock in individuals with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
3. Water-electrolyte imbalance: Excessive administration may lead to electrolyte imbalance, which may cause deterioration of the general condition and various organic disorders.
4. Other possible consequences: There may be other undesirable effects that may be associated with the action of the components of the drug or its interaction with other substances.

Interactions with other drugs

Information on interactions of Glutoxim (glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine disodium) with other drugs may be limited due to a lack of studies. However, given its immunomodulatory properties and systemic cytoprotective effect, interactions with other drugs are possible, especially with those that also affect the immune system or have a cytoprotective effect.