Dufalac

Duphalac (lactulose) is a medicine used to treat constipation. Lactulose is an original synthetic disaccharide that is not absorbed in the intestines, but has an osmotic effect, increasing the volume and improving the consistency of feces. It also stimulates the growth of beneficial intestinal microflora, which helps restore natural intestinal motility and improve its functions.

Indications Duphalaca

1. Treatment and prevention of constipation.
2. Correction of bowel disorders in patients with various intestinal diseases.
3. Preparation for examinations and operations on the intestines.
4. Complex therapy of hepatic encephalopathy (including the purpose of reducing ammonium salts in the intestine).
5. Regulation of intestinal microflora.
6. Prevention of occurrence and treatment of dysbacteriosis and intestinal infections.
7. Other conditions associated with impaired intestinal peristalsis and stool.

Release form

Duphalac is available as a syrup.

Pharmacodynamics

Lactulose, the main active ingredient in Duphalac, is an organic compound that is not absorbed in the human gastrointestinal tract. It passes through the intestines almost unchanged and has a laxative effect, increasing the volume of feces and improving its consistency. Lactulose also helps increase acidity in the intestines, which creates unfavorable conditions for the reproduction and activity of pathogenic microorganisms. This helps restore normal intestinal flora.

Pharmacokinetics

Lactulose is not usually absorbed in the human digestive tract. Instead, it passes through the intestines virtually unchanged. In the colon, lactulose is metabolized by bacteria present in the intestines into organic acids, including lactic and acetic acids, and gases. This process changes the acidity of the intestinal contents and stimulates intestinal peristalsis, which helps regulate bowel function and facilitate defecation.

Dosing and administration

1. Constipation: For the treatment of constipation in adults, the usual starting dose is 15 ml to 30 ml of lactulose once or twice a day. The dose can be increased if necessary. For children, the dosage is determined individually depending on age and weight.
2. Maintaining Bowel Health: To maintain bowel health and prevent constipation, it is generally recommended to take 15 ml to 30 ml of lactulose once daily.
3. Powder or syrup: Lactulose is available as a syrup or powder for solution. The dosage may be indicated on the packaging, but it is always best to consult your doctor for exact dosage recommendations.
4. Duration of treatment: The duration of treatment with lactulose may also vary depending on the medical condition. Treatment is usually continued until the desired effect is achieved, after which the dosage may be reduced or the drug may be discontinued.

Use Duphalaca during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the use of lactulose is generally considered relatively safe. However, as with any medication, it is important to consult with your doctor or midwife before using lactulose during pregnancy.

Contraindications

1. Individual intolerance or allergic reaction to lactulose or other components of the drug.
2. Increased risk of intestinal obstruction or peritonitis.
3. Galactosemia (galactose metabolism disorder) or lactase deficiency (lack of the enzyme lactase).
4. Severe disturbances of water and electrolyte balance.
5. Diabetes mellitus (when using medications containing sugar).

Side effects Duphalaca

1. Gas and bloating: Lactulose may promote gas formation in the intestines, which may cause gas and bloating.
2. Diarrhea: Excessive consumption of lactulose may cause diarrhea.
3. Vomiting or nausea: Some people may experience vomiting or nausea as a result of taking lactulose.
4. Disorientation or drowsiness: Although rare, some people may experience disorientation or drowsiness when taking lactulose.
5. Electrolyte disturbances: Long-term use of lactulose may cause electrolyte disturbances such as loss of potassium or sodium.

Overdose

Overdose of lactulose is usually unlikely due to its low toxicity and lack of systemic absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. However, if the recommended dose is exceeded, side effects such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or unwanted increase in intestinal gas may occur.

Interactions with other drugs

Duphalac does not usually interact with other drugs due to its nature and low systemic absorption.