LONGNO®C

DLANOS (xylometazoline hydrochloride) is a medication that is commonly used to constrict blood vessels in the nasal mucosa. It is often used to relieve nasal congestion caused by rhinitis or runny nose, both allergic and viral in origin.

1. Directions for use: DLANO®S is usually available as nasal drops or spray. Dosage and frequency of use may vary depending on the patient's age and individual characteristics. It is usually recommended to administer a few drops or spray into each nostril in accordance with the instructions included with the product.
2. Dosage: The dosage may vary depending on the patient's age and severity of symptoms. Generally, for adults and children over 6 years of age, it is recommended to use 1-2 drops or one spray in each nostril no more than 2-3 times a day. However, it is recommended to follow the instructions included with the drug or the doctor's recommendations.
3. Duration of use: Generally, DLANOS® should not be used for more than 3-5 days in a row without consulting a doctor to avoid developing drug dependence or other side effects.
4. Contraindications and warnings: Before using DLANO®S, it is important to ensure that there are no contraindications, such as hypersensitivity to the components of the drug or certain diseases, such as glaucoma. You should also pay attention to warnings, such as age restrictions for use in children.
5. Side effects: Like any medicine, DLANO®S may have side effects such as irritation of the nasal mucosa, redness or burning. If any unpleasant symptoms occur, stop using the drug and seek medical attention.

These are general guidelines and it is important to consult your doctor or pharmacist regarding your specific situation and dosage for best results.

Indications LONGNO®C

1. Rhinitis: DLANOS can be used to relieve symptoms of rhinitis, including allergic and infectious rhinitis.
2. Sinusitis: The drug can be used in the treatment of sinusitis to relieve nasal congestion and reduce swelling of the sinus mucosa.
3. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: In cases of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, where symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye) occur, DLANOS may help relieve nasal congestion.
4. Acute respiratory infections: During an acute respiratory infection such as a cold or flu, DLANO®S can help relieve nasal congestion, making breathing easier.
5. Preparation for diagnostic or surgical procedures: In some cases, DLANO®S may be used before diagnostic or surgical procedures on the nasal cavity to constrict blood vessels and reduce bleeding.

Release form

1. Nasal Spray: DLANOS is most commonly available as a nasal spray. This form allows for precise dosing of the medication and provides rapid relief of congestion by spraying the medication directly into the nasal passages.
2. Nasal drops: Also, DLANOS can be produced in the form of nasal drops, which is a convenient form for children and adults who prefer drops to spray.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Stimulation of alpha1-adrenergic receptors: Xylometazoline is a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, which means that it activates these receptors in the vascular wall of the nose. This leads to a narrowing of the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa, which reduces swelling and nasal congestion.
2. Reducing mucus production: Xylometazoline can also reduce mucus production in the nasal mucosa, which helps relieve nasal congestion and make breathing easier.
3. Long lasting action: One of the features of xylometazoline hydrochloride is its long lasting action after application. This provides long lasting relief from nasal congestion and other runny nose symptoms.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: Xylometazoline hydrochloride is usually administered topically, such as nasal drops or sprays. After topical application, it is rapidly absorbed through the nasal mucosa.
2. Metabolism: Xylometazoline hydrochloride undergoes minor metabolism in the liver. It is metabolized to inactive metabolites.
3. Elimination: Most xylometazoline is excreted unchanged from the body via the kidneys.
4. Protein binding: Information on plasma protein binding is limited, but it is expected that xylometazoline hydrochloride may be protein bound to some extent.
5. Interactions: Since xylometazoline hydrochloride is usually applied topically and has minimal systemic effects, systemic interactions with other drugs are usually minor. However, concomitant use with other vasoconstrictors or with drugs that increase blood pressure should be avoided to avoid possible potentiation of the effect.
6. Action: Xylometazoline hydrochloride constricts blood vessels in the nasal mucosa, which leads to a reduction in swelling and relief of nasal congestion during a runny nose.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dosage of xylometazoline hydrochloride in the form of DLYANO®S depend on the patient's age and the form of the drug. Here are general recommendations for its use:

Adults and children over 6 years old:

• Nasal spray (usually 0.1% solution): Generally recommended is 1-2 sprays in each nostril 2-3 times daily. Do not use more often than every 8-10 hours.
• Nasal drops (usually 0.1% solution): Administer 2-3 drops into each nostril 2-3 times daily.

Children from 2 to 6 years old:

• Nasal spray (usually 0.05% solution): Generally recommended is 1 spray in each nostril 1-2 times daily.
• Nasal drops (usually 0.05% solution): Administer 1-2 drops into each nostril 1-2 times daily.

