Adenoides of the 2nd degree in children: removal by operation

Adenoides of the 2nd degree in children represent a pathological hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue, which causes labored breathing during the day and sniffing at night. According to statistics, the disease manifests itself at the age of 3 to 7 years and is the consequence of the started 1 stage.

The pathogenesis and etymology of adenoids are not clear to the present day. From 5 to 7 years, the morphofunctional organization of the tonsils is amenable to numerous changes. Failures in the immune system can cause various factors: genetic, infectious, ecological.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Causes of the adenoides of the 2nd degree in the child

Pharyngeal tonsils are a kind of barrier that protects the body from infections coming through the nose in the process of breathing. Frequent diseases lead to a disruption of the protective function, and the viruses multiply in the lymphoid tissue.

The cause of adenoids of the 2nd degree of adenoids in children can be a chronic disease of the respiratory system or neglected inflammation. As a result, the larynx and blood stagnate in the nasopharynx.

[7], [8], [9], [10], [11]

Risk factors

• heredity;
• fetal hypoxia;
• frequent colds;
• critical ecological situation;
• allergy.

Weakened children's body can not cope with the infection and reacts to viruses with an increase in the amygdala. If the adenoids are not cured on time in an easy form, the disease passes to the second stage. And this means that overgrowths cover the opener half.

[12], [13], [14], [15]

Symptoms of the adenoides of the 2nd degree in the child

The first signs of the disease can occur even in one-year-old babies. The peak of the disease occurs at the age of 3-5 years. At this age, children go to kindergarten and begin to contact foreign bacteria, which can lead to frequent illnesses.

Symptoms of adenoids of the 2nd degree in children:

• sleep disturbance. Sprouting prevents the flow of air, and the baby begins to breathe with his mouth, which is accompanied by snoring, snoring. The child sleeps restlessly, it is tormented by nightmares;
• headache;
• breathing through the mouth even during the day;
• incessant cold;
• dry cough in the morning;
• worsening of hearing.

In the process of development, parents may notice that the child has speech disorders, and he started talking in the nose. Also, enlarged tonsils can negatively affect the physical and neuro-psychological development of the child.

[16], [17], [18], [19]

Complications and consequences

The launched pathology of the 2nd degree leads to more severe consequences and complications. Hypertrophy of adenoids of 2 and 3 degree have identical symptomatology. The only difference is the severity. The third stage of the disease has a pronounced character.

[20], [21], [22], [23], [24]

Diagnostics of the adenoides of the 2nd degree in the child

Independently to consider adenoids of 2 degrees in a nose at the child it is impossible, therefore at display of the first attributes it is necessary to address urgently to the doctor. To determine the diagnosis, you should conduct an examination and take the tests.

Diagnosis of adenoids of the 2nd degree in children is based on:

1. Collection of complaints. The doctor consults and finds out what worries the parents, and what treatment was done at home;
2. A detailed examination of the nasopharynx;
3. Inspection of nasal passages.

To date, there are several types of diagnosis that help to establish an accurate diagnosis and immediately begin treatment: instrumental and differential.

Instrumental diagnostics includes:

• endoscopy. The study helps to examine in detail the nasopharyngeal tonsil, and assess the condition of the mucosa. Endoscopy also allows you to determine the presence of polyps, spines, or curvature of the septum. This method is characterized by high efficiency and painlessness;
• computed tomography is no less informative method, it makes it possible to analyze the structure and shape of the amygdala, as well as neighboring organs and structures. With the help of QD, you can build a 3-dimensional image;
• ultrasound method. Ultrasonic waves allow us to determine the thickness of the nasopharyngeal mucosa and enlarged tonsils. The method is absolutely harmless, does not cause discomfort.

[25], [26], [27], [28]

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms that are typical of inflamed adenoids do not always indicate the development of this disease. Differential diagnosis is a very important stage in the examination of the patient. The fact is that in the nasopharynx various pathologies can develop, fundamentally different from adenoids.

In order not to cause harm, the doctor must exclude a number of diseases that have similar symptoms: curvature of the septum, polyps, leukemia, atrophy of the posterior walls of the lower shells.

Treatment of the adenoides of the 2nd degree in the child

Inflammation of adenoids of the 2nd degree in children requires immediate treatment. Otherwise, the disease can take a more complex form. Modern medicine distinguishes two main methods: surgical and conservative.

If there is no acute need for surgical intervention, doctors are inclined to conservative treatment of grade 2 adenoids in children:

• washing of the nose. You can use a solution of sea salt or medicines, for example, Humer or Aquamaris (3-4 times a day, 2 drops in each nostril). The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor;
• inhalation;
• sprays and drops for the nose;
• immunocorrectors.

