Bleeding from the anus in men and women: causes, treatment

Most people with the appearance of blood in the anus are not rushing to the doctor: too delicate a problem, at first glance. However, it should be borne in mind that bleeding from the anus can be a sign of formidable diseases in which to postpone a visit to a doctor in the literal sense of "death alike".

Consultation of a medical specialist and in this situation should refer to a proctologist, or coloproctologist, in many cases is mandatory. At least, the patient will be able to calm down and make sure that the problem is insignificant and can be solved.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Epidemiology

According to statistics, the most common cause of anal bleeding is hemorrhoidal inflammation. At least 80% of adults have this or that stage of hemorrhoids.

[6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

Causes of the bleeding from the anus

The appearance of bloody discharge can be explained for a number of different reasons. We must not forget that this is just one of the symptoms, which may indicate both a minor problem and a serious danger. The most commonly diagnosed causes of bleeding in the anus:

• damage to the skin, cracks in the anal region;
• single or multiple polyps in the lower intestinal segments;
• inflammation of the hemorrhoids;
• malignant tumor processes;
• bleeding in the digestive system (eg, with ulcers or erosions);
• injuries of the rectum with constipation, dense feces, as well as anal sex;
• intestinal infectious lesions;
• ulcerative bowel disease.

Precisely establish the cause of the appearance of blood can only be after the diagnosis.

• Bleeding from the anus at hemorrhoids can be observed, both after some time after visiting the toilet, and directly during defecation. Blood is more often allocated by drops of scarlet color.

In the presence of hemorrhoids, blood can not always be released, but only after a difficult stool, or with the allocation of too dense stools. Do not exclude the appearance of blood and after physical overload.

Hemorrhoids are characterized by the presence of enlarged venous nodes in the anus.

• Bleeding at the anus of anus is often observed in people who suffer from constipation. Irregular stools, dense stools, irritated and damaged tissues in the anorectal zone - any of these factors can lead to the appearance of microcracks on the skin and mucous membranes. Bleeding fracture is usually formed at the border where the rectum terminates.
• Bleeding from the anus in liver cirrhosis looks like the appearance of a dark - almost black, feces. It should be clarified that with cirrhosis of black bloody feces - this is not the only symptom of internal bleeding, which is associated with the development of portal hypertension. Additional signs may be vomiting with blood, palpitations, lowering of blood pressure, general weakness.
• Bleeding from the anus after alcohol can be due to exacerbation of the stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer, or vascular rupture. If at the same time there is pain in the abdominal region, or in the anus, this can become a symptom of poisoning or ulcerative inflammation of the intestinal walls.

Importantly: most often the discharge of blood with feces is observed after consuming substandard alcoholic beverages - surrogates. This is due not only to poisoning, but also to damage to the internal walls of the digestive system (chemical burns).

• Bleeding from the anus after chemotherapy can be associated with bleeding from the tumor itself, or with the appearance of ulcers or erosions in the intestines due to the effects of medications. Often the appearance of blood is one of the side effects of chemotherapeutic treatment. In this situation, you should consult a doctor who is treating a tumor.
• Bleeding from the anus after anal sex happens often. Blood can appear for various reasons: rough and fast contact, discrepancy between the size of the genital organ and the anal opening, predisposition of the anorectal zone to bleeding and diseases, lack of lubrication in anal intercourse, the presence of polyps of the rectum. Anal sex can not always be safe. Therefore, when deciding on this step, it is necessary to carefully prepare for it: and, most importantly, partners must trust each other and take their time. If pain occurs during the act, it is better to return to the traditional form of sex.
• Bleeding with prostatitis from the anus is rare and may be associated with pathological discharge from the inflamed ducts of the prostate glands. In a similar situation, there should be other signs of inflammation of the prostate : difficulty urinating, enlargement of the gland and pain in it, a state of general weakness.

Since there are relatively many causes of blood leakage from the anus - this can be, including, and a cancerous tumor, it is necessary to consult with the doctor and conduct a survey.

