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The cavity of the mouth (cavitas oris)
Last reviewed: 19.11.2021
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The cavity of the mouth (cavitas oris) is located in the lower part of the face, is the beginning of the digestive system. The oral cavity is limited from below by the maxillofacial muscles that make up the muscular base of the lower wall of the oral cavity - the diaphragm of the mouth (diaphragma oris). The upper wall of the oral cavity is formed by a hard and soft keb, from the sides - cheeks, in front - lips. Behind the oral cavity through a wide opening - fauces - communicates with the pharynx. The oral cavity is divided into a smaller front section - the vestibule of the mouth and the actual oral cavity. The vestibule of the mouth (vestibulum oris) is limited to the front lips, on the sides - the inner surface of the cheeks, behind and from the medial side - teeth and gums. Knogri from the gums and teeth is actually the mouth cavity (cavitas oris propria).
The gums are the alveolar processes of the upper jaws and the alveolar part of the lower jaw, covered with a mucous membrane. The vestibule and the mouth proper communicate through a narrow gap between the upper and lower teeth.
Oral slit (rima oris) is limited by the upper and lower lips (labium superius and labium inferius), which are joined laterally from each side by a labial commissure (lip adhesion). The base of the lips is the circular muscle of the mouth. The mucous membrane of the lips on the eve of the mouth changes to the alveolar processes and the alveolar part of the jaw, forms the bridle of the upper lip and the bridle of the lower lip (frenulum labii superioris et frenulum labii inferioris).
The cheeks (buccae) have a buccal muscle at the base. Between the muscle and the skin is a cluster of adipose tissue - the fatty body of the cheek (shrink adiposum buccae), or the fatty lump of Bisha, the most developed in infants. At this age, the fatty lump thickens the oral cavity wall, contributes to reducing the effect of atmospheric pressure on the oral cavity and thus sucking.