Important notes:

• Do not use xylometazoline for more than 3-5 days in a row, as this may lead to reactive hyperemia and chronic nasal congestion.
• Always follow dosage instructions and do not exceed recommended frequency of use to minimize the risk of side effects and addiction.
• Before using the medicine, it is recommended to clear the nasal passages.

Use LONGNO®C during pregnancy

The use of DLANO®S (xylometazoline hydrochloride) during pregnancy requires special caution, as the available data on its effects on pregnancy and the fetus are limited. Xylometazoline is a vasoconstrictor that is commonly used to reduce the symptoms of the common cold by reducing swelling and nasal congestion.

Medical literature indicates that xylometazoline use may be associated with risks to the pregnant woman and fetus, especially if used in high doses or late in pregnancy. Vasoconstrictors have the potential to reduce blood flow to the placenta, which may negatively affect the nutrition and oxygen supply to the fetus.

However, in some cases, the use of xylometazoline may be justified under strict medical supervision if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risks to the fetus. It is recommended to limit the use of xylometazoline to the lowest possible dose and duration necessary to improve symptoms.

Before using any medication, including DLANO®S, during pregnancy, you should discuss it with your doctor to ensure that the treatment will be safe for the health of the mother and fetus.

Contraindications

1. Atrophic rhinitis, also known as dry rhinitis, is a condition in which the lining of the nose becomes thin and dry.
2. Hypersensitivity to xylometazoline or any other component of the drug.
3. Children under 2 years of age for some forms of release (it is important to check the manufacturer's instructions).
4. History of surgical interventions on the meninges, since the vasoconstrictive effect may lead to systemic effects affecting the central nervous system.

Xylometazoline should also be used with caution in the following cases:

• Glaucoma, especially closed-angle, due to the potential increase in intraocular pressure.
• Cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, as DLANOS may increase symptoms.
• Thyrotoxicosis, in which accelerated metabolism may be aggravated by the influence of vasoconstrictors.
• Diabetes mellitus, since systemic effects may affect the vascular system.

Side effects LONGNO®C

1. Dryness of the nasal mucosa: DLANOS may cause dryness of the nasal mucosa, which may lead to discomfort, a feeling of tightness or itching.
2. Burning or Irritation: Some patients may experience burning or irritation in the nose after using DLANOS®.
3. Burning or redness of the eyes: Burning or redness of the eyes may occur when using xylometazoline.
4. Soreness or irritation in the throat: Some patients may experience a soreness or irritation in the throat after using the medicine.
5. Feeling Nausea or Dizziness: In rare cases, DLANO®S may cause a feeling of nausea or dizziness.
6. Development of drug dependence: With prolonged use of DLANO®Sa, drug dependence may develop, which will lead to a rebound increase in nasal congestion after discontinuing its use.
7. Increased blood pressure: Prolonged and/or excessive use of DLANOS may cause increased blood pressure in some patients.
8. Drowsiness or insomnia: Some people may experience drowsiness or insomnia as a result of using xylometazoline.

Overdose

1. Systemic side effects: Overdose of DLANO®Sa may result in increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, nervousness, headache, drowsiness, tremors, nausea and vomiting.
2. Local side effects: When applied topically (through the nose), overdose may cause a feeling of dryness and irritation of the nasal mucosa, nosebleeds, pain or burning.
3. Vascular damage: DLANO®S constricts blood vessels, and if taken in excess, this can lead to damage to the vascular walls.
4. Respiratory disorders: In cases of severe overdose, respiratory arrest or respiratory failure may occur.

Interactions with other drugs

1. MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors: Using DLANO®Sa with MAO inhibitors may increase blood pressure and cause serious adverse effects, including hypertensive crisis.
2. Tricyclic antidepressants: Drugs such as amitriptyline or imipramine may increase symptoms of adrenergic stimulation (eg, increased blood pressure and heart rate) when used concomitantly with xylometazoline.
3. Medicines containing ephedrine or pseudoephedrine: Combining DLANOS®Sa with these medicines may lead to increased blood pressure and increased heart rate.
4. Medicines containing cardiac glycosides (eg, digoxin): DLANO®C may enhance the cardiotoxic effects of cardiac glycosides, such as arrhythmias and electrocardiogram changes.
5. Medicines containing beta-blockers: Concomitant use with beta-blockers may weaken the effect of xylometazoline and reduce its effectiveness in narrowing blood vessels.
6. Medicines containing other sympathomimetics: Concomitant use of DLANO®Sa with other vasoconstrictor drugs, such as phenylephrine or oxymetazoline, may lead to an increase in their effect and an increased risk of adverse effects.