[11], [12], [13]

Risk factors

Factors that can lead to conditions accompanied by the release of blood from the anus can become:

• digestive disorders in the form of constipation or diarrhea, which lead to increased stress on the vessels and tissues of the intestine;
• sedentary lifestyle, causing circulatory disorders in the pelvic organs;
• excessive physical exertion, increasing venous pressure;
• other inflammatory pathologies in the abdominal cavity (endometritis, prostatitis, hepatitis, etc.);
• period of pregnancy (especially multiplicity or large fruit), natural childbirth;
• presence of excessive body weight, malnutrition;
• hereditary predisposition.

[14], [15], [16], [17]

Pathogenesis

Since the most frequent cause of bleeding from the anal sphincter is hemorrhoids, it is possible to consider the pathogenetic features of this particular disease.

With hemorrhoids, a hemodynamic disorder occurs: in the anorectal zone, the venous system is quite extensive, which, under certain conditions, can lead to stagnation of venous blood and inflammation.

With congenital weakness of the connective tissue, and also due to the weakening of this tissue, associated with age-related changes, venous nodes arise that can protrude and fall out. They accumulate blood, which can leak through the act of defecation, and especially with constipation or labor during labor.

If the patient suffers from constipation, too dense stool can lead to mechanical damage to mucous tissues and blood vessels. As a result, there are microdamages, microcracks, through which blood seeps.

[18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29]

Symptoms of the bleeding from the anus

Bleeding and bleeding from the anus are not always the same. Here the amount of blood allocated is important: for some pathologies of blood there may be many, but for others - quite a bit. In addition, the color of bloody discharge is an important diagnostic value. It is noticed that the close location of the source of bleeding to the anal sphincter is characterized by a bright color of the blood. If bleeding occurs in the upper parts of the intestine or digestive tract, the discharge will be much darker.

In individual patients, bloody discharge can be almost black, and also accompanied by an extremely unpleasant odor. Such feces, resembling a kind of resin, are called melena. A similar condition occurs when a bloody clot stays in the cavity of the large intestine for a long time. Therefore, melena is a sign of localization of the source of hemorrhage in the upper parts of the digestive system (for example, it can be a peptic ulcer). Detection of melena is a formidable symptom requiring special attention from doctors.

A plentiful spotting is often accompanied by signs of anemia: fatigue, pale skin, drowsiness, etc.

The first signs almost always the patient discovers independently, while going to the toilet. Bloody clots, veins or drops can be found on toilet paper, feces, or on underwear. If this happens, you should not immediately sound an alarm, but you can not leave this feature without attention either. If a small amount of bloody drops appeared after defecation with dense calves, then you should not worry - this often happens with constipation and overstretch of the anus. In other situations it is still better to show the doctor.

Bleeding may be accompanied by other symptoms, depending on the root cause of this disorder. Additional signs may include:

1. the appearance or prolapse of venous nodes in the anal region;
2. painful sensations;
3. sensation of itching and / or burning;
4. swelling of tissues;
5. mucous discharge.

