Dalacin

Dalacin is a lincosamide antibiotic. Such drugs are resistant to gastric juice. The main active ingredient of Dalacin is clindamycin, which is active against some bacteria and prevents the proliferation of pathogenic microflora.

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Indications Dalacina

Dalacin is prescribed to patients with:

• otitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other infectious respiratory diseases. The drug is also prescribed for purulent pneumonia, inflammation of the pleura;
• pustular inflammations of the skin, infected wounds, impetigo and other infectious skin lesions. The drug is also used for joint inflammation;
• inflammation of the uterine mucosa, acute purulent inflammation of adipose tissue, infection of the cervix, inflammation of the fallopian tubes and other diseases of the female genitourinary system caused by infections;
• purulent inflammation of the abdominal cavity, peritonitis and other intra-abdominal infections;
• inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity (inflammation of the root membrane of the tooth, purulent inflammation of the periodontium, etc.);

Dalacin is also prescribed as a preventative measure for inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, after surgical interventions in the neck and head area, and peritonitis.

In addition, the drug is used for malaria, including the disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium.

Release form

Dalacin is available as capsules or injection solution.

The active substance in capsules can be 150 mg or 300 mg, in ampoules – 300 mg or 600 mg.

The cardboard package contains two blisters with eight capsules each. The ampoules can be 4 ml each, or 10 ampoules in a cardboard package.

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Pharmacodynamics

Dalacin destroys gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci, anthrax, diphtheria, etc.).

The drug is also effective against actinomycetes, bacteroides, clostridia, eubacteria, fusobacteria, peptococci, peptostreptococci, prevotella, propionibacteria.

Chlamydia, leptospira, mycoplasma, malarial plasmodia, and toxoplasma are sensitive to the drug.

Do not use Dalacin if the infection is caused by gram-negative microorganisms and strains that are resistant to lincomycin.

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Pharmacokinetics

Dalacin is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by almost 90% after administration. The rate of absorption does not depend on food intake.

The drug penetrates into the general bloodstream fairly quickly and the highest concentration of the substance can be observed in plasma after about an hour. In old age and in patients with renal failure, the half-life may increase.

After administration, clindamycin is observed in all organs and body fluids (in particular, bronchial secretions, saliva, liver, gall bladder, appendix, etc.). The drug accumulates in large quantities in the bone marrow.

The active substance crosses the hematoplacental barrier and accumulates in large quantities in breast milk.

Dalacin cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.

Approximately 10% of the drug is excreted unchanged. The active substance is metabolized in the liver, and most of the drug is excreted by the kidneys.

After prolonged use, accumulation of the drug and metabolic disorders do not occur.

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Dosing and administration

Dalacin tablets are prescribed by the attending physician, who determines the dosage and course of treatment. When prescribing the drug, concomitant diseases, age, severity of the condition, etc. are taken into account.

The tablets are taken whole (it is better to take the tablet during meals).

The standard dosage for adults is 150 mg four times a day (take the tablets at equal intervals).

In severe cases of the disease, it is permissible to increase the dosage to 450 mg at a time.

For chlamydia, infectious inflammation of the uterus, 450 mg is prescribed every six hours, the course of treatment is two weeks.

For children, the dosage is calculated based on weight (usually up to 25 mg per day is prescribed, which must be divided into four doses).

Dalacin injections can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

The drug is administered intramuscularly at a dose of no more than 600 mg at a time, intravenously - about 30 g per minute. The course of treatment is not less than four days. If necessary, after the end of the course of injections, Dalacin is prescribed in tablets.

The standard dosage for an adult is 150-300 mg up to 4 times a day at equal intervals.

In severe conditions caused by infections, the daily dose may be increased to 2700 mg (in several doses).

In severe life-threatening conditions, intravenous administration is prescribed (up to 4800 mg per day).

To dilute the drug, use water for injection, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 5% dextrose solution.

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Use Dalacina during pregnancy

Dalacin does not have precise data on its safe use by pregnant women, so the drug is prescribed with extreme caution, taking into account the vital indications of the mother and fetus.

Contraindications

Dalacin is not prescribed for people with allergies to some components of the drug and lincoside antibiotics.

Contraindications to the use of Dalacin are severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, inflammation of the colon after antibacterial therapy (including in the past).

Dalacin is not prescribed to children under 1 month of age.

Side effects Dalacina

Dalacin can cause stomach pain, nausea, upset stomach, inflammation of the esophagus, dysbacteriosis. In addition, oral administration of the drug can often cause an esophageal ulcer.

Taking the drug may cause an increase in the level of eosinophils in the blood, a decrease in neutrophils, leukocytes, and platelets.

Dalacin can cause allergic reactions on the skin and mucous membranes (including anaphylactic shock), and disturbances in neuromuscular conduction.

If Dalacin is injected too quickly, weakness, dizziness, increased blood pressure, and respiratory arrest may occur.

Intramuscular injections may cause irritation and purulent inflammation at the injection site.

To avoid the occurrence of local side effects, when administering intramuscularly, it is necessary to inject the drug as deeply into the muscle as possible.

Administration of the drug through an intravenous catheter may cause inflammation of the venous walls and the formation of blood clots.

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Overdose

Dalacin in high doses causes special clinical manifestations. In case of drug overdose, various methods of blood purification are ineffective.

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Interactions with other drugs

Dalacin is not prescribed with barbiturates, calcium gluconate, apicillin, erythromycin, magnesium sulfate. Parallel administration of Dalacin with drugs for the treatment of diarrhea increases the likelihood of developing acute intestinal inflammation. It is also possible to increase the effect of drugs that relax skeletal muscles.

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Storage conditions

Store at a temperature of 15-25 ⁰ C in a place protected from moisture and sunlight. Store in a place where small children cannot reach.

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Shelf life

Dalacin tablets are valid for five years from the date of manufacture, injections – 24 months. The prepared solution can be used within 24 hours.