Modern medicine offers a huge selection of antiseptic drugs that help fight adenoids. The most effective medicines:

1. Protargol. Antiseptic, which removes inflammation, disinfects, strengthens the immune system. Before instillation, rinse nose thoroughly with saline. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 14 days. Side effects include itching and burning in the nose. Contraindications - individual intolerance to the component in the formulation;
2. Miramistin. Antiseptic is used only for external use. Helps reduce the level of bacteria. For a long time - 4-7 days. After use, a burning sensation in the nasopharynx may appear. After 5-10 minutes passes;
3. Isofra is an antibiotic with a bactericidal effect. Destroys viruses that cause infections of the nasopharynx. Do not use an antibiotic for individual intolerance to its components. The course of treatment - 3-4 days;
4. Nazonex. The form of release - drops or a spray. The drug has an anti-allergenic effect. Side effects include: bleeding from the nose, burning and dryness in the nasopharynx, severe headache. Do not use for children younger than 2 years, during the post-operative period, with tuberculosis or fungal infections.

To speed up the process of recovery, specialists often recommend taking medications in combination with physiotherapy. Physiotherapy has a positive effect on the immune system, relieves inflammation.

There are many methods of treatment, but not all of them are effective. First of all, the chosen methods should be absolutely safe for children. The most common methods of physiotherapy are: drug electrophoresis, darsonvalization (exposure to mucous and skin with high frequency current), ultrahigh-frequency therapy (ultra high frequency current).

Homeopathic remedies

Recently, the treatment of adenoids with the help of homeopathy has become very popular. Among the preparations of the homeopathic series the most effective are:

• Lymphomyositis. Has antihomotoxic, immunomodelling and anti-inflammatory effect, removes puffiness. Dosage: children from birth to 2 years - 2 times a day for 3-5 drops, from 2 to 6 years is prescribed 7-8 drops (2/3 times a day), after six years the child can give an adult dose of the drug - 10 drops. There is no information about side effects;
• Sinupret. The drug is developed on a plant basis. Promotes the removal of mucous formations from the nose, helps to get rid of the rhinitis and complications caused by adenoids. Dosage depends on the child's age: 2-6 years - 15 drops, from 6 to 12 - 25 drops, over 12 - adult dose (50 drops) per day. The composition contains a small amount of alcohol, so it is better for children to dilute it with water;
• Job-child. The main advantage of this homeopathic preparation is the elimination of the inflammatory process. The form of release is granules. In the preparation of the preparation only natural components that do not cause allergic reactions and are safe for children. Moisturizes the inflamed nasal mucosa. The drug is taken on 8-10 granules once a day. After 4 days, a 3-day break should be done;
• Thuya oil. Has antimicrobial effect. Used for inhalations or for instillation into the nose.

Surgical intervention

Removal of adenoids of 2nd degree in children is necessary if:

• at night the child stops breathing;
• there are violations of mental or physical development;
• the genyantritis is diagnosed;
• the disease provoked the development of asthma, enuresis, otitis.

After the examination, the doctor decides whether to completely or partially remove the adenoids. If they are often exacerbated or an inflammatory process is detected, the adenoids are removed completely.

After surgical treatment during the week the child is advised to comply with bed rest. You can eat extremely liquid light food without spices. It is very important to control the body temperature so as not to miss the onset of the inflammatory process. If the operation was not performed correctly, adenoids can grow again.

Treatment of adenoids by alternative means

Often doctors are very skeptical about folk treatment of adenoids. Despite this, there are effective recipes that help to ease the course of the disease and improve breathing:

1. Calanchoe juice. It helps to remove mucus from the nose and reduces edema. For cooking, you need a plant juice and boiled water (1: 1). The solution should be digested 3 times a day for 1-2 drops;
2. Beet juice. The remedy is prepared on the same principle. Beet juice is diluted with water and digested 2 drops twice a day. The solution dries the mucous and removes inflammation;
3. Drops from sea-buckthorn. Sea buckthorn oil is recommended to dig in 3 drops a day for 2 drops. It helps restore the functions of the nasal mucosa.

Herbal medicine is also widely spread. To prepare a remedy, you need to make a mixture of eucalyptus (2 parts), chamomile flowers (2 parts), birch leaves (1 part). A glass of boiled water is required on the tablespoon of the collection. When the solution cools down, you can start treatment. Within two weeks, the drug is digested 2 times a day for 2 drops.

No less effective in the fight against adenoids collection of mint (1 part), St. John's Wort (1 part) and oak bark (2 parts). The principle of preparation and application are identical.

For washing, you can prepare an infusion of leaves: psyllium, sage, calendula and coltsfoot. All components are taken in equal parts. For a tablespoon of collection, a glass of water is enough. Within an hour the broth is infused and cooled. After it must be filtered.

Prevention

Qualitative therapy and modern diagnostic methods contribute to complete recovery of breathing, increase of mental and physical activity, elimination of infections.

With complications, children who suffer from allergies or asthma, with bite anomalies, speech disorders are confronted.

A child has adenoids of grade 2, if he is constantly ill. To avoid the development of the disease, you need to monitor the nutrition of the child, develop in him a love of sport. Diseases of the upper respiratory tract should be treated on time, in the lungs. It is also recommended to take vitamins. It is not advisable to choose drugs by yourself.

[29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35]