Ganforth

The drug Ganfort is a combined ophthalmologic agent for reducing intraocular pressure, belongs to the group of β-blockers. 

[1], [2], [3]

Indications Ganforth

Ganfort is used for local antihypertensive therapy of primary open-angle glaucoma, as well as reduction of intraocular pressure in essential ophthalmic hypertension, not accompanied by changes in the eye nerves (in cases of ineffectiveness of other topical agents), with uveal hypertension and symptomatic increase in intraocular pressure associated with other pathologies.

[4], [5]

Release form

Ganfort - a clear solution in the form of eye drops in the p / e vial-dropper (1, 3 and 5 ml).

[6]

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacotherapeutic effect of Ganfort is provided by the active substances included in its composition - bimatoprost and timolol.

Bimatoprost is a synthetic analogue of endogenous prostaglandin F2α, which has structural and chemical similarity with it. It is believed to mimic F2α and is believed to affect the prostaglandin receptors of the ciliary body participating in the development of intraocular fluid, which leads to an increase in its drainage by the uveoscleral route.

Timolol (in the form of timolol maleate) - a non-selective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist - inhibits the formation of intraocular fluid. The pharmacological mechanism of action of timolol is not yet known.

[7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]

Pharmacokinetics

The official instruction for the drug Ganfort describes the pharmacokinetics of bimatoprost and timolol separately.

Bimatoprost is well sucked through the cornea, penetrates the eye (into the sclera and into the iris); gets into the blood; binding to plasma proteins - up to 88%; bioavailability is low. It starts to work after 4 hours, the duration of the action is about 24 hours. In the body it does not accumulate, it is biotransformed in the liver, metabolites are excreted through the kidneys and intestines.

The bioavailability of timolol is 60%; metabolism is 80% like in the liver; half-life is 2.5-5 hours; excretion of the renal.

[13], [14]

Dosing and administration

Ganfort should be buried in the conjunctival sac - one drop in each eye once a day (in the morning).

[19]

Use Ganforth during pregnancy

Application Ganfort during pregnancy is contraindicated.

Contraindications

Ganfort is contraindicated in chronic heart failure with sinus bradycadia, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, emphysema and chronic obstruction of the lungs. Ganfort is not assigned to children.

[15], [16]

Side effects Ganforth

When using drops Ganfort, side effects are possible in the form of:

• hyperemia of the conjunctiva, allergic conjunctivitis;
• dryness and irritation of the eyes (itching, burning, sensation of clogging of the eyes, etc.);
• darkening of the iris, darkening and growth of the eyelashes;
• superficial keratitis and blepharitis;
• edema of the central zone of the retina (macula);
• rhinitis;
• urticaria;
• headaches and dizziness;
• coughing, bronchial spasms;
• decrease in blood pressure and asthenic state;
• fluctuations in heart rate, pain in the heart;
• dry mouth, nausea, dyspepsia;
• disturbances in sleep, mood and memory;
• sexual dysfunction.

[17], [18]

Overdose

Exceeding the dosage of ganfort leads to headache, dizziness, nausea, disturbances of the heart rhythm toward the bradycardia. In such cases, you should rinse the eyes with water and treat the symptoms of an overdose.

[20]

Interactions with other drugs

The combined use of Ganfort and calcium antagonist drugs and β-blockers increases the drop in blood pressure and decreases the pulse rate.

Ganfort is incompatible with oral antidiabetic drugs, as well as muscle relaxants.

[21], [22]

Storage conditions

Store at a temperature not exceeding + 25 ° С.

[23], [24], [25], [26]

Shelf life

2 years, the expiration date of the drug in the opened bottle is 28 days.

[27],