Anuzole

Anuzol is a combination drug used in medical practice to treat various rectal diseases. Its composition includes the following active ingredients:

1. Belladonna Leaf Extract (Atropinae sulfas): Belladonna contains atropine, which has the ability to reduce glandular secretion, including that of the rectum. It also has a muscle relaxant effect, helping to reduce muscle tone and cramps in the rectal area.
2. Bismuth tribromophenolate and bismuth oxide complex: These components are mainly used for their antiseptic and antibacterial properties. They help reduce inflammation and irritation of the rectal mucosa.
3. Zinc Sulfate Heptahydrate: Zinc sulfate has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, helping to restore damaged tissues and speed up the healing process.

Together, these components provide a complex effect aimed at reducing symptoms and improving the condition of various diseases of the rectum, such as hemorrhoids, proctitis, anal fissures, etc. The drug is usually provided in the form of suppositories for rectal use.

Indications Anuzola

1. Hemorrhoids: Anusol helps reduce inflammation, itching and pain associated with internal and external hemorrhoids.
2. Proctitis: This medication may be used to treat inflammation of the lining of the rectum, characteristic of proctitis.
3. Anal fissures: Anusol may help relieve pain and reduce inflammation in anal fissures.
4. Proctosigmatitis: This drug can be used to treat inflammation in the rectum and sigmoid region.
5. Prophylaxis after rectal surgery: Anusol may be recommended as a means of reducing the risk of infection and promoting healing after rectal surgery.

Release form

Suppositories: The drug is supplied in the form of suppositories for rectal administration. This is a convenient form for the treatment of hemorrhoids and other diseases of the rectum.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Belladonna (Atropine Belladonna) Leaf Extract: Belladonna contains alkaloids such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which have an antispasmodic (relaxing) effect on the smooth muscles of the intestine. This helps reduce spasms and pain in diseases of the rectum and perineum.
2. Bismuth tribromophenolate and bismuth oxide complex: Bismuth oxide has an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect, and also creates a protective layer on the surface of the mucous membrane, which helps protect it and reduce irritation.
3. Zinc sulfate heptahydrate: Zinc has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, helps speed up the wound healing process and reduce swelling.

The general action of "Anuzol" is aimed at alleviating the symptoms of anorectal diseases, such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, proctitis and other inflammatory diseases, including reducing pain, reducing swelling and healing damaged tissue.

Pharmacokinetics

• Belladonna Leaf Extract: Belladonna alkaloids such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine are generally poorly absorbed through the intestines, especially when applied topically. They may have systemic effects only at much higher doses or when inadvertently ingested.
• Bismuth oxide and bismuth tribromophenolate complex: Bismuth oxide, used as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent, is also not usually absorbed into the blood in significant quantities when applied topically. Its use is limited to local action.
• Zinc Sulfate Heptahydrate: Zinc, which has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, may also be poorly absorbed from topical application. Its systemic absorption is usually limited.

Dosing and administration

Suppositories are inserted into the rectum after natural or artificial defecation. It is usually recommended to use 1 suppository 1-2 times a day, morning and evening, for 7-14 days. Dosage may vary depending on the severity of symptoms and response to treatment.

Use Anuzola during pregnancy

• Belladonna Leaf Extract:

  • Belladonna contains the alkaloids atropine and scopolamine, which may affect the central nervous system and smooth muscle. Research suggests that these substances may cross the placental barrier and cause systemic effects in the fetus. Due to potential toxicity, belladonna is not recommended for use during pregnancy (Qeios, 2020).

• Bismuth tribromophenolate and bismuth oxide complex:

  • Bismuth is used in medicine as an antibacterial and antiseptic agent. Research suggests that bismuth may be safe when applied topically and in low doses, but there is insufficient data on its safety during pregnancy. Use of bismuth should be limited to avoid potential risks to the fetus.

• Zinc sulfate heptahydrate:

  • Zinc is essential for normal fetal development and is used to prevent birth defects. Research shows that adequate zinc intake during pregnancy may protect against intrauterine growth restriction and other complications (Chen et al., 2012). However, excess zinc intake may also be harmful.

Contraindications

• Individual intolerance to the components of the drug: People with a known allergy to one or more components of "Anuzol" should avoid using it.
• Liver disease: The drug contains bismuth compounds and its use may be contraindicated in patients with liver disease or impaired liver function.
• Kidney disease: Patients with kidney disease or impaired kidney function should use Anuzol with caution, as bismuth compounds may have a negative effect on the kidneys.
• Acute gastric or duodenal ulcer: The use of Anuzol may be contraindicated in patients with acute gastric or duodenal ulcers due to the possibility of irritation of the mucous membrane.
• Heart disease: Use of the drug may be limited in patients with heart failure, arrhythmia or other cardiovascular diseases due to the possible negative effects of belladonna alkaloids.
• Eye diseases: The use of "Anuzol" may be contraindicated in patients with glaucoma due to a possible increase in intraocular pressure.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: The use of "Anuzol" during pregnancy or breastfeeding should be agreed with a doctor, since the safety of its use in these cases has not been established.

Side effects Anuzola

• Dry mouth: This is one of the most common side effects caused by the anti-salivation properties of belladonna alkaloids.
• Gastrointestinal disturbances: May include nausea, vomiting, constipation, or diarrhea.
• Allergic reactions: Include skin rash, itching, hives.
• Increased cardiac activity: Belladonna may cause increased heart rate and arrhythmias in some patients.
• Increased intraocular pressure: This can be a problem in patients with glaucoma.
• Urinary disorders: Possibly, more rarely, difficulty urinating or urinary retention may occur.
• Smooth muscle spasms: Spasms of the smooth muscles of the intestine may occur, causing intestinal colic.
• Drowsiness or dizziness: These effects may occur in some patients, especially when the recommended dose is exceeded.
• Increased body temperature: This is possible due to the stimulating effect of belladonna alkaloids.
• Visual impairment: In rare cases, dilation of the pupils and changes in visual acuity may occur.

Overdose

An overdose of Anuzol may lead to increased side effects listed above, such as dry mouth, gastrointestinal disorders, increased cardiac activity, allergic reactions, and others.

Interactions with other drugs

• Antiseptics: Using Anuzol simultaneously with other drugs containing antiseptics for the treatment of anorectal diseases may enhance the effect or lead to undesirable side effects. Before simultaneous use, consult a doctor.
• Drugs affecting the central nervous system: Since Anusol may cause drowsiness or dizziness, concomitant use with other drugs affecting the central nervous system (CNS), such as hypnotics, sedatives or analgesics, may enhance these effects.
• Antifungal drugs: Some antifungal drugs may interact with the components of Anuzol, especially if used systemically. This may affect their effectiveness or increase side effects.
• Antiallergic drugs: The use of "Anuzol" simultaneously with antiallergic drugs may increase the sedative effect and other adverse reactions.
• Medicines that increase bleeding: Using Anuzol with medicines that may increase bleeding or reduce blood clotting, such as aspirin or anticoagulants, may increase the risk of bleeding or other complications.