• Minor bleeding from the anus at stool, with defecation, against diarrhea, skin rashes and fever, indicates the presence of an infectious disease. Infection leads to intoxication of the body and to the defeat of the digestive organs. As a rule, in such a situation, the identification of the causative agent is required, which is determined during bacteriological analysis of stool.
• Bleeding from the anus without a chair indicates the presence of damage to the rectum tissues. This can be caused by the development of the tumor - both benign and malignant etiology. To clarify the diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct adequate diagnosis.
• Bleeding from the anus without pain along with tar and feces of anemia may indicate the presence of peptic ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer. With a diagnostic study, the doctor will pay attention to the presence of bleeding ulcers in the stomach.
• Pain and bleeding from the anus are common signs of hemorrhoids. In this case, the blood will have a scarlet color, and the bleeding itself will not be strong. Among the other symptoms of hemorrhoids, there are periodic difficulties with defecation and itching. Visually, you can pay attention to the presence of enlarged veins and nodes filled with blood.
• Abundant bleeding from the anus, which is accompanied by the release of black stools and bloody vomiting, often occurs when the vessels of the digestive organs are damaged. Vessels can be damaged due to rupture of varicose nodules, ulceration processes or tumors. Additional signs can be diarrhea, heartburn, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach.
• Aloe bleeding from the anus after defecation is a sign of tissue damage in the prianal area, or, simply, of the anal fissure. This pathology is often found against the background of regular constipation and painful defecation. At visual inspection the doctor can see damages of mucous membranes.
• Itching and bleeding in the anus occurs, as in the inflammation of the hemorrhoids, and in helminthiasis. For external hemorrhoids, typical inflammation of the veins, which can be seen and felt independently: the veins in the anal area are inflamed and enlarged. With helminthiasis, there may be a violation of appetite, abdominal pain, digestive disorders, anemia.
• Chronic bleeding and mucus from the anus can be signs of ulcerative colitis, or the so-called Crohn's disease. The disease is accompanied by periodic digestive disorders (can be, like constipation, and diarrhea), abdominal pain. Often affected by skin and joints. Diagnostically, it is possible to detect various sizes of ulcers on the walls of the intestine.
• Bleeding from the anus with clots, usually occurs with exacerbation of internal hemorrhoids. However, a similar sign can also be observed when the vessels are damaged by tumor processes. Therefore, when this symptom appears, it is important to visit the doctor in a timely manner and undergo all the necessary diagnostic measures.
• Periodic bleeding from the anus is often observed with internal hemorrhoids - a lesion invisible to the eye of the rectum veins. This disease for a long time can not disturb the patient. The first signs appear only when the venous nodes increase and are released into the intestinal lumen. In later stages, the disease is accompanied not only by the release of blood, but also by pains, as well as by the sensation of a foreign object and insufficient emptying of the intestine.

[30], [31]

Bleeding from the anus in men

According to statistical data, the most frequent appearance of blood during defecation in male patients is associated with hemorrhoids, cracks in the rectum, liver disease, oncology.

The cancer factor is the most dangerous of all listed, therefore it is important to know other possible symptoms of pathology:

• a violation of appetite;
• a feeling of constant fatigue and weakness;
• feeling of constant fullness of the stomach and / or intestines;
• frequent digestive disorders;
• false urge to defecate.

For liver diseases are characterized by bouts of nausea, vomiting, possible intolerance to certain foods, bitter taste in the mouth, itching on the skin. In some patients with cirrhosis there are vascular spiders on the skin in the abdomen.

Specific, "male" cause of blood allocation is neglected inflammation of the prostate gland, as well as prostate cancer. If the cancerous process spreads to the intestinal tissues, bleeding can become abundant and very dangerous.

In order to prevent the development of complications, it is recommended that all men are regularly visited by a proctologist who will perform a finger examination of the rectum.

[32], [33]

Bleeding from the anus in women

Blood from the anus in female patients can be allocated, both for general and for specific reasons for women. Often, the allocation of blood is associated with pregnancy, with difficult births, with endometriosis and or oncology of reproductive organs.

• Bleeding from the anus before the menstruation almost always indicates that the woman has extensive foci of endometriosis - the growth of endometrial cells outside the endometrial layer on the uterine wall. Since the endometrium during menstruation bleeds, then, in the case of the spread of cells on the walls of the intestine, blood can appear in the stool and / or in the anus. If the endometrial cells enter the urinary system, the blood before the menstruation or during it can be found in the urine.
• Bleeding from the anus during pregnancy is more often associated with hormonal changes in the body. In addition to the fact that the uterus, as it grows, exerts considerable pressure on the pelvic organs and the abdominal cavity, it is also important to change the hormonal background. Vessels relax, the intestine does not perform as well as before pregnancy: it's no secret that constipation is often observed during the gestation process. All these factors, as well as stagnation of blood in the lower intestine, lead to the fact that the risk of hemorrhoids increases, which serves as a further cause of the appearance of blood from the anus.
• Bleeding from the anus after childbirth is due to the fact that during natural labor, with exertions, blood pressure in all internal organs and vessels significantly increases. The walls of the vessels experience colossal stress. If a woman previously suffered from weakness of the vascular walls, or she had a tendency to develop hemorrhoids, then the increase in hemorrhoids after delivery is almost guaranteed. Of course, during pregnancy and immediately after birth, a woman should consult a phlebologist and proctologist. If the situation is brought under control in time, then such postpartum consequences can be cured in a few weeks.

