Abipim

Abipim is a broad-spectrum drug. It helps to cure respiratory tract infections, as well as bronchitis and pneumonia. It is indispensable for diseases associated with the genitourinary system, urinary tract infections, such as pyelonephritis. It helps to cure soft tissue and skin infections, gynecological infections and bacterial meningitis.

Abipime has several analogs that have similar characteristics and therapeutic properties, among the analogs used are cefepime, quartacef, epipime and maxicef. Analogs of abipime are prescribed only by the attending physician, it is prohibited to choose the drug yourself.

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Indications Abipim

Indications for the use of abipime include prevention of complications in the postoperative period, empirical therapy of neutropenic fever and microflora sensitive to the drug.

Indications for use of abipime:

• Septicemia.
• Respiratory tract infections, bronchitis and pneumonia.
• Intra-abdominal infections.
• Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
• Gynecological diseases.
• Biliary tract infections.

Abipim is suitable for both children and adults. Doctors give the following indications for the use of abipim for children:

• Bacterial meningitis
• Septicemia
• Pneumonia
• Neuropenic fever
• Skin infections
• Urinary tract infections

If the patient is at risk of developing severe infections, then in addition to monotherapy with abipime, full antimicrobial therapy is prescribed.

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Release form

Abipime is available as a powder used to prepare injections. Injection capacity: 100 mg, 500 mg, 1000 mg and 2000 mg in vials No. 1 and No. 5.

Two-component and three-component syringes of both small and large volumes are used for injections. The syringe is selected depending on the injection capacity.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics of abipime has a wide spectrum of action, due to the fact that the synthesis of bacterial cell wall enzymes is suppressed. Abipime is highly resistant to the hydrolysis process, has a weak affinity with chromosomal genes and very quickly penetrates bacterial gram-negative cells.

Abipime is active against the following microorganisms:

Gram-positive aerobes:

• streptococci
• hemolytic streptococci
• staphylococci

Anaerobes:

• oral microorganisms

Gram-negative aerobes:

• beta-lactamase producing strains
• β-lactamase producing strains

Pharmacodynamics of abipime is the mechanism responsible for the localization of the drug and the effect of the medicinal substances contained in abipime.

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics of abipime is the process of distribution and absorption of the drug. Formokinetics is responsible for the metabolism of abipime in the body, as well as its elimination from the body.

Abipime begins to be eliminated from the body within two hours. No accumulation of the drug in the body is observed. Abipime is eliminated from the body through the kidneys, which are responsible for the mechanism of regulation of glomerular filtration.

During the studies on the pharmacokinetics of abipime in patients with renal failure, a prolonged period of drug elimination from the body was revealed. In case of kidney failure, the elimination period is from 13 to 19 hours. The pharmacokinetics of abipime in patients with liver disease does not change. The dose of the drug is 50 mg per 1 kg of body weight, when used every 8 hours.

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Dosing and administration

Before using abipime, it is very important to do a drug tolerance test, that is, a skin test.

The dosage of the drug for adults is 1 g intramuscularly or intravenously at intervals of 12 hours. The duration of treatment is from 7 to 10 days; in severe infections, a long course of treatment is possible. The dosage of abipime and the method of administration depend on the complexity of the infection, the condition of the kidneys, and the sensitivity of the microorganisms that cause the infection.

Dosage of abipime for adults:

• Severe infections – 2 g intravenously, taken every 12 hours.
• Urinary tract infections – 1 g – 500 mg intramuscularly or intravenously, taking the drug every 12 hours.
• Life-threatening infections – 2 g intravenously, taken every 8 hours.
• Moderate and mild infections – 1 g intramuscularly or intravenously, taking the drug every 12 hours.
• For prophylaxis during surgical operations – 2 g intravenously for 30 minutes one hour before the operation.
• In case of kidney impairment, the dose of abipime is selected individually.

