Daqing

Daqing refers to chemotherapeutic anti-tumor cytostatic drugs that disrupt the structure of DNA and prevent the proliferation of cancer cells. 

Indications Daqing

Daqing is indicated for malignant metastatic melanoma. Also, the drug is prescribed for Hodgkin's disease, progressive soft tissue sarcoma (with the exception of Kaposi's sarcoma and mesothelioma) as a combined treatment for adult patients.  

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Release form

Daqing is available as a lyophilized (dried and frozen) powder, from which an injection or dropper is prepared. 

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Pharmacodynamics

Daqing suppresses the growth of cells, not associated with the cell cycle and inhibits the synthesis of DNA.

The active substance of the drug - dacarbazine may be included in other mechanisms aimed at the destruction of cancer cells in the body. It is generally believed that dacarbazine does not have an antitumor effect, but due to the rapid conversion of 5-amino-imidazole-4-carboxamide and methyl cation into the body, the cytostatic effect of dacarbazine is observed. 

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Pharmacokinetics

When administered intravenously, dacarbazine rapidly spreads through the tissues. There is a binding with blood proteins by 5%.

The initial half-life is 20 minutes, the final half-life is from half an hour to 3.5 hours. Dacarbazine is inactive until metabolism in the liver, resulting in the formation of active N-demethylated compounds.

In the liver, dacarbazine is subject to hydrooxidation and demethylation. About 20-50% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine.  

Dosing and administration

Daqing is administered intravenously. Treatment with the drug should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

Dakarbazine is susceptible to sunlight and all solutions that contain dacarbazine should be protected from sunlight, including. And during the administration.

When malignant melanoma is prescribed usually 200-250 mg / m ² once a day, the duration of therapy is 5 days (every three weeks the course of treatment is repeated).

It is also possible to administer the dropwise method in a dosage of 850 mg / m ² every three weeks.

With Hodgkin's disease - 375 mg / m ² every 15 days.

With soft tissue sarcoma - 250 mg / m ²  for 1 to 5 days, the course should be repeated every three weeks.     

Duration of treatment is determined by the doctor individually in each case, taking into account all factors (age, susceptibility of the organism, type and stage of the disease, etc.).

The drug in a dosage of up to 200 mg / m ² is injected slowly as an intravenous injection, higher doses (up to 850 mg / m ² are administered with a dropper within 15 to 30 minutes.

The solution for injection is prepared immediately before the introduction, with the use of drip systems, it is recommended to wrap them with UV-resistant foil.

Before the introduction it is recommended to visually assess the condition of the solution (use only transparent, completely dissolved powder).

Any residues that remain after preparation, as well as rejected prepared solutions, materials used in preparing the preparation, are subject to destruction (incineration).  

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Use Daqing during pregnancy

Daqing is not prescribed to pregnant women.

Patients of childbearing age should use reliable contraceptives throughout the course of treatment. 

Contraindications

Daqing is contraindicated in cases of increased susceptibility to certain components of the medicament, a lowered level of leukocytes, severe forms of hepatic and renal insufficiency. 

Side effects Daqing

Daqing can provoke anemia, decrease in platelet count, leukocytes and other blood elements in the blood, anaphylactic shock, headaches, blurred vision, convulsions, numbness of the facial nerve, redness of the face, anorexia, vomiting, upset of the stool, impaired liver function (including necrosis) , renal failure, hair loss, darkening of the skin, increased susceptibility to ultraviolet light, hives, flu-like syndrome, inflammation at the injection site. 

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Overdose

Daqing in case of an overdose suppresses the hematopoietic function, which ultimately can lead to bone marrow aplasia.

Also, there may be a decrease in the level of platelets, leukocytes in the blood. 

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Interactions with other drugs

Daqing simultaneously with radiotherapy, with other cytostatic drugs, which have a negative effect on the bone marrow, shows a stronger myelotoxic effect.

When prescribing drugs should take into account that Daqing is cleaved in the liver by enzymes P450.

With the simultaneous administration of methoxypsoralen, there may be an increased susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation. 

Contraindicated simultaneously with Dacin use of the vaccine against yellow fever, it is not recommended to use phenytoin.

When vaccinated with vaccines with weakened living microorganisms, the risk of developing a systemic disease increases, especially with reduced immunity.

Caution is used immunosuppressants, as the risk of proliferation of lymphatic tissue increases. 

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Storage conditions

Daqing should be stored in a place protected from sunlight and moisture. Storage temperature should not exceed 25 ° C. The drug is stored in an enclosed place inaccessible to children. 

The solution for injection prepared in aseptic conditions can be stored for no more than 24 hours at a temperature of 2 to 8 ° C 

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Shelf life

Daqing is suitable for three years from the date of manufacture, subject to the preservation of the original packaging and proper storage. 

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