[34], [35], [36], [37]

Bleeding from the anus in the child

Isolation of blood from the anus can occur not only in adults, but also in children. There are several reasons for this phenomenon.

For example, in infants, the presence of veins in the stool can be associated with a hypersensitivity reaction to whole milk proteins, or to other foods, as well as with lactase deficiency.

Isolation of blood in the baby in conjunction with the expressed anxiety, fever and nausea may indicate an acute surgical condition - invagination.

With an increase in the motor and social activity of the child, the danger of destruction of his digestive tract by intestinal infectious diseases increases. Such diseases often occur against the background of bloody diarrhea, signs of intoxication, fever.

If the baby is prone to constipation, and his stool is less frequent than every two to three days, excessively dehydrated stool can lead to the appearance of a crack in the anus. In this situation, you can recommend to adjust the food regime of the baby: it is necessary to introduce more plant components and fresh sour-milk products into the diet.

It does not really matter if the child's age is detected in the anal zone. Such a baby must be examined by a pediatrician or a children's proctologist.

[38], [39], [40], [41], [42]

Complications and consequences

The possibility of complications depends on the cause of this condition:

• A sharp crack in the anus can lead to temporary pain and spasm of the sphincter;
• a chronic crack leads to the appearance of prolonged pain - especially when sitting or during defecation;
• chronic cracks and damage to the anus can provoke the development of paraproctitis - an inflammatory process in the rectum, which occurs due to the entry of bacteria through damaged tissue;
• hemorrhoids can be complicated by thrombosis, necrosis, prolapse of venous nodes;
• a prolonged inflammatory process inside the mucous tissues, as well as frequent tissue damage can lead to the development of a cancerous tumor.

With frequent and abundant discharge of blood from the anus, iron deficiency anemia may develop - anemia, which is characterized by a decrease in the hemoglobin level in the bloodstream. A severe drop in this level can lead to dizziness, weakness, fatigue, etc.

[43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]

Diagnostics of the bleeding from the anus

Diagnosis of the causes of the appearance of blood from the anus is based on information obtained during the patient's interview, as well as on the physical and laboratory methods of the study.

In most cases, the doctor may suggest that the patient conduct the following diagnostic procedures:

• finger examination of the rectum and prostate gland in men;
• stool analysis for occult blood;
• analysis of feces on eggs of parasites (sometimes worms can cause the appearance of blood in the stool).

Analyzes of blood and urine are not always prescribed, but only for differential diagnosis. Thus, urinalysis can indicate a pathology of the kidney and urinary system. A blood test will help identify anemia and confirm the presence of an inflammatory process in the patient's body.

Instrumental diagnostics can include the following procedures:

• Irrigoscopy is an x-ray study for which a contrast agent is administered to the intestinal cavity.
• Gastroduodenoscopy is an endoscopic research method that is used to visualize the state of the mucous tissues of the digestive system. Endoscopy can also be used for treatment - for example, for cauterization of erosion or ulcers.
• Rectoscopy - used to examine the lower segments of the intestine. In particular, this method makes it possible to diagnose hemorrhoids, microdamages of mucous tissues, tumor processes on the walls of the sigmoid and rectum.
• Colonoscopy - allows more detailed assessment of changes in internal tissues lining the surface of the large intestine.

In order to establish the diagnosis accurately, a complete and qualitative examination is required.

[51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61]

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis must take into account the possibility of such diseases as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, polyps in the intestines, benign and malignant processes, helminthiasis, ulcerative colitis, diverticulosis, as well as chronic constipation and intoxications.