Children are prescribed abipime at the age of 1 to 2 months, from 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight, after 8 or 12 hours, depending on the severity of the disease and infection. Children with a body weight of more than 40 kg are prescribed abipime according to the same parameters as adults. The duration of treatment is from 7 to 10 days.

Use Abipim during pregnancy

There are no studies on the use of abipime during pregnancy. Therefore, it is not possible to accurately predict the outcome of treatment and the effect of the drug on the course of pregnancy and the fetus.

Abipime is prescribed during pregnancy only in cases where the risk to the fetus is not considered, since the benefit of treatment for the mother is important. As for the intake of abipime by nursing mothers, the drug gets into breast milk, although not in large quantities. Therefore, when taking abipime in the postpartum period, you should stop breastfeeding. Abipime is prescribed to babies from the age of one month.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of abipime are similar to those of similar drugs.

• Hypersensitivity to abipime
• Sensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics
• Hypersensitivity to penicillins

Allergic reactions occupy a special place in contraindications for the use of abipin. The drug can cause serious complications and hypersensitivity reactions.

When using abipime, special attention should be paid to the development of pathology and diarrhea throughout the entire period of taking the drug. The use of abipime can lead to irritation of sensitive microflora, as is the case with other potent antibiotics.

Side effects Abipim

Side effects caused by taking abipime include:

• Nausea
• Vomit
• Colitis
• Diarrhea
• Oral candidiasis
• Hypersensitivity
• Hives
• Itching
• Fever
• Headache
• Erythema

In severe cases, side effects such as:

• Respiratory distress
• Abdominal pain
• Genital itching
• Dizziness
• Constipation
• Candidiasis
• Anaphylaxis
• Paresthesia
• Epileptiform seizures

Studies of abipime have shown that phlebitis and inflammation may develop when the drug is administered.

Abipime should be taken after the doctor's prescription and under his supervision, strictly observing the dosage, time and rules for using abipime. This will avoid a number of the above-described side effects of abipime.

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Overdose

An overdose of abipime may occur if the prescribed dosage of the drug and time of administration are not followed.

Symptoms of an overdose of abipime:

• Hallucinations
• Neuromuscular excitability
• Encephalopathy
• Stupor
• Myoclonus
• Disturbances of consciousness
• Cases of coma have been recorded

To relieve symptoms of drug overdose, it is necessary to conduct sympathetic therapy and stop the administration of the drug. In cases of severe allergic reactions, it is necessary to conduct intensive therapy, possibly with the use of adrenaline.

Interactions with other drugs

Interaction of abipime with other drugs is possible, but only under the supervision of the attending physician. If high doses of aminoglycosides are used simultaneously with abipime, special attention should be paid to kidney function, since there is a possibility of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of aminoglycoside drugs. A similar effect was observed after the interaction of abipime with diuretic drugs.

Abim with a concentration of up to 40 mg/ml interacts with the following parenteral solutions:

• 5% glucose solution
• 10% glucose solution for injection
• 0.9% solution of nitrium chloride
• Sodium lactate solution
• Ringer's solution with lactate and glucose.

To avoid irreversible reactions and side infections, abipime is administered separately from netilmicin sulfate, metronidazole, gentamicin or vancomycin solutions. When abipime and any of the above drugs are prescribed, injections are administered separately to prevent drug interactions.

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Storage conditions

Abipime must be stored in the original packaging, out of reach of children, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.

If the storage conditions of abipime are not observed, the drug may deteriorate, change its color and properties. It is very important not to mix abipime with other drugs in one container, as this will lead to irreversible side effects.

Shelf life

The shelf life of abipime is 24 months from the production date, which is indicated on the bottle with the drug. Please note that abipime is a white to yellowish powder, any other color changes indicate non-compliance with storage rules or expiration of the drug. Abim is dispensed only with a prescription from the attending physician. The drug packaging is 500 mg of powder or 1 g bottle per pack.