Gatispan

Gatispan is a drug from the category of quinolones / fluoroquinolones. Has a wide range of antibacterial effects.

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Indications Gatispan

It is shown for the elimination of infectious-inflammatory pathologies, which are provoked by microbes sensitive to the active ingredient of the drug-gatifloxacin. Among them are:

• infectious processes in the urinary system: cystitis and prostatitis, as well as pyelonephritis in acute or chronic form;
• chronic infections in the urinary tract;
• infectious processes in the respiratory organs: acute forms of sinusitis and bronchitis, and in addition pulmonary abscess and pneumonia, as well as exacerbation of COPD and cystic fibrosis;
• infectious processes in soft tissues and skin;
• infectious processes in the joints and bones;
• diseases transmitted during sexual intercourse (urethritis, proctitis, and in addition cervicitis).

Release form

Produced in tablet form. One blister contains 5 tablets. The package contains 1-5 or 10 blister plates.

Pharmacodynamics

The main active component of the drug is gatifloxacin, which has a wide range of antibacterial effects. It is active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Properties of drugs are realized through DNA-gyrase (enzyme-participant of DNA reduplication, which provokes the development of infection), as well as topoisomerase IV (the enzyme, which acts as the main engine in dividing bacterial cells - separates the chromosomes of DNA). In the range of action of Gatispan, causative agents that are resistant to cephalosporins with penicillins and aminoglycosides, and in addition microbes with multiresistant properties.

Actively acts against such gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pneumococcus (among them are also sensitive and penicillin-resistant strains), Staphylococcus saprophytic, Streptococcus from groups C, G, and F, epidermal staphylococcus (strains sensitive to methicillin) and streptococcus agalactia. It also fights gram negative microbes: Influenza rod (also with strains that produce β-lactamase), Escherichia coli, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Gonococcus (also with strains that produce β-lactamase), Moraxel catarrhis (also with strains that produce β-lactamase), protease mirabilis and Acinetobacter iwoffii, and in addition citrobacter frowni, enterobacter aerogenes, Citrobacter koseri and Enterobacter cloacae, as well as klebsiella oxytoca, vulgar proteus and Morgan's bacterium. In addition to other microbes: legionella pneumophilus, mycoplasma pneumonia and chlamydophile pneumonia.

The medicine also exhibits a pronounced activity against anaerobes, including peptostreptococci.

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs are linear (when used in dosages of 200-800 mg for 2 weeks) and do not depend on the time frame of use.

The drug is effectively absorbed through the digestive tract after oral administration. The absolute bioavailability index is 96%. The peak of plasma concentration, as a rule, occurs 1-2 hours after taking.

Approximately 20% of gatifloxacin is synthesized with a plasma protein (regardless of the concentration of the substance). A component with high activity is distributed inside the body - along its tissues: bronchial mucosa, uterine neck, alveolar macrophages, and also into the vagina. Due to the high distribution velocity of the substance inside the tissues, the drug quickly accumulates within the target organs.

In the body, the substance undergoes limited biotransformation. Under the guise of methylethylenediamine, as well as ethylenediamine decay products, approximately 1% of the dose (together with urine) is excreted, and another 5% is excreted with feces. Approximately 70% of the substance is excreted through the kidneys - in the first 48 hours, unchanged.

There are some differences in the pharmacokinetics of drugs in women. An increase in the peak concentration (+ 21%) and AUC 0- (+ 32%) in elderly women was recorded. At the same time, young girls have slowed excretion of drugs.

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Dosing and administration

Use Gatispan should be taken orally - in the amount of 200-400 mg once a day. The duration of the course depends on the severity of the infection process, the indications, and in addition the effectiveness of the medication.

The initial dose for people suffering from kidney failure is not required to be adjusted. Subsequently, the dosage sizes are assigned depending on the level of QC.

Use Gatispan during pregnancy

Gatispan is not allowed for pregnant women.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications: the lactation period, intolerance of the active component of drugs or other fluoroquinolones, and in addition the age is less than 18 years and the lack of G6FD in the body.

Side effects Gatispan

The taking of tablets can trigger the development of the following adverse reactions:

• organs of the digestive system: abdominal pain, nausea with vomiting, constipation, dyspepsia, bloating, development of anorexia, gingivitis, stomatitis, gastritis or glossitis, and in addition to this bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and candidiasis of the oral cavity;
• organs of the central nervous system and PNS: headaches, as well as dizziness, the onset of migraine, and in addition to insomnia and other sleep disorders, as well as the development of nervousness, feelings of anxiety or drowsiness, an agitated condition. In addition, the development of muscle cramps, paresthesias, the appearance of confusion, paranoia, depressive syndrome, panic attacks and depersonalization. Also the onset of ataxia, photophobia, ocular photosensitivity, hypersthesia, feelings of hostility, visual disorders, and at the same time disorders of taste and olfactory receptors and the development of polyneuropathy;
• cardiovascular system: bradycardia with tachycardia and increased blood pressure;
• organs of the ODA: pain in the bones, as well as joints, and in addition, an increased risk of rupture of tendons;
• respiratory system: hyperventilation, as well as bronchial spasms;
• allergies: edema of the face, and in addition to the oral mucosa with the tongue, also generalized swelling, the appearance of maculopapular or vesicle-bulging eruptions;
• others: a feeling of thirst, pain in the chest or ears, as well as the development of hematuria, hypoglycemia or vaginitis, as well as the state of fever. In addition, the appearance of uterine bleeding and dry skin.

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Overdose

There were no reports of drug overdose.

If the dose is accidentally exceeded, treatment is needed to eliminate the symptoms of the disorder. Gastric lavage is performed and, if necessary, a hydrotherapy procedure. Hemodialysis is not very effective for the excretion of gatifloxacin - within 4 hours it is possible to remove only about 14% of the drug. Forced diuresis also does not help much - in 8 days it is possible to withdraw about 11% of drugs.

Interactions with other drugs

In case of using the drug in diabetes mellitus (persons using oral antidiabetics drugs) in the blood, the sugar level can change. Therefore, these people need to constantly monitor glucose.

People who consume food additives (they have zinc or iron or magnesium), aluminum / magnesium-containing antacids, and iron sulfates, should take Gatispan 4 hours before using the above products.

As a result of the combination with probenecid, the rate of excretion of gatifloxacin increases. Combination with warfarin does not affect the blood coagulation, but in this case, as some fluoroquinolones can increase its properties (as well as other indirect anticoagulants), it is required to monitor the main indicators of blood coagulability.

Combined use of the drug and various NSAIDs may increase the manifestation of adverse reactions from the CNS.

Caution is required when combining Gatispan with antipsychotics, cisapride and erythromycin.

Sharing with digoxin does not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of gatifloxacin, but people who take digoxin are required to see a doctor in order to notice the onset of symptoms of toxicity in a timely manner. In case of development of the first signs of digitalis poisoning, it is necessary to determine the serum digoxin values, and then to correct the dose of drugs.

[5], [6], [7]

Storage conditions

Gatispan is kept in a place that is closed from penetration of sun and moisture. The place should not be accessible to small children. The temperature should not exceed 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Gatispan is allowed to be used within 2 years from the date of release of the medicinal product.