Treatment of the bleeding from the anus

Depending on the original cause of the appearance of blood, treatment may include:

• the use of medicines, which the doctor appoints individually;
• diet, prescribed by a doctor;
• detoxification activities;
• procedures for cleansing the bowels and setting up a chair;
• restoration of water balance in the body;
• operative intervention - according to available indications.

It is strongly advised not to initiate self-medication without prior medical advice. This can lead to an aggravation of the course of the disease and the intensification of unpleasant painful manifestations.

It should be taken into account that due to the variety of the origins of the appearance of blood from the anus, any one treatment regimen can not exist: an individual therapeutic approach is applied to each individual case.

How to stop bleeding from the anus?

It is not only difficult to stop heavy bleeding yourself, but it is also not recommended: this procedure should be performed by a medical specialist. Especially when you consider that blood allocation is poorly amenable to correction by conservative methods of treatment.

The most effective for stopping bleeding are external medicine. They in most situations really help to cope with the task. From a number of hemostatic medicines should be identified as a drug with vasoconstrictive effect, and anti-inflammatory and healing agents.

Thrombin and Adrenaline are medicines that are especially effective. However, they are used only in hospital settings, but not at home. Ritual suppository and ointment preparations are successfully used in everyday life.

Suppositories for bleeding from the anus:

• Suppositories with adrenaline-like action:

1. Relief is a complex tool presented in the pharmaceutical market in several forms (Advance, Ultra and Fast). Suppositories can be used at different stages of inflammation of the hemorrhoids, as well as in cracks, proctitis or with constipation. Suppositories are administered rectally: Advance and Fast - up to four times a day, and Relief Ultra - up to two times a day. It is not recommended to apply Relief to persons with a tendency to hypertension.
2. Procto-gliovenol is a combined preparation based on tribenozide and lidocaine. Has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and venotonic properties. Suppositories use 1 pc. Once or twice a day, according to the indications. During treatment, itching and / or burning in the anorectal zone may occur.

• Suppositories with tannic properties:

1. Neo-anusole is a suppository with tannic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects. As part of the medication, iodine, tannin, bismuth, resorcinol, zinc are present. Neo-anuzole well eliminates signs of bleeding inflammation and anal fissures. The drug is used in the morning and evening, one candle. Side effects during treatment are rare, limited to allergic reactions to the composition of the drug.
2. Suppositories with oak bark have powerful immunomodulatory, bactericidal, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Suppositories are used to eliminate bleeding during hemorrhoids, cracks, proctitis, paraproctitis, sigmoiditis, prostatitis. The standard scheme of using suppositories - up to 2 times a day for 1 pc. Rectally. The duration of therapy is from 10 to 20 days.

• Hemostatic anti-inflammatory suppositories:

1. Suppositories with methyluracil perfectly restore damaged tissues, have an antimicrobial effect, increase blood coagulability. Such suppositories are usually well tolerated, but they should not be used to treat children under 3 years old, as well as with leukemia and lymphogranulomatosis. Suppositories with methyluracil can be applied up to 4 times a day.

• Suppositories that promote the restoration of damaged tissues:

1. Suppositories with propolis well stop small bleedings, contribute to the elimination of the inflammatory process, help to repair damaged tissue sites. Propolis can be safely used, as for children, and pregnant and lactating women. The only contraindication to use is the allergy to bee products.
2. Sea-buckthorn suppository based on sea buckthorn oil helps with hemorrhoids, rectal ulcers and fissures, with sphincteritis, proctitis and cracks. Usually, such suppositories are used once a day, at night, for 10 days. During use, there may be a slight burning sensation in the anus, which is not considered an excuse for discontinuing treatment.

Medications that contain spasmodic components in their composition help to narrow the blood vessels and stop the discharge of blood from them. To such medicines carry Vikasol , Etamzilat  and Dicinon.

Injection administration of drugs is required only when providing emergency care, with massive loss of blood. In other situations, the use of tablets is appropriate.

Vicasol should be taken on 2 tab. Is the daily rate of medicine.

