Glucosteril

Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) is a medicine containing dextrose monohydrate. Dextrose, also known as glucose, is a simple sugar, the main source of energy for the body.

Glucosteril is often used in medical practice to maintain glucose levels in the body, especially in patients with hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or in those who need to quickly increase sugar levels, for example, during heavy physical exertion, severe exhaustion or in shock.

Glucosteril can be presented in different forms, such as injection solutions for intravenous administration or syrups for oral administration. It is important to consult a doctor or pharmacist before using this drug to get instructions on the correct dosage and use, especially if you have any medical problems or are taking other medications.

Indications Glucosteril

1. Hypoglycemia: When blood glucose levels are low (hypoglycemia) due to various causes including diabetes, fasting, overeating, physical activity, or inadequate food intake.
2. Energy maintenance: During periods of increased physical activity, severe exhaustion, conditions following operations, injuries and other cases when the body requires additional nutrition and energy.
3. Intravenous nutrition: Glucosteril can be used as part of infusion solutions for intravenous nutrition in patients who cannot receive sufficient amounts of food orally or when immediate administration of nutrients is required.
4. Compensation of fluid losses: In case of dehydration or fluid losses caused by vomiting, diarrhea, sweating or other reasons.

Release form

Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) is usually available as a powder for injection solution.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Energy Source: Dextrose is a simple sugar and is the body's primary source of energy. When Glucosteril is consumed, dextrose is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream from the digestive tract and transported to cells where it is used in the process of glycolysis to produce energy in the form of ATP.
2. Maintaining normal blood glucose levels: The glucose supplied by Glucosteril helps maintain normal blood glucose levels (glycemia), which is especially important for people with hypoglycemia (low glucose) or for those who experience an increased need for energy, such as during physical exertion or after surgery.
3. Metabolic processes: Glucose plays a key role in various metabolic processes such as the synthesis of glycogen in the liver and muscles, the synthesis of lipids, proteins and other biomolecules.
4. Osmotic action: Glucose has an osmotic action, which means that it is able to retain water in the body. Therefore, glucosteril can be used to regulate the total volume of fluid in the body and to replenish fluid in cases of dehydration.
5. Nutritional composition: Glucose is a simple carbohydrate that provides the body with quick energy. It is the main source of carbohydrates in medical nutrition used to provide energy to patients when eating in the usual way is difficult or impossible.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: Dextrose, the main component of the drug, is rapidly and completely absorbed in the intestine after oral administration.
2. Metabolism: Dextrose monohydrate is a simple carbohydrate and is rapidly metabolized in the body to form glucose. Glucose serves as the body's primary source of energy.
3. Distribution: After metabolism, glucose is distributed evenly throughout the body through the bloodstream and used by cells to produce energy.
4. Excretion: Excess glucose that is not used by the body for energy can either be temporarily stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, or converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue. Excess glucose can also be excreted through the kidneys in the urine.
5. Half-life: Dextrose does not typically undergo significant metabolic or catabolic half-life. It is usually rapidly metabolized by body cells.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dosage of Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) may vary depending on the purpose and individual characteristics of the patient. The drug is usually administered intravenously as a solution. The dosage is determined by the doctor in accordance with the clinical picture, the patient's condition and other factors.

Use Glucosteril during pregnancy

In the context of use during pregnancy, glucose management and administration should be carefully monitored as changes in glucose levels may affect both the mother and the fetus.

Use of Glucosteril during pregnancy:

1. Energy requirements: During pregnancy, women's energy requirements increase. Glucose is a valuable source of quick energy, especially if there are problems with nutrition or digestion of food.
2. Gestational diabetes: Women with gestational diabetes or other forms of carbohydrate metabolism disorders should be especially careful about monitoring their glucose levels. Glucose administration should be done under strict medical supervision to avoid sharp fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
3. Dehydration: Glucosteril can be used to correct dehydration, especially in toxicosis, when a woman cannot keep down solid food or liquid.
4. Hypoglycemia: If a pregnant woman experiences hypoglycemia (low blood glucose), Glucosteril can be used to quickly restore blood glucose levels.

Contraindications

1. Hyperglycemia: Glucosteril may be contraindicated in patients with hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) as its use may lead to a further increase in blood sugar levels.
2. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state: Glucosteril may be contraindicated in patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state as it may worsen blood hyperosmolarity.
3. Hypertension: Caution should be exercised when using Glucosteril in patients with hypertension as it may cause an increase in blood glucose and sodium levels, which may worsen hypertension.
4. Obesity and diabetes: In patients with obesity or diabetes, Glucosteril may be contraindicated if blood glucose levels are not adequately controlled, as this may worsen weight and blood sugar problems.
5. Liver failure: In patients with severe liver failure, the use of Glucosteril may be contraindicated or require dosage adjustment under the supervision of a physician, since the liver plays an important role in the processing and metabolism of glucose.
6. Renal failure: In patients with severe renal failure, the use of Glucosteril may be contraindicated or require dosage adjustment under the supervision of a physician, since the kidneys play a role in the elimination of glucose from the body.
7. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Data on the safety of Glucosteril during pregnancy and breastfeeding are limited, so its use requires consultation with a doctor.

Side effects Glucosteril

1. Hyperglycemia: Increased blood glucose levels, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
2. Hyperosmolarity: An increase in the osmotic pressure in the blood, which can lead to dehydration and other fluid balance problems.
3. Venous thrombosis or phlebitis may develop at the injection site when using intravenous solutions.
4. Allergic reactions: Rarely, allergic reactions such as hives, itching, skin rash or anaphylactic shock may occur.
5. Swelling and cramps may occur as a result of rapid administration of large doses of the solution.
6. Rarely, cardiovascular reactions such as arrhythmia or increased blood pressure may occur.

Overdose

1. Hyperglycemia: Too much glucose can cause a very high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia). This can lead to thirst, excessive urination, fatigue, headache, loss of consciousness, and even coma.
2. Cardiovascular complications: Increased blood glucose levels can cause various cardiovascular complications, including high blood pressure, heart arrhythmia, and other serious problems.
3. Dehydration: Since glucose has an osmotic effect, overdosing on it can lead to dehydration of the body due to increased fluid loss from the cells into the blood.
4. Burns and skin irritation: Intravenous administration of large doses of glucose may cause burns and skin irritation at the injection site.
5. Metabolic disorders: Elevated glucose levels can also cause various metabolic disorders such as metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, and others.

Interactions with other drugs

Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) does not usually interact with other drugs in a pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic sense. However, when used concomitantly, potential interactions that may occur as a result of changes in blood glucose levels should be taken into account.