C-flox

C-Flox is an antimicrobial drug that belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones. Let's look at the features of this drug, indications for use, dosage, possible side effects and storage rules.

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Indications C-flox

Indications for the use of C-phlox should be based on the symptoms of the disease. Let's consider in which cases it is necessary to take C-phlox:

• Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of C-phlox;
• Diseases of the abdominal cavity;
• Respiratory diseases;
• Diseases of bones and skin;
• Diseases of the pelvic organs;
• Septicemia;
• Treatment and prevention of postoperative infections;
• Treatment of infectious diseases in patients with a weakened immune system;
• Acute conjunctivitis;
• Bacterial corneal ulcers;
• Infectious eye lesions, preoperative and postoperative prevention in ophthalmic surgery.

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Release form

The release form of the drug C-Flox is film-coated tablets and an infusion solution in vials. Tablets are available in 0.25 g, 0.5 g and 0.75 g of the active substance. The infusion solution is available in 50 and 100 ml vials, and a 1% solution of the drug in 10 ml ampoules. The cardboard packaging of the drug contains one plate for 10 tablets, and a box with injections contains 10 vials.

Two forms of release of C-Flox allow to choose the optimal and effective method of treatment. For prevention of diseases use tablets of C-Flox, and for emergency treatment – injections.

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Pharmacodynamics

C-phlox is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug, it has a bactericidal effect. After entering the body, C-phlox suppresses DNA gyrase and inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis. The drug shows effective action against gram-negative bacteria (Shigella spp., Escherichia coli, Neisseria meningitides and others).

The drug is active against Staphylococcus spp. and strains that produce penicillinase. The drug has an effect on some strains of Campylobacter spp., Mycoplasma spp., Enterococcus spp. The active substance of the drug - ciprofloxacin actively fights bacteria that produce beta-lactamases. The drug poorly suppresses the action of Clostridium difficile, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Nocardia asteroides. The effect of the drug on other bacteria and microorganisms has not been sufficiently studied.

Pharmacodynamics of C-flox are the processes that occur with the drug after use. Thus, the active substance of C-flox – ciprofloxacin has an effective bactericidal, that is, antibacterial effect. The drug blocks DNA gyrase, disrupts the division and growth of bacterial DNA and prevents DNA replication.

After administration, C-Flox causes morphological changes at the cellular level and leads to rapid death of bacterial cells. The active substance ciprofloxacin has a wide range of antimicrobial effects. C-Flox is active against:

• Enterococcus faecalis
• Staphylococcus (aureus, epidermidis, pneumoniae, pyogenes)
• Haemophilus influenzae, parainfluenzae
• Staphylococcus (haemolyticus, hominis, saprophyticus)
• Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
• Chlamydia trachomatis, as well as other bacteria and microorganisms.

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics of C-Flox are the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drug after its administration. Let's consider how the drug affects the body. After administration, C-Flox is completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. The bioavailability of the drug is 70-80%. The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood is observed 60 minutes after administration. Please note that the drug must be taken before meals, since food slows down the absorption of the drug.

C-phlox is synthesized with plasma proteins by 30-40%. High concentrations of the drug are observed in the kidneys, liver, genitals, urine, lungs, bile, bone muscles, adipose tissue, cartilage and penetrate the placenta. The half-life of the drug when taking tablets is up to five hours. C-phlox is metabolized in the liver, excreted with bile, forming low-active metabolites.

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Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dosage of the drug are prescribed individually and depend on the symptoms of the disease, the patient's age and other features of the course of the disease and the state of the body. On average, the treatment period lasts from seven days to a month, the drug is taken twice a day at 250-750 mg. When administering the drug, a single dose of 200-400 mg is used, the duration of treatment is from one week or more. The drug is administered by jet, but preference is given to drip administration for 30-50 minutes.

If the drug is used locally, then 1-2 drops are instilled into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye every 2-5 hours. After the condition improves, the time interval between procedures is increased.

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Use C-flox during pregnancy

The use of C-Flox during pregnancy is prohibited. The active substance of the drug, ciprofloxacin, penetrates the placental barrier and negatively affects the development of the fetus, causing pathologies. Experimental studies were conducted that helped to establish that taking C-Flox during pregnancy causes arthropathy.

The drug is excreted in breast milk, so it is prohibited to take it during breastfeeding. If it is impossible to refuse treatment during pregnancy, then C-phlox is replaced with safer analogues.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of C-Flox are based on individual intolerance to the active components of the drug. Thus, the drug should not be taken in the presence of:

• Epilepsy;
• Hypersensitivity to quinolones;
• During pregnancy and lactation;
• The drug is prohibited for use by adolescents and children whose skeletal formation has not yet been completed, that is, under 15 years of age;
• In case of impaired renal function.

C-phlox is contraindicated for use with drugs that reduce stomach acidity, i.e. antacids. Also, C-phlox is contraindicated for use with alkaline waters, as this will reduce the therapeutic effectiveness of C-phlox.

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Side effects C-flox

Side effects of C-Flox occur when the dosage of the drug is not observed and in the case of using a drug whose storage rules or expiration date have been violated. But sometimes, side effects of C-Flox can also occur due to interaction with other drugs. Let's look at the most common side effects of C-Flox:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Visual disturbances and hallucinations
• Albuminuria
• Crystalluria
• Tachycardia
• Leukopenia
• Heart rhythm disturbances
• Neuropenia
• Skin itching
• Candidiasis
• Hives

With prolonged use of C-phlox, local side effects are possible. As a rule, they manifest as a painful condition, phlebitis, vasculitis, conjunctivitis.

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Overdose

Overdose of C-Flox is possible with prolonged use of the drug, use of a high dose or improper use. In case of overdose, kidney complications occurred in patients who took the drug orally. Therefore, if symptoms of overdose appear, it is necessary to wash the stomach, take emetics and drink more fluids.

The drug has no other symptoms of overdose. However, some patients with cardiovascular diseases may experience increased blood pressure and headaches.

Interactions with other drugs

The interaction of C-Flox with other drugs is possible only with the permission of a doctor. Thus, with the simultaneous use of the drug with didanosine, the absorption of C-Flox is significantly reduced. This occurs due to the formation of complexons of the active substance C-Flox with magnesium buffers, which are contained in didanosine.

C-Flox is prohibited to be taken simultaneously with warfarin, as the risk of bleeding increases. When C-Flox interacts with theophylline, the toxicity of the latter drug increases, which is dangerous for the human body. C-Flox interacts poorly with drugs that contain zinc, iron, magnesium or aluminum ions. Since such drugs reduce the absorption of C-Flox. That is why, in complex treatment, all drugs are recommended to be taken at intervals to avoid unwanted interactions.

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Storage conditions

The storage conditions of C-phlox are described in the instructions for the drug and must be fully observed. Since the shelf life of C-phlox and its medicinal properties depend on the storage conditions. The drug must be stored at room temperature, preferably in a place that is inaccessible to sunlight and children.

The storage conditions for diluted ampoules of the drug are no longer than 24 hours at a temperature of up to 10 degrees Celsius and 48 hours at a temperature of up to 5 degrees Celsius. If the storage rules are not followed, the drug loses its medicinal properties. In addition, due to non-compliance with the storage conditions, the physical properties of the drug are violated. The powder in the vials may change color and consistency, this also applies to tablets.

Shelf life

The expiration date of C-Flox is indicated on the packaging of the drug and is 4 years, i.e. 48 months. Upon expiration of the drug, it must be disposed of. Taking the drug is strictly prohibited, as this can lead to irreversible and unpredictable reactions of the body.