Dicycin in bleeding from the anus is part of a comprehensive treatment for internal hemorrhoids. It is prescribed in the amount of 10-12 mg per kg of body weight (the daily amount can be from two to six tablets divided into 3-4 doses). The absolute analogue of this drug is Etamsylate.

Vitamins

Blood loss, and especially massive or chronic, requires additional replenishment of vitamins in the body. Thanks to vitamins, it is possible to prevent the development of anemia and improve the absorption of iron.

Vitamin C is  involved in all metabolic processes. It is present in varying amounts in most products, but with heat treatment, as a rule, is destroyed. Vitamin C is necessarily present in the pharmaceutical preparations of iron, as it takes a direct part in the assimilation of this element.

Vitamin B ₁₂  is normally produced in the intestine. However, with dysbacteriosis or disruption of the intestine, its amount drops sharply. Therefore, in order to avoid the development of anemia, bleeding should be taken additionally.

Vitamin B ₆  improves metabolism, and is also responsible for the production of a specific enzyme that takes part in the processing of proteins and the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin. If this vitamin is not enough, then the process of hematopoiesis is violated.

Folic acid is  involved in virtually all processes of hematopoiesis. A large amount of vitamin is present in foods that must be ingested regularly. These are salad leaves, liver, bran.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

In order to improve the effects of medications, as well as in the complex therapy, the patient can be prescribed physiotherapy sessions. For example, with hemorrhoids or cracks in the anus, such sessions will help wound healing and alleviate painful sensations.

Contraindications to the use of physiotherapy are:

• any malignant or benign tumors;
• suppurative inflammatory process;
• impaired blood clotting;
• infringement of venous knots;
• prolapse of the rectum;
• heavy bleeding.

Among the main physiotherapy techniques that are often used in proctology, you can identify medical electrophoresis, quartz irradiation, UHF therapy, magnetotherapy, laser therapy, darsonval, electroneurostimulation (Diadens).

Good reviews were received from the sanatorium-resort treatment, mud treatment, reception of mineral baths. In addition, a noticeable effect is given by microclysters with hydrogen sulfide water: such enemas improve intestinal peristalsis, promote resorption of inflammatory elements, eliminate edema and inflammation.

Alternative treatment

One way to slow the release of blood from the anus is the use of ice candles. It should be noted that this method is quite specific and requires a doctor's prior consultation.

According to alternative healers, the ice suppository helps to quickly narrow the blood vessels and stop bleeding. To prepare such suppositories you need to take clean water or vegetable broth and freeze. As a form, you can use rubber gloves (finger part) or small cone bags. Of course, the frozen pieces of ice should resemble ordinary suppositories in shape. Homemade suppositories should not have sharp edges, in order to avoid additional traumatization of tissues.

The first administration of the suppository should not last more than 4-5 seconds. With each introduction, the duration of exposure is increased.

If the bleeding is external, then instead of suppositories you can apply cold lotions with decoctions of herbs or with honey.

A good action is provided by cool sessile baths - for example, with infusion of sage, chamomile or St. John's wort.

[62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70]

Kefir with bleeding from the anus

If bleeding is associated with hemorrhoids, it is very important to take all measures to prevent the occurrence of constipation. For this reason, experts recommend consuming up to 2 liters of clean water daily. In the morning on an empty stomach it is desirable to drink a large cup of water or freshly squeezed juice (for example, carrot, diluted with half water). It is equally useful at breakfast to eat 2-3 pieces of washed prunes.

The daily diet should consist of a large number of plant products: berries, vegetables, greens, fruits, both raw, and boiled or stewed. It is useful to prepare fresh salads with vegetable oil or natural yoghurt.

Expressed a positive effect on intestinal motility is a one-day kefir. Drink it should be 3-4 times a day, 200 ml. Do not buy the product in the store, if kefir has a long shelf life. It is better to cook it at home, from milk.

On the basis of fresh yogurt you can prepare cocktails with berries or fruits, pour yoghurt oat flakes or buckwheat.

Herbal Treatment

Medicines based on herbs, which can stop the blood from the anus, should be prepared, based on the proportion of 1 tbsp. L. Herbal mixture for 200 ml of water.

Herbs are poured hot water and heated on a water bath for a quarter of an hour.

The most common hemostatic plants are:

• yarrow;
• leaves of nettle;
• water pepper.

Drink broths of herbs for 1 tbsp. L. Three times a day.

Tincture of water pepper on alcohol can be bought in almost any pharmacy, or cook at home (25 grams of plants pour 100 ml of vodka and insist 2 weeks in the refrigerator). Tincture can be taken thrice a day for 30 drops, diluted in 100 ml of water.

Water pepper should not be administered to women during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic remedies for the removal of bleeding from the anus are better known in the form of local external means.

Homeopathic medicines have become more popular in recent years. This is mainly due to the fact that such drugs have a minimal list of contraindications and side effects. The most common remedies based on sea-buckthorn juice, camomile flowers, marigold, oak bark.

Fleming's ointment consists of extracts of calendula, horse chestnut, mint, witch hazel and zinc oxide. The components of the ointment determine the analgesic, hemostatic and bactericidal properties of the preparation.

In addition, homoeopathic doctors often prescribe to patients such drugs:

• Aloe sokotrina;
• Escolus;
• Cardus Marianus;
• Nux vomica.

The dosage of the listed products is determined by the doctor, based on the original cause of the appearance of blood. In addition, the features of the patient's constitution, as well as his psychological characteristics, are taken into account.

Surgery

The surgical operation is appointed to eliminate some causes of bleeding from the anus. Of course, this type of treatment is not required in all cases. It is used for hemorrhoids, significant cracks in the anus, with acute paraproctitis, with pararectal fistulas, with cysts, polyps and other neoplasms in the intestine.

To date, the most popular are such surgical techniques:

• laser surgical treatment (applicable for excision of pathological tissues);
• laparoscopic operation (applicable for resection of the intestine and for rectopexy - fixation of the dropping rectum).

One of the leading causes of bleeding from the anus is hemorrhoids. The degree of surgical intervention in this disease depends on the stage of pathology. At the initial stage of the disease, it may be sufficient to use conservative techniques. With advanced disease, combined operations are used using the latest technological methods: staple hemorrhoidopexy with the help of PPH Longo, THD, or laser coagulation of external venous nodes.

The most effective methods of surgical exposure to hemorrhoids are:

• Ligation of venous nodes (operation on latex ligation with superimposition of a special ring).
• Laser thrombhemorrhoidectomy (used for increased thrombosis).
• The THD method is the use of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (the most painless method).
• Longo's method is the use of stapler hemorrhoidectomy with the help of the PPH apparatus (the fastest method of performing the operation).
• Operation of aesthetic anoplastic surgery.

The presence of modern facilities in medicine and surgery allows you to choose the optimal type of treatment, taking into account the existing diseases and individual characteristics of the patient. The type and degree of surgical intervention is determined only after a thorough diagnosis of the patient.

Prevention

Prevention of the appearance of blood from the anus should be regular examinations of the doctor (especially if there is a predisposition to anorectal pathologies), an active and mobile way of life, proper nutrition with the use of plant and quality products. Diet should not include

Fast food products, semi-finished products. Food should be taken on time, without starving or overeating. Do not eat dry and "on the run."

If the patient suffers from intestinal polyps or hemorrhoids, then he must monitor the course of the disease at the doctor, at least every six months. The same applies to patients with diverticulosis.

Additional factors that can help prevent bowel problems:

• control of body weight;
• employment with feasible physical loads;
• maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

[71], [72], [73], [74], [75]

Forecast

Most often, the secretion of blood indicates the presence of anal microdamage or hemorrhoids. In such a situation, the doctor will prescribe appropriate treatment, which may include setting suppositories and external use of ointments.

If bleeding from the anus is due to other causes, then the further outcome depends on how timely and qualitatively the medical help was provided.

[76], [77], [78